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921.
Miguel Ángel Muñoz Ma Isabel Viedma-del-Jesus Ma Carmen Fernández-Santaella Ma Isabel Peralta-Ramírez Antonio Cepeda-Benito Jaime Vila 《Motivation and emotion》2010,34(1):93-103
Smoking cues that increase craving are subjectively described by smokers as pleasant rather than unpleasant. However, it remains
controversial whether the motivational nature of these smoking cues is consistent with an appetitive or aversion-relief model
of tobacco craving. In the two studies presented here, the Bioinformational model of emotion proposed by Lang was used to
address this issue. In study I, 40 smokers (10 males) assessed a set of tobacco-related pictures and a subset of standard
pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant pictures in order to examine how craving relates to the three general dimensions of emotion:
valence, arousal, and dominance. Results showed that the tobacco-related images were all assessed as appetitive, and craving
was correlated positively with valence (r = .863, p < .0001) and arousal (r = .923, p < .0001) and negatively with dominance (r = −.504, p < .002). In study II, 24 female abstinent smokers were examined using Lang’s startle modulation paradigm in order to assess
whether tobacco-related pictures, compared to standard pleasant and unpleasant ones, inhibited the startle response, consistent
with an appetitive model of tobacco craving. Contrary to expectations, the startle response during visualization of tobacco-related
pictures was more similar in magnitude to the response to unpleasant than to pleasant images, a finding inconsistent with
an appetitive model of tobacco craving. 相似文献
922.
Eastern forms of meditation have been widely studied for their effectiveness in stress management (Walsh and Shapiro American Psychologist 61:227–239, 2006). Yet few empirical studies have been conducted on the health effects of Judeo-Christian contemplative prayer practices.
This study contributes to research in this underdeveloped area by exploring the outcome of a contemporary form of Christian
meditation called Centering Prayer (Keating 1986) on everyday stress and on Christians’ approach to communicating with God. The impact of 10 weekly 2-hour group sessions
and individual practice of Centering Prayer 2-times daily by 15 Roman Catholic congregants was hypothesized to decrease participants’
stress and increase their collaborative relationship with God (Pargament et al. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 27:90–104, 1988). Pre-post quantitative and qualitative data on Centering Prayer versus comparison groups supported the hypothesis. 相似文献
923.
Addiction to and problematic use of the Internet are relatively recent phenomena whose scope, characteristics and correlates have begun to receive increasing attention by clinicians and researchers alike. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between time spent connected to the Internet and the variables that indicate a pathological and addictive use of this technological resource. The sample was comprised of 1,301 university students of both sexes (927 women and 374 men), with ages ranging from 18 to 30 years old. The results showed that, although most people use the Internet appropriately, users who invest higher quantities of time in the Internet more frequently exhibit connection behavior that is controlled through negative reinforcement, a high degree of arousal when online, loss of control over connection behavior, changes in health-related habits, and interference in the social, family, academic, or work spheres. These findings suggest that excessive Internet use is associated with the onset of several problems that are similar to those associated with other behavioral and technological addictions. 相似文献
924.
925.
Manuel Alonso-Dos-Santos Orlando Llanos-Contreras María José Ibáñez-Caamaño Pablo Farias-Nazel 《Journal of Consumer Behaviour》2023,22(4):971-984
Understanding how family firms can use their family image to their advantage in communication strategies is an opportunity for business continuity. This study identifies the effects of family hotels' corporate brand strategy through radio advertising on customer perceptions and attitudes using family image communication literature and radio advertising research. Online experiment using radio ads from these hotels and a survey of 1002 participants from Chile and Spain were conducted. The results suggest that strategies improving the firm's ability to communicate the family image results in better consumer response in terms of expectation, perceived quality, visit intention, and willingness to pay more. We conclude that radio ads are an effective channel for communicating family firm images. Managers can take advantage of monetizing the benefits of family firm images through radio ads. 相似文献
926.
The spatial distribution of behavior under varying frequencies of temporally scheduled water delivery 下载免费PDF全文
Two studies evaluated the effects of response-independent water deliveries on the location (on the floor of the experimental chamber) and position (height) of rats' behavior. In both experiments, fixed-time schedules delivered water in two dispensers that were located at opposite ends of the chamber. In Experiment 1, the two schedules provided complementary frequencies of water deliveries while the overall number of deliveries stayed constant. In Experiment 2, one of the schedules delivered water twice as frequently as the other; this proportion was kept constant while the overall density of water deliveries changed systematically. In both experiments, a single position (height) of behavior was dominant. Also, the percentage of time allocated to each dispenser was roughly proportional to the percentage of water deliveries associated with the dispensers. These data and additional considerations support the importance of examining the spatial properties and patterning of behavior. 相似文献
927.
928.
Corsi's Block-tapping Test has been a clinically useful test of visuospatial memory. Participants (15 men, 15 women) completed an automated and a manual version of the Block-tapping Test, the findings for which suggest that the automated and manual versions gave very similar scores. 相似文献
929.
930.
Evan Weingarten Kristen Duke Wendy Liu Rebecca W. Hamilton On Amir Gil Appel Moran Cerf Joseph K. Goodman Andrea C. Morales Ed O’Brien Jordi Quoidbach Monic Sun 《Journal of Consumer Psychology》2023,33(1):97-106
Extant literature suggests that consumers derive more happiness from experiences (e.g., vacations) than from material possessions (e.g., furniture). However, this literature typically pits material against experiential consumption, treating them as a single bipolar construct of their relative dominance: more material or more experiential. This focus on relative dominance leaves unanswered questions regarding how different levels of material and experiential qualities each contribute to happiness. Four preregistered studies (N = 3,288), using hundreds of product categories, measured levels of material and experiential qualities using two unipolar items. These studies investigate recalled, evoked, and anticipated happiness. Results show a more nuanced view of the experiential advantage that is critical for future research and consumer theory: material and experiential qualities both have positive relationships with happiness. Further, there is no inherent trade-off between experiential and material qualities: consumers can enjoy consumption that is high on both (e.g., swimming pools and home improvements). 相似文献