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991.
The present study investigated whether offset cues have the same attentional consequences in the spatial Stroop effect as
onset cues. Experiments 1 and 2 compared the attentional effects of onset–offset cues versus offset cues on the spatial Stroop
effect, whereas Experiment 3 compared the attentional effects of onset versus offset cues. Across these experiments, independent
of cue type (onset–offset or onset vs. offset) and even at long stimulus-onset asynchrony, attentional cueing did not revert
into inhibition of return and was modulated by spatial Stroop with greater cueing effects for incongruent arrow’s direction
and position. In addition, onset–offset or onset and offset cues produced comparable cueing effects in the location-direction
congruent condition, and onset–offset or onset cues produced greater facilitation than offset cues in the incongruent condition.
From a different perspective, peripheral cueing modulated the spatial Stroop effect in the same direction for onset–offset
or onset and offset cues, although the reduction in spatial Stroop at cued locations was smaller with offset than with onset–offset
or onset cues. 相似文献
992.
Seán T. MacDermott Eleonora Gullone J. Sabura Allen Neville J. King Bruce Tonge 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2010,32(3):301-314
There is increased recognition of the importance of children learning how to regulate emotions in a functional and adaptive
manner for healthy psychological development. However, there is a paucity of tools for assessing emotion regulation during
the middle childhood and adolescent years. This study reports on the psychometric evaluation of the 16-item self-report Emotion
Regulation Index for Children and Adolescents (ERICA) involving a sample of 1,389 (768 girls, 621 boys) Australian children
and adolescents aged 9 to 16 years. Convergent validity for the ERICA is reported with measures of self-conscious emotions
(shame, guilt), empathy, childhood depressive symptomatology, and the perceived parenting dimensions of Care and Overprotection.
Construct validity assessment using Principal Components Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis yielded three factors:
(1) Emotional Control, (2) Emotional Self-Awareness, and (3) Situational Responsiveness. The ERICA was also found to have
good internal consistency and to be relatively stable over a four week test-retest period and to be sensitive to age and sex
differences. It is concluded that the ERICA is a psychometrically sound measure for the assessment of the identified key aspects
of emotion regulation in children and adolescents. 相似文献
993.
994.
Using an international dataset of about 35 000 subjects, this paper provides an empirical example of high‐stakes incentives in relation to religious practice. First, we show that incentives (based on absolute belief) play a salient role in religious performance. Second, we find that when both positive (heaven) and negative (hell) incentives are available the former are more effective than the latter. Specifically, it is shown that beliefs in heaven are much more relevant than beliefs in hell when estimating the production of religious commodities (church‐attendance and praying equations). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
995.
María Fernanda García Richard A. Posthuma Manuel Quiñones 《Journal of business and psychology》2010,25(3):523-531
Purpose
To examine the impact of benefit information in recruitment advertisements on job pursuit intentions. 相似文献996.
We (Fu, Dienes, & Fu, 2010) investigated the extent to which people could generate sequences of responses based on knowledge acquired from the Serial Reaction Time task, depending on whether it felt subjectively like the response was based on pure guessing, intuition, conscious rules or memories. Norman and Price (2010) argued that in the context of our task, intuition responses were the same as guessing responses. In reply, we argue that not only do subjects apparently claim to be experiencing different phenomenologies when saying intuition versus guess, but also intuition and guess responses are associated with different behaviors. We found that people could control the knowledge when generating responses felt to be based on intuition but not those felt to be pure guessing. We present further evidence here that triplets associated with intuition but not guessing were also processed fluently. 相似文献
997.
Previous research indicated that people who strongly identify with their own group are more involved in the group's actions. The current study examines the relation between three dimensions of group identification (affect, ties, centrality) and forms of community involvement among members of the Jewish minority in Poland. The strength of ingroup ties predicted involvement in the ethnic minority community. The link between identification and involvement was mediated by the cultural dominance. The reported study was the first quantitative survey of the Jewish community in post‐War Poland. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
998.
Paula I. Santos Eurico Figueiredo Inês Gomes Jorge Sequeiros 《Journal of genetic counseling》2010,19(6):585-592
This study is an investigation of the impact of familial amyloid polyneuropathy type I (FAP I, ATTR V30M) on death anxiety
and symbolic immortality. Templer and Drolet’s scales were administered to 524 individuals: (1) 84 relatives at risk, (2)
92 relatives not at risk for FAP I; and (3) a control group (n = 348) with no known hereditary disease in their families. At-risk relatives had, on average, a higher score for death anxiety
and a lower score for symbolic immortality, than either those not-at-risk or controls. There were no significant differences
in scores on either measure for those not-at-risk versus controls. Being at risk increases death anxiety and threatens the
sense of symbolic immortality and psychosocial wellbeing. This may be true for other serious hereditary disorders as well.
Genetic counsellors should become familiar with these concepts, feel comfortable initiating discussions about death with their
patients, and be able to identify and reinforce their patients’ and family members’ sense of symbolic immortality. 相似文献
999.
Vinícius Ynoe de Moraes Miguel Roberto Jorge Flávio Faloppa João Carlos Belloti 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2010,17(1):31-37
There are few studies on the development of anxiety and depression in orthopaedics and trauma (O&T) inpatients. We designed
a cross-sectional study aimed at comparing the prevalence of depression and anxiety in 100 O&T inpatients and 100 clinical
inpatients in the same hospital. O&T patients were divided into subgroups: trauma and non-trauma (arthroplasty, tumour, and
infection sub grouping). We measured anxiety and depression by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and co-morbidities
by the Charlson age-adjusted comorbidity index (CCI). For the trauma subgroup, AO/OTA fracture classification and Gustillo
and Anderson grade of open fractures classification was applied. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 35% and 28%, respectively for the clinical sample, and 44% and 33% for the O&T
sample. Compared with the clinical sample, anxiety scores were higher in the O&T sample (p = .047), and in arthroplasty (p = .020) and trauma subgroups (p = .031). In the O&T sample, high CCI scores were associated with high anxiety scores (p = .033). 相似文献
1000.
A. Huerta-Rivas G. Pérez-García C. González-Espinosa A. Meneses 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2010,93(1):99-110
Growing evidence indicates that antagonists of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor6 (5-HT6) improve memory and reverse amnesia although the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Hence, in this paper RT-PCR was used to evaluate changes in mRNA expression of 5-HT6 receptor in trained and untrained rats treated with the 5-HT6 receptor antagonist SB-399885 and amnesic drugs scopolamine or dizocilpine. Changes in mRNA expression of 5-HT6 receptor were investigated at different times in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum. Data indicated that memory in the Pavlovian/instrumental autoshaping task was a progressive process associated to reduced mRNA expression of 5-HT6 receptor in the three structures examined. SB-399885 improved long-term memory at 48 h, while the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine or the non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist dizocilpine impaired it at 24 h. Autoshaping training and treatment with SB-399885 increased 5-HT6 receptor mRNA expression in (maximum increase) prefrontal cortex and striatum, 24 or 48 h. The scopolamine-induced amnesia suppressed 5-HT6 receptor mRNA expression while the dizocilpine-induced amnesia did not modify 5-HT6 receptor mRNA expression. SB-399885 and scopolamine or dizocilpine were able to reestablish memory and 5-HT6 receptor mRNA expression. These data confirmed previous memory evidence and of more interest is the observation that training, SB-399885 and amnesic drugs modulated 5-HT6 receptor mRNA expression in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum. Further investigation in different memory tasks, times and amnesia models together with more complex control groups might provide further clues. 相似文献