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111.
112.
Annika Howells Itai Ivtzan Francisco Jose Eiroa-Orosa 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2016,17(1):163-185
Smartphones are revolutionizing approaches to wellbeing investment. Those seeking greater happiness can engage with thousands of downloadable self-help applications instantly, yet their effectiveness remains largely unknown. This investigation explored the viability of delivering a positive psychological intervention in application format to authentic happiness seekers. A smartphone-based randomized-controlled trial was conducted with a diverse self-selecting pool, randomly assigned to engage with an empirically supported mindfulness intervention (n = 57) or a control intervention (n = 64) for 10 days. The study explored smartphone methodology, the importance of empirically based content for wellbeing enhancement and the extent to which user experience related to wellbeing gains. Results of repeated measures ANOVAs showed statistically significant increases in positive affect with a medium effect size and reduced depressive symptoms with a small effect size, although no statistically significant differences in satisfaction with life, flourishing or negative affect were found. No statistically significant gains were observed in the control condition. Ratings of task enjoyment were positively correlated (Pearson’s r) with positive affect increase. Findings support the viability of smartphone-based interventions to significantly enhance elements of wellbeing, underscoring the importance of application content and the role of person-activity fit. This investigation presents implications for happiness seeking strategies in the real world whilst showcasing a dynamic method of intervention delivery that can benefit future research and practice. If the greatest mission of positive psychology is to enhance global flourishing, the potential of smartphone-based interventions may play a vital role. 相似文献
113.
The Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) is widely used in research contexts to measure the extent to which participants (children or adults) report specific or general memories in response to cue words. Recalling fewer specific and more general memories (overgeneral memory) has been shown to be linked to depression in adults, but findings for youth, in particular, are mixed. Different versions of the AMT may be one contributing factor, yet this issue has received little research attention. The current study investigated the influence of reporting mode (written vs. spoken) on the specificity, length, and content of memories provided by 8- to 10-year-old children (N?=?48). No significant differences were found in the number of specific responses given in the written and spoken modes. On the other hand, the spoken mode elicited longer and more detailed memories, although most content differences were eliminated when memory length was controlled. These findings suggest that different reporting modes can influence the nature of the memories reported, but the absolute differences are relatively small. 相似文献
114.
115.
We describe the conceptualization and development of the Behavior Analysis programs at the Florida Institute of Technology (Florida Tech). From its beginnings as a small master’s program in applied behavior analysis (ABA), the Behavior Analysis programs at Florida Tech have now grown to include three Master of Science programs across two campuses, a Ph.D. program in Behavior Analysis, an undergraduate degree (B.A.) in ABA, an online certificate program that has attracted students internationally, and a hybrid (live and online) Master of Arts in Professional Behavior Analysis program at several sites around the USA. These programs are now housed in the first ever School of Behavior Analysis at a Tier 1, nationally ranked private university. 相似文献
116.
Carlos Jose De los Reyes-Aragon Jose Amar Amar Alberto De Castro Correa Soraya Lewis Harb Camilo Madariaga Raimundo Abello-Llanos 《Journal of child and family studies》2016,25(12):3637-3643
Human development is determined by both genetic and environmental factors, especially during early childhood. Recently, research has indicated that the circumstances surrounding poverty can significantly influence children’s development. In this study, we aimed to measure the developmental level of children living in low-income, rural areas in northern Colombia. A total of 629 children (aged 0–5 years) were assessed using the Battelle Developmental Inventory. Results indicated that 17?% of the participants had a general developmental delay for their age group. This was especially true for scores on cognitive development (35.5?%) and communication (21.5?%). Moreover, the number of children with developmental delay increased at 6 months of age and continued to increase after 1 year in the communication and cognitive domains. The findings of this study suggest that impoverished social contexts—such as the one studied herein—offer opportunities that favor the development of the social domain, but restrict the development of the cognitive domain. Therefore, to promote cognitive development, individuals within children’s environment need to actively and intentionally stimulate them. Thus, there is a need for interventions that will improve environmental conditions; especially those that will help parents improve their caregiving practices and train educational staff to recognize and respond to the stimulation needs of children, especially those developmental domains that are affected by the environment. 相似文献
117.
Ivan Padrón Maria Jose Rodrigo Manuel De Vega 《European Journal of Developmental Psychology》2016,13(2):241-253
Cognitive and dual-processes models, involving cognitive and socio-emotional components, for adolescents’ risky behaviour have been proposed. This study tested their predictions by manipulating the presence or absence of feedback about gains and losses in health and peer popularity in a decision-making task with peers. Risky (e.g., taking or refusing a drug) and ambiguous decisions (e.g., eating hamburger or hotdog) were examined in 256 adolescents (aged 13–14; 15–16; 17–18) and young adults (aged 19–20). Participants made more risky choices and required less decision time when receiving feedback about the negative consequences on health and positive consequences on peer popularity. Decision times were comparatively larger for risky than for safe options in late adolescence and young adulthood. Results supported the dual-processes model showing that, though late cognitive changes were observed that could eventually lead to the selection of safe options, feedback gains in peer popularity outweighed unhealthy consequences leading to risky decisions. 相似文献
118.
Meyer John P. Espinoza Jose A. Vaters Chelsea Anderson Brittney K. Beletski Leonid V. 《Motivation and emotion》2022,46(4):486-507
Motivation and Emotion - Within self-determination theory, motivation has been treated as a unidimensional (autonomy continuum) and multidimensional (types of motivation) construct. We propose that... 相似文献
119.
Villarejo C Fernández-Aranda F Jiménez-Murcia S Peñas-Lledó E Granero R Penelo E Tinahones FJ Sancho C Vilarrasa N Montserrat-Gil de Bernabé M Casanueva FF Fernández-Real JM Frühbeck G De la Torre R Treasure J Botella C Menchón JM 《European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association》2012,20(3):250-254
120.
Cunillera T Fuentemilla L Periañez J Marco-Pallarès J Krämer UM Càmara E Münte TF Rodríguez-Fornells A 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2012,12(1):16-33
In this study, we sought to dissociate event-related potentials (ERPs) and the oscillatory activity associated with signals
indicating feedback about performance (outcome-based behavioral adjustment) and the signals indicating the need to change
or maintain a task set (rule-based behavioral adjustment). With this purpose in mind, we noninvasively recorded electroencephalographic
signals, using a modified version of the Wisconsin card sorting task, in which feedback processing and task switching could
be studied separately. A similar late positive component was observed for the switch and correct feedback signals on the first
trials of a series, but feedback-related negativity was observed only for incorrect feedback. Moreover, whereas theta power
showed a significant increase after a switch cue and after the first positive feedback of a new series, a selective frontal
beta–gamma increase was observed exclusively in the first positive feedback (i.e., after the selection of the new rule). Importantly,
for the switch cue, beta–alpha activity was suppressed rather than increased. This clear dissociation between the cue and
feedback stimuli in task switching emphasizes the need to accurately study brain oscillatory activity to disentangle the role
of different cognitive control processes. 相似文献