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131.
María José Sánchez‐Ruiz Juan Carlos Pérez‐González Dr K. V. Petrides 《Australian journal of psychology》2010,62(1):51-57
This study investigated the trait emotional intelligence (trait EI or trait emotional self‐efficacy) profiles of 512 students from five university faculties: technical studies, natural sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities. Using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, it was hypothesised that (a) social sciences would score higher than technical studies in Emotionality, (b) arts would score higher than technical studies in Emotionality, (c) arts would score lower than technical studies in Self‐control, and (d) there would be an interaction between gender and faculty, whereby female students would score higher than male students within the social sciences only. Several other exploratory comparisons were also performed. Results supported hypotheses (a), (b), and (d), but not hypothesis (c), although the differences were in the predicted direction. 相似文献
132.
This study assessed whether two well known effects associated with cognitive control, conflict adaptation (the Gratton effect) and conflict context (proportion congruent effects), reflect a single common or separate control systems. To test this we examined if these two effects generalized from one kind of conflict to another by using a combined-conflict paradigm (involving the Simon and Spatial Stroop tasks) and manipulating the proportion of congruent to incongruent trials for one conflict (Simon) but not the other (Spatial Stroop). We found that conflict adaptation effects did not generalize, but the effect of conflict context did. This contrasting pattern of results strongly suggests the existence of two separate attentional control systems, one transient and responsible of online regulation of performance (conflict adaptation), the other sustained and responsible for conflict context effects. 相似文献
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135.
Christopher C. Davoli Feng Du Juan Montana Susan Garverick Richard A. Abrams 《Memory & cognition》2010,38(5):555-562
Much of the reading that we do occurs near our hands. Previous research has revealed that spatial processing is enhanced near
the hands, potentially benefiting several processes involved in reading; however, it is unknown whether semantic processing—another
critical aspect of reading—is affected near the hands. While holding their hands either near to or far from a visual display,
our subjects performed two tasks that drew on semantic processing: evaluation of the sensibleness of sentences, and the Stroop
color-word interference task. We found evidence for impoverished semantic processing near the hands in both tasks. These results
suggest a trade-off between spatial processing and semantic processing for the visual space around the hands. Readers are
encouraged to be aware of this trade-off when choosing how to read a text, since both kinds of processing can be beneficial
for reading. 相似文献
136.
流行音乐以其独特的旋律、强烈的时代感吸引着一代代中学生,并随风潜入,润物无声地影响着他们的成长和发展。流行音乐已融入中学生的日常生活,也必定在潜移默化中影响着他们的观念和行为方式。因此,必须重视流行音乐对中学生的影响,并采取积极有效的措施发挥流行音乐的正功能,为中学生的成长和发展营造一个良好的文化氛围。 相似文献
137.
We investigated how the information that supports novel associative and item object priming differs under identical study/test conditions. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants rated the meaningfulness of sentences linking two object pictures at study. At test, they performed either a size judgement or an associative recognition memory task on intact, recombined and novel picture (Experiment 1) or word (Experiment 2) associations. Associative priming was modulated by subjective meaningfulness of the encoded links, and depended on study/test perceptual overlap. In contrast, item priming was neither affected by the meaningfulness of the sentences nor by study/test changes in the stimulus presentation format. Associative priming and recognition were behaviourally dissociated, and associative recognition was probably too slow to have seriously contaminated associative priming. In Experiment 3, participants performed a perceptually oriented task during both experimental phases, and both associative and item priming were observed. These results suggest that associative priming depends on stored associative semantic and perceptual information when the test task requires flexible retrieval of associative information. Under the same conditions, item priming may only require activation of items' semantic properties. When both study and test tasks stress perceptual processing, retrieval of perceptual information is sufficient to support both kinds of priming. 相似文献
138.
Paulo Ventura Jose Morais Carlos Brito-Mendes Regine Kolinsky 《Memory (Hove, England)》2013,21(2):124-147
Warrington and colleagues (Warrington & McCarthy, 1983, 1987; Warrington & Shallice, 1984) claimed that sensorial and functional-associative (FA) features are differentially important in determining the meaning of living things (LT) and nonliving things (NLT). The first aim of the present study was to evaluate this hypothesis through two different access tasks: feature generation (Experiment 1) and cued recall (Experiment 2). The results of both experiments provided consistent empirical support for Warrington and colleagues' assumption. The second aim of the present study was to test a new differential interactivity hypothesis that combines Warrington and colleagues' assumption with the notion of a higher number of intercorrelations and hence of a stronger connectivity between sensorial and non-sensorial features for LTs than for NLTs. This hypothesis was motivated by previous reports of an uncrossed interaction between domain (LTs vs NLTs) and attribute type (sensorial vs FA) in, for example, a feature verification task (Laws, Humber, Ramsey, & McCarthy, 1995): while FA attributes are verified faster than sensorial attributes for NLTs, no difference is observed for LTs. We replicated and generalised this finding using several feature verification tasks on both written words and pictures (Experiment 3), including in conditions aimed at minimising the intervention of priming biases and strategic or mnemonic processes (Experiment 4). The whole set of results suggests that both privileged relations between features and categories, and the differential importance of intercorrelations between features as a function of category, modulate access to semantic features. 相似文献
139.
梳理了目前国内外护理教育发展的基本情况,从满足我国护理事业发展需求、充分考虑现代护理学的学科特点、明确护理高等教育不同层次的培养目标等方面分析了护理教育发展的主要思路,并提出具体的建议和措施,力图通过加强护理学教育来进一步推动我国护理事业的发展。 相似文献
140.
Juan Tubert-oklander M.D. 《Psychoanalytic Dialogues》2013,23(1):115-132
Field concepts have been imported from physics into psychology and philosophy, in the work of writers such as Kurt Lewin and Maurice Merleu-Ponty. In psychoanalysis, they are found in the work of Harry Stack Sullivan, Enrique Pichon-Rivière, and Willy and Madeleine Baranger. They are essential for relational analysis, where everything than happens in the analytic situation is considered to depend on both parties of the analytic relationship. The analytic situation is understood as a two-person setup, in which neither party can be conceived without the other, because they are inescapably bound and complementary. This is called a “dynamic field,” and it corresponds to an experiential configuration that changes and evolves in time. Insight is better understood as a restructuring of the field, a gradual development of both parties' understanding of their shared unconscious situation. In this paper I discuss the main ideas posed by the Barangers, as well as my own, and present a clinical vignette to illustrate the phenomenology of the field. 相似文献