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251.
Jorge Canestri M.D. 《Forum der Psychoanalyse》2012,28(1):3-9
In this article some general thoughts on the application of language in psychoanalysis and psychotherapy will be expressed against the background of the most recent findings in linguistics, neurolinguistics and neuroscience. The conclusion is that consideration of the subsymbolic/symbolic linguistic development of a child and the affective coordination between child and environment is of fundamental importance in the psychotherapeutic relationship. 相似文献
252.
Serrano Selva JP Latorre Postigo JM Ros Segura L Navarro Bravo B Aguilar Córcoles MJ Nieto López M Ricarte Trives JJ Gatz M 《Psicothema》2012,24(2):224-229
The aim of this experiment was to examine the efficacy of life review based on autobiographical retrieval practice for treating depression in older adults. Thirty-seven clinically depressed older adults aged 64-83, who were also receiving pharmacological treatment, were randomly assigned to life review therapy or to a placebo condition with supportive therapy. Results indicated decreased depression for both conditions, with no significant differences between the two therapies. There was some indication of greater gain in production of specific memories among those in life review therapy. Patients who produced higher numbers of specific memories decreased their depression scores at a faster rate. 相似文献
253.
In this research work, we contribute with a behaviour learning process for a hierarchical Bayesian framework for multimodal active perception, devised to be emergent, scalable and adaptive. This framework is composed by models built upon a common spatial configuration for encoding perception and action that is naturally fitting for the integration of readings from multiple sensors, using a Bayesian approach devised in previous work. The proposed learning process is shown to reproduce goal-dependent human-like active perception behaviours by learning model parameters (referred to as "attentional sets") for different free-viewing and active search tasks. Learning was performed by presenting several 3D audiovisual virtual scenarios using a head-mounted display, while logging the spatial distribution of fixations of the subject (in 2D, on left and right images, and in 3D space), data which are consequently used as the training set for the framework. As a consequence, the hierarchical Bayesian framework adequately implements high-level behaviour resulting from low-level interaction of simpler building blocks by using the attentional sets learned for each task, and is able to change these attentional sets "on the fly," allowing the implementation of goal-dependent behaviours (i.e., top-down influences). 相似文献
254.
Carlos M Coelho Jorge A Santos Jorge Silvério Carlos F Silva 《Cyberpsychology & behavior》2006,9(3):336-341
We present a study with 10 subjects being exposed to three sessions of simulated heights in a virtual reality (VR) system. Among the participants we highlight a 66-year-old man blind in his left eye. The participants show significant progress in anxiety, avoidance, and behavior measurements when confronted with real height circumstances. The results obtained 1 year later at follow-up are statistically significant in the Behavioral Avoidance Test (BAT) and the Attitudes Toward Heights Questionnaire (ATHQ), but not the Acrophobia Questionnaire (AQ). 相似文献
255.
In a recent experiment (Lewicki et al., 1988) subjects were submitted to a four-choice RT paradigm for 3600 trials. On each of the successive logical blocks of five trials, the first two locations of the target were randomly distributed, and the last three locations were determined by complex rules. Although subjects were unable to verbalize the actual nature of the manipulation, performance on the last trials of each block improved at a faster rate and was better overall than performance on the first trials. In addition, subsequent rules changes on 480 additional trials only affected performance on the last three trials of each block. The present paper demonstrates that contrary to Lewicki et al's assertions this performance pattern requires neither acquisition of tacit knowledge of the composition rules, nor partitioning by the subjects of the sequence into logical blocks of five trials. Rather, the results can be accounted for by the relative frequency of a few simple sequences of target locations. Moreover, this alternative explanation alone correctly anticipates some striking features of fine-grained performance (Lewicki et al., 1988). The discussion focuses on methodological implications of these findings for investigation of unconscious learning, and speculates on what and how people learn when they encounter a complex and structured situation. 相似文献
256.
Jorge L. Mendoza 《Psychometrika》1980,45(4):495-498
The paper obtains a maximum likelihood criterion test for multisample sphericity. The test contains Mauchly's sphericity test as a special case.I would like to thank Professor R. E. Bargmann for his most valuable help. 相似文献
257.
Felicity Brock Kelcourse M.Min. M.Phil. Barry Ulanov Claude Barbre Margaret Klenk M.Div. Kathleen Ford C.S.W. Stephen L. Cook Ph.D. Mark Finn Ph.D. Robert W. Gunn D.Min. S. J. Angelo Paiano Melissa A. Gallivan Robert W. Gunn D.Min. Jill Carlen Kirby M.S.Ed. C.S.W. Jorge L. Abreu C.S.W. Jill Carlen Kirby M.S.Ed. C.S.W. Donald F. Dal Maso C.S.W. Irwin B. Blatt Ph.D. Ella Fitzgerald 《Journal of religion and health》1996,35(3):255-277
258.
Studied experimentally the influence of norms and sex of subjects on aggressive behaviour in same sex dyads. Two hypotheses were tested: (1) subjects will react aggressively to an unpleasant state of affairs, if they interpret it as being the result of violation of a norm on the part of another; (2) female subjects will display more aggression than male subjects under conditions of repeated provocation while male subjects will be more aggressive under conditions of infrequent or no provocation. In a 2 × 2 × 2 complete factorial design (norm violation versus norm enforcement; male versus female; low versus high reward for performance) 20 same sex pairs of students performed alternatively a sensory-motor task (victim) and a shock delivery task (aggressor). As predicted, subjects who consider other's behaviour to be a norm violation aggress more often (p <.0001). A significant interaction between sex of subject and norm violation is found in support for the second hypothesis (p <.05). It is concluded that positions grounded on the S-R paradigm are misleading for the understanding of sex differences in aggression. 相似文献
259.
Jorge J.E. Gracia 《Metaphilosophy》2002,33(5):535-551
This article argues for two theses. The first is that many of the sociological factors endemic in the philosophical community function as barriers to the recruitment of members of minority groups in the profession and to their functioning as public intellectuals. The division into familial groups, the fights for security and success, and the weakness of the federal organization of the American Philosophical Association all contribute to these barriers. The second is that sociology has a place in philosophy, even though it should not be confused with it. This means that philosophers need to consider social phenomena. 相似文献
260.
This study explores accounts and reasons for engaging in HIV risk-taking behaviors reported by heterosexual men in methadone treatment programs in the Harlem section of New York City. A convenience sample of 62 men who reported having abused their female partners in the past 12 months participated in 10 focus groups. Data analysis revealed four types of HIV risky accounts, which we labeled nihilistic, hedonistic, fatalistic, and normative. The accounts were rarely found in isolation, but were delivered in rich “performative” constellations. We conclude that normative accounts in particular have important implications for HIV prevention. They show that the (hetero)sexual act is interactive “hard work” to say the least, and condoms have no role interrupting it. In the end, the risks of losing masculine face before a female partner are very much prioritized over long-run HIV risks. 相似文献