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861.
R. Enrique Varela Juan Jose Sanchez-Sosa Bridget K. Biggs Timothy M. Luis 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(2):132-145
The cross cultural equivalence of child (n = 217) and parent (n = 283) versions of the revised children’s manifest anxiety scale (RCMAS), multidimensional anxiety scale for children (MASC),
and the fear survey schedule for children—revised (FSSC-R) was examined in Mexican youth in Mexico, and Hispanic and white
European American youth in the USA. The RCMAS, MASC, and FSSC-R showed cross ethnic measurement equivalence. The Mexican and
Hispanic youth reported more worries, and the Mexican youth reported more somatic symptoms than the European American youth.
Per mother report, Mexican and Hispanic youth express more somatic symptoms than European American youth who also show the
least number of fears of the unknown and fears of danger and death. The results support the validity of commonly used child
anxiety measures with these populations and accrue evidence for greater anxiety and fear expression by Hispanic and Mexican
youth in certain domains.
相似文献
R. Enrique VarelaEmail: |
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863.
The social perception of risk is considered a multidimensional task, yet little attention has been paid to the cognitive components that organize sources of risk, despite their having been discovered in various research studies. This study attempts to concretely analyze the cultural dimension involved in those processes. In the first phase, we tried to discover to what extent sources of risk are organized into the same categories by people from different countries. In order to do so, two groups of participants were formed: 60 Spanish psychology students and 60 Chilean psychology students classified 43 sources of risk into different groups according to the criteria they found appropriate. The two samples classified risk into identical groups: acts of violence, drugs, electricity and home appliances, household chemicals, chemicals in the environment, public construction projects, transportation, sports, and natural disasters. In a second study, 100 Spanish and 84 Chilean students were asked to evaluate the magnitude of the damage incurred by 17 sources of risk. In both groups, it was observed that the evaluation of damage resulting from each source of risk was affected by its category. 相似文献
864.
Sánchez-Navarro JP Martínez-Selva JM Torrente G Román F 《The Spanish journal of psychology》2008,11(1):16-25
Previous research on the components of the emotional response employing factor analytic studies has yielded a two-factor structure (Lang, Greenwald, Bradley, & Hamm, 1993; Cuthbert, Schupp, Bradley, Birbaumer, & Lang, 2000). However, the startle blink reflex, a widely employed measure of the emotional response, has not been considered to date. We decided to include two parameters of the startle reflex (magnitude and latency) in order to explore further how this response fits into the two-factor model of emotion. We recorded the acoustic startle blink response, skin conductance response, heart rate, free viewing time, and picture valence and arousal ratings of 45 subjects while viewing 54 pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS; 18 unpleasant, 18 neutral, and 18 pleasant). Factorizations of all measures gave a two-factor solution (valence and arousal) that accounted for 70% of the variance. Although some measurements, including heart rate change, did not behave as predicted, our results reinforce the two-dimension model of the emotion, and show that startle fits into the model. 相似文献
865.
866.
自尊是个体对自我的情感性评价, 影响着个体对周围环境的应对方式。低自尊个体由于容易知觉到外部的拒绝性信息, 也更倾向于将别人的行为知觉为拒绝, 因而存在对拒绝性信息的注意偏向。本文首先综述了低自尊个体的认知与行为特点, 其次简单介绍了低自尊个体注意偏向的常用研究范式(Stroop范式、点探测任务、空间线索任务、惊吓探测范式、注意监测任务、注意转移任务), 随后列举了解释低自尊个体注意偏向的理论(社会计量理论、关系图式理论、注意成分说、注意控制说), 最后总结了低自尊个体注意偏向的脑机制研究。未来的研究应更多关注自尊结构的复杂性, 注意偏向的信息加工阶段性及其脑机制, 注意训练的作用机制及低自尊个体注意偏向的本土研究等问题。 相似文献
867.
提出企业家民族特性理论和企业家行为人文社会精神理论并对其展开实证研究。突破了传统的企业家行为理论将企业家置于职业特性的研究范式和企业家行为特质只具有市场竞争精神的单维度结构。从回族商业文化特征研究入手, 构建企业家行为特质的二维结构模型, 开展回汉族企业家行为特质比较研究和回族企业家行为绩效评价研究。本项目可扩展企业家行为理论研究范畴, 推进学术界对我国少数民族商业文化及其企业家行为研究的关注, 丰富组织行为理论和民族理论等, 同时, 本研究对我国在转型期借鉴少数民族独具特色的商业文化成果重构中华民族商业文明, 促进企业家特别是少数民族企业家成长, 充分发挥企业家在经济建设和社会进步的作用, 推动少数民族经济繁荣以及少数民族特色产业企业绩效提高等方面, 也具有较高的应用潜质。 相似文献
868.
People can extract relational information (i.e., relational concern) as well as instrumental information (i.e., instrumental concern) from decision‐making procedures. Thus, both instrumental and relational concerns are assumed to influence the procedural justice–perceived legitimacy relationship. Drawing from social exchange theory, the different kinds of concerns may lead to form different exchange relationships (social exchange relationship vs. economic relationship), which can be indicated by two forms of trust (affect‐based trust vs. cognition‐based trust). We built a model of trust mediation in which procedural justice predicted affect‐based and cognition‐based trust. Further, we also tested the hypothesis that high (compared with low) group identification individuals are more likely to rely on relational concern to construct procedural justice and judge legitimacy of authority, because they use procedural fairness information to infer the quality of their relationships with the authority. The results of an experiment (Study 1) demonstrated that both affect‐based trust and cognition‐based trust mediated the procedural justice–perceived legitimacy relationship. Moreover, a field study (Study 2) showed that affect‐based trust mediated the relationship between procedural justice and perceived legitimacy primarily among individuals with high group identification whereas cognition‐based trust mediated this relationship primarily among those with low group identification. 相似文献
869.
Emilio Paolo Visintin Jacques Berent Eva G. T. Green Juan Manuel Falomir‐Pichastor 《Journal of applied social psychology》2019,49(5):319-327
In two studies, we tested whether social dominance orientation (SDO) and intergroup contact interacted in shaping support for multiculturalism. Study 1 was correlational, while in Study 2 we measured SDO and experimentally manipulated intergroup contact (imagined contact paradigm). We found that SDO and intergroup contact interacted on support for multiculturalism: Intergroup contact was associated with more support for multiculturalism only for high‐SDO individuals, and SDO was negatively associated to support for multiculturalism more strongly for individuals with low or no contact. Finally, we discussed the role of the intergroup setting in which studies are conducted. 相似文献
870.
Kere Hughes-Belding Carla A. Peterson Melissa Clucas Walter Neil Rowe Liuran Fan Leslie J. Dooley Chloe Steffensmeier Wen Wang Juan Bao Krista Goodman 《Infant mental health journal》2019,40(3):331-342
Examination of and support for specific practices that promote high-quality home visiting are essential as family support programs continue to expand across the country. The current study used direct observation of 91 home visits across 41 home visitors to examine relations among interaction partners, content of the interactions, the home-visitors’ activities, and quality of home-visitors’ practices and family-members’ engagement within programs funded by the Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting program. More time spent in triadic interactions focused on child-related content, as measured by the Home Visit Rating Scale-Revised, was related to higher quality of family engagement in home visits, as measured with the Home Visit Observation Rating Scales. Time spent in adult-focused interactions and administrative tasks, however, was related to lower quality of home-visiting practices and family engagement. Implications for research and practice are discussed. 相似文献