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941.
António L. Palmeira Teresa L. Branco Sandra C. Martins Cláudia S. Minderico Marlene N. Silva Paulo N. Vieira José T. Barata Sidónio O. Serpa Luís B. Sardinha Pedro J. Teixeira 《Body image》2010,7(3):187-193
This study reports on outcomes from a behavioral obesity treatment program, evaluating if treatment-related changes in body image and psychological well-being are predictors of weight change during treatment and after follow-up. Participants were 142 overweight/obese women (BMI = 30.2 ± 3.7 kg/m2; age = 38.3 ± 5.8 years) participants in a behavioral treatment program consisting of a 4-month treatment period and a 12-month follow-up. Psychosocial variables improved during treatment and these changes were correlated with 4-month weight reduction. Short-term changes in body size dissatisfaction (p = .002) and mood (p = .003) predicted long-term weight loss. Additional results suggest that there might be a predictive role of short-term changes in body size dissatisfaction and self-esteem on long-term weight loss after accounting for initial weight change (p < .028). We conclude that, along with weight changes, cognitive and affect-related processes influenced during obesity treatment may be related long-term success, in some cases independently of initial weight loss. 相似文献
942.
Manuel Vargas 《Metaphilosophy》2005,36(4):460-475
Abstract: I examine the extent to which Dennett's account in Freedom Evolves might be construed as revisionist about free will or should instead be understood as a more traditional kind of compatibilism. I also consider Dennett's views about philosophical work on free agency and its relationship to scientific inquiry, and I argue that extant philosophical work is more relevant to scientific inquiry than Dennett's remarks may suggest. 相似文献
943.
The aim of this paper is to analyze time‐asymmetric quantum mechanics with respect to the problems of irreversibility and of time’s arrow. We begin with arguing that both problems are conceptually different. Then, we show that, contrary to a common opinion, the theory’s ability to describe irreversible quantum processes is not a consequence of the semigroup evolution laws expressing the non‐time‐reversal invariance of the theory. Finally, we argue that time‐asymmetric quantum mechanics, either in Prigogine’s version or in Bohm’s version, does not solve the problem of the arrow of time because it does not supply a substantial and theoretically founded criterion for distinguishing between the two directions of time. 相似文献
944.
Sufficient conditions for uniqueness in Candecomp/Parafac and Indscal with random component matrices
A key feature of the analysis of three-way arrays by Candecomp/Parafac is the essential uniqueness of the trilinear decomposition.
We examine the uniqueness of the Candecomp/Parafac and Indscal decompositions. In the latter, the array to be decomposed has
symmetric slices. We consider the case where two component matrices are randomly sampled from a continuous distribution, and
the third component matrix has full column rank. In this context, we obtain almost sure sufficient uniqueness conditions for
the Candecomp/Parafac and Indscal models separately, involving only the order of the three-way array and the number of components
in the decomposition. Both uniqueness conditions are closer to necessity than the classical uniqueness condition by Kruskal.
Part of this research was supported by (1) the Flemish Government: (a) Research Council K.U. Leuven: GOA-MEFISTO-666, GOA-Ambiorics,
(b) F.W.O. project G.0240.99, (c) F.W.O. Research Communities ICCoS and ANMMM, (d) Tournesol project T2004.13; and (2) the
Belgian Federal Science Policy Office: IUAP P5/22. Lieven De Lathauwer holds a permanent research position with the French
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S.). He also holds an honorary research position with the K.U. Leuven,
Leuven, Belgium. 相似文献
945.
María Jos Rodrigo Angela Gonzlez Manuel Ato Guacimara Rodríguez Manuel de Vega Mercedes Muetn 《Infant and child development》2006,15(1):1-17
This study looks at whether there is a relationship between mother and infant gesture production. Specifically, it addresses the extent of articulation in the maternal gesture repertoire and how closely it supports the infant production of gestures. Eight Spanish mothers and their 1‐ and 2‐year‐old babies were studied during 1 year of observations. Maternal and child verbal production, gestures and actions were recorded at their homes on five occasions while performing daily routines. Results indicated that mother and child deictic gestures (pointing and instrumental) and representational gestures (symbolic and social) were very similar at each age group and did not decline across groups. Overall, deictic gestures were more frequent than representational gestures. Maternal adaptation to developmental changes is specific for gesturing but not for acting. Maternal and child speech were related positively to mother and child pointing and representational gestures, and negatively to mother and child instrumental gestures. Mother and child instrumental gestures were positively related to action production, after maternal and child speech was partialled out. Thus, language plays an important role for dyadic communicative activities (gesture–gesture relations) but not for dyadic motor activities (gesture–action relations). Finally, a comparison of the growth curves across sessions showed a closer correspondence for mother–child deictic gestures than for representational gestures. Overall, the results point to the existence of an articulated maternal gesture input that closely supports the child gesture production. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
946.
Manuel Vargas 《Philosophical Studies》2006,127(3):351-382
In this article I propose a resolution to the history issue for responsible agency, given a moderate revisionist approach to responsibility. Roughly, moderate revisionism is the view that a plausible and normatively adequate theory of
responsibility will require principled departures from commonsense thinking. The history issue is whether morally responsible
agency – that is, whether an agent is an apt target of our responsibility-characteristic practices and attitudes – is an essentially
historical notion. Some have maintained that responsible agents must have particular sorts of histories, others have argued
that no such history is required. Resolution of this contentious issue is connected to a wide range of concerns, including
the significance and culpability of different forms of manipulation, the plausibility of important incompatibilist criticisms
of compatibilism, and of course, a satisfactory account of moral responsibility. As it turns out, history matters sometimes,
but less frequently than we might think. 相似文献
947.
Nicolas Favez Hervé Tissot France Frascarolo 《European Journal of Developmental Psychology》2019,16(1):113-121
The Lausanne Trilogue Play (LTP) is a widely used laboratory situation designed for the systematic observation of mother-father-infant interactions for clinical and research purposes. Nevertheless, its ecological validity has never been tested. In this exploratory study, 49 primiparous parents with their 3-month-old infants were assessed by questionnaires to determine the extent to which their behaviour in the LTP was typical, that is, representative of everyday interactions. Results show that (a) most of the parents assessed their behaviour as typical and (b) the quality of triadic interactions was linked with parents’ assessment of the typicality of the infant’s behaviour. 相似文献
948.
Margaret M. Harvey Timothy J. Petersen Julia C. Sager Nita J. Makhija-Graham Edward C. Wright Erika L. Clark Lauren M. Laifer Lauren K. Richards Louis K. Chow Louisa G. Sylvia René M. Lento Laura K. Harward Joan Clowes Valerie Brathwaite Laura K. Lakin Noah D. Silverberg Grant L. Iverson Eric Bui Naomi M. Simon 《Cognitive and behavioral practice》2019,26(2):323-334
Post-9/11 service members may return from military service with a complicated set of symptoms and conditions, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, substance misuse, and traumatic brain injury (TBI), that interfere with reintegration and impair functioning. Although evidence-based treatments that facilitate recovery exist, their successful delivery at a sufficient dose is limited. Barriers to accessing treatment combined with challenges compiling a comprehensive treatment team further delay delivery of effective evidence-based care for PTSD, TBI, and co-occurring mental health conditions. This paper describes the development of a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, 2-week intensive day program for post-9/11 veterans with complex mental health concerns. The treatment program combines skill building groups, family education, and integrative health approaches with evidence-based individual PTSD or TBI care. Initial results from the first 132 participants were notable for a 97% completion rate, as well as statistically significant and clinically meaningful reductions in PTSD, neurobehavioral, and depression symptom severity for the 107 veterans who completed the PTSD track and the 21 who completed the TBI track. These data suggest the intensive program approach is an effective, well-tolerated model of treatment for post-9/11 veterans with PTSD and/or TBI. Future controlled studies should examine the effectiveness of this intensive model compared to standard evidence-based therapy delivery, as well as longitudinal outcomes. 相似文献
949.
The recognition of iconic correspondence between signal and referent has been argued to bootstrap the acquisition and emergence of language. Here, we study the ontogeny, and to some extent the phylogeny, of the ability to spontaneously relate iconic signals, gestures, and/or vocalizations, to previous experience. Children at 18, 24, and 36 months of age (N = 216) and great apes (N = 13) interacted with two apparatuses, each comprising a distinct action and sound. Subsequently, an experimenter mimicked either the action, the sound, or both in combination to refer to one of the apparatuses. Experiments 1 and 2 found no spontaneous comprehension in great apes and in 18‐month‐old children. At 24 months of age, children were successful with a composite vocalization‐gesture signal but not with either vocalization or gesture alone. At 36 months, children succeeded both with a composite vocalization‐gesture signal and with gesture alone, but not with vocalization alone. In general, gestures were understood better compared to vocalizations. Experiment 4 showed that gestures were understood irrespective of how children learned about the corresponding action (through observation or self‐experience). This pattern of results demonstrates that iconic signals can be a powerful way to establish reference in the absence of language, but they are not trivial for children to comprehend and not all iconic signals are created equal. 相似文献
950.
Joaquin Manuel Gonzlez‐Cabrera Ana Len‐Mejía Juan Manuel Machimbarrena Angel Balea Esther Calvete 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2019,60(2):160-168
This study explores the psychometric properties of the Cyberbullying Triangulation Questionnaire (CTQ), which measures and triangulates the roles of cybervictimization, cyberaggression, and cyberbystanding. The study sample was composed of 5,036 Spanish students with a mean age of 14.19 years (SD = ±1.7; range = 10–23 years). Confirmatory factor analysis of the three correlated‐factor model yielded a high goodness of fit. Reliability as measured by Omega coefficients was adequate (>0.94). The measurement model was invariant for the two age groups (10–14 years and 15–23 years). Cybervictimization and cyberaggression correlated with offline victimization and aggression (r = 0.49; p < 0.001; r = 0.57; p < 0.001, respectively). The results show that the most prevalent cyberbystanding subrole was that of the Defender of the Victim (54.6%), and that cyberaggression and cyberbystanding were more prevalent among male adolescents (p < 0.001). The lack of parental control over children's use of the mobile phone was associated with cyberaggression (p < 0.001). 相似文献