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171.
172.
Jorge G. Garcia Jeff DiNardo Maria Inmaculada Lopez Nuñez Diona Emmanuel Christian D. Chan 《Journal of multicultural counseling and development》2020,48(4):271-287
This article is an attempt to integrate existing conceptual knowledge on acculturation as well as to expand the use of the construct, which has traditionally had race and ethnicity as its focus, to also include cultural identities such as sexual orientation, gender identity, nationality, and disability. The article begins with a review of existing theoretical contributions from both the United States and Europe. We then propose a model to update and expand the use of acculturation. Finally, we provide an assessment framework. Este artículo es un intento de integrar los conocimientos conceptuales existentes sobre la aculturación además de expandir el uso de este constructo, que tradicionalmente se ha enfocado hacia la raza y la etnicidad, para incluir también identidades culturales tales como la orientación sexual, la identidad de sexo, la nacionalidad y la discapacidad. El artículo comienza con una revisión de las contribuciones teóricas existentes tanto de Estados Unidos como de Europa. A continuación, proponemos un modelo para actualizar y expandir el uso de la aculturación. Por último, proporcionamos un marco de evaluación. 相似文献
173.
This is a study of a group of physicians' reflections about their communication with patients. Using an applied psychoanalytic framework for self-inquiry in groups, the authors summarize their findings and provide a model for others to use. They describe their method of conducting and studying three physician groups. The authors identify six essential dynamics within groups and illustrate the dynamics with examples of physician reflections. They summarize further their observations about the composition, dominant themes, and phases of development for each group. The intent of the self-inquiry groups—to clarify physicians' habits and thought patterns about patients—is upheld in the report's conclusion, in which the authors report participants' evaluation of their learning experience. Recommendations are made for analysts to apply the model in work with general physicians. 相似文献
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Michael A. Zárate Moira Shaw Jorge A. Marquez David Biagas 《Journal of experimental social psychology》2012,48(3):634-645
Throughout the world, immigration and the ensuing political reactions have become dominant social problems in the 21st century. One contributor to these problems includes the continual social change. In the United States, ethnic minority populations are growing while the White majority is becoming proportionally smaller. It is proposed that change, in and of itself, can produce intergroup tension. Here, the concept of cultural inertia is introduced as one contributor to intergroup prejudice. Cultural inertia entails a resistance to change, unless change is already occurring. Change is perceived differently across groups as a function of how well the groups already match the current dominant culture. Cultural inertia causes differential preferences for cultural change as a function of the extent to which people identify with a cultural group, their sense of esteem for a cultural group, and the perception that a culture is (or is not) already changing. Three studies manipulated participants' perception of cultural change and show that cultural change influences inter-group prejudice, group esteem, and engagement with the culture. The implications of cultural inertia for models of intercultural ideologies are discussed. 相似文献
178.
Jorge M. Escobar 《Synthese》2012,185(1):53-72
The purpose of this paper is to offer a critical approach to the theory of autopoiesis in order to see how it challenges mainstream
Darwinism. In the first part of the paper, I characterize Darwinism from the concepts of natural selection, heredity, reproduction,
and evolution. This characterization is absolutely schematic, and I hope not controversial at all, since my aim is to provide
a general background for the discussion of the rest of the paper. The second part presents the main tenets of the theory of
autopoiesis, also paying special attention to the concepts of natural selection, heredity, reproduction, and evolution. The
third and final part considers some criticisms that have been directed against the theory and suggests some new ones. As I
said, my intention is to offer a critical approach, so that I pretend to assess neither autopoiesis nor Darwinism. The assessment,
it seems to me, would be a matter of scientific debate—not properly of philosophy. Therefore, given that my approach attempts
to be a conceptual clarification, my contribution to the contemporary debate about Darwinism is twofold. On the one hand,
I show that conceptually autopoiesis constitutes an important challenge to Darwinism, but on the other, I also show that some fundamental aspects
of the theory appear to be both epistemologically and empirically problematic, which perhaps helps to understand why autopoiesis
is not widely accepted in mainstream Darwinism. 相似文献
179.
Vala J Pereira CR Oliveira Lima ME Leyens JP 《Personality & social psychology bulletin》2012,38(4):491-504
Within the framework of intergroup relations, the authors analyzed the time people spent evaluating ingroup and outgroup members. They hypothesized that White participants take longer to evaluate White targets than Black targets. In four experiments, White participants were slower to form impressions of White than of Black people; that is, they showed an intergroup time bias (ITB). In Study 1 (N = 60), the ITB correlated with implicit prejudice and homogeneity. Study 2 (N = 60) showed that the ITB was independent of the type of trait in question (nonstereotypical vs. stereotypical). Study 3 (N = 100) demonstrated that ITB correlates with racism measured 3 months beforehand, is independent of motivation to control prejudice, and is not an epiphenomenon of homogeneity. In Study 4 (N = 40) participants not only showed the ITB in a racialized social context but also displayed it following a minimal group manipulation. 相似文献
180.
Cecchini Estrada JA Fernández Losa JL Pallasá Manteca M Cecchini Applegatte C 《Psicothema》2012,24(2):205-210
The aim of this study is to analyze the transference process in motor skill learning. For this purpose, 320 boys and girls, with ages ranging from 3 to 12 years (M= 7.61; SD= 2.61), took part in nine object movement reception drills in which the following variables were cross-examined: the presence-absence of displacement (static or in motion), the corporal segments utilized (hands or arms), the movement direction (right or left), and the moving object (volleyball or tennis ball). The results indicate that what is being transferred is the common factor among them, the ocular-kinesthetic regulating system, which is constructed according to a generalized motor program and a predictive strategy of continuous control. The way that individuals group by levels of skill that represent the developmental levels of the aforementioned regulating system can also be observed. Lastly, the results are discussed, and strategies to improve the learning process in sports and physical education are provided. 相似文献