排序方式: 共有46条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Maarten Vansteenkiste Bart Duriez Joke Simons Bart Soenens 《Journal of applied social psychology》2006,36(12):2892-2908
According to an environmental‐match perspective regarding the content of values ( Sagiv & Schwartz, 2000 ), extrinsic or materialistic values should positively predict well‐being in populations in which extrinsic values match the environmentally promoted values (e.g., among business students). However, other value researchers ( Kasser & Ahuvia, 2002 ) disagree with these claims. Although the present study shows that business students ascribe higher importance to extrinsic values than do education students, the negative relation of extrinsic values with well‐being and the positive relation with internal distress and substance use was not moderated by the department to which students belonged. Finally, mediational analyses revealed that value orientations could account for the fact that business students report lower well‐being and higher substance use in comparison to education students. 相似文献
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Klumpers UM Tulen JH Timmerman L Fekkes D Loonen AJ Boomsma F 《Psychological reports》2004,94(2):408-410
The purpose of this study was to investigate psychological, cardiovascular, and neuroendocrine reactivity to standardized stress tests (orthostatic challenge, Stroop Color Word Test) in drug-free adult women with chronic PTSD due to repetitive childhood sexual abuse. At baseline, the 11 patients showed significantly higher mean scores on the Symptom Check List-90 and the Profile of Mood States than 13 healthy female controls, whereas baseline cardiovascular or hormonal parameters showed no differences between the groups. Also, no significant differences were found between the two groups in cardiovascular and hormonal responsivity to the stress tests. Thus, in the presence of robust psychological differences, the patients with chronic PTSD due to childhood sexual abuse did not show alterations in baseline values of neurobiological parameters, nor did they react differently to a physical and mental stress test when compared to healthy controls. 相似文献
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Volkers AC Tulen JH Duivenvoorden HJ Gieteling MJ Wegewijs-De Jong M Van Den Broek WW Passchier J Pepplinkhuizen L 《Journal of personality》2002,70(2):233-248
The effects of personality dimensions, age, and gender on 24-hour motor activity patterns were studied in 101 healthy subjects between 20-70 years. We measured motor activity by wrist-actigraphy and personality dimensions by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) of Cloninger. Random Regression Models were used to estimate the effects of personality dimensions, age, and gender on the diurnal pattern of motor activity. Harm Avoidance as well as Reward Dependence influenced the overall level of motor activity, independent of age and gender. Subjects high on Harm Avoidance showed lower activity levels than subjects low on Harm Avoidance, whereas subjects high on Reward Dependence had higher overall levels of motor activity than subjects low on Reward Dependence. Older subjects were found to be less active than younger subjects, but the activity level did not differ between males and females. 相似文献
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A validation of eye movements as a measure of elementary school children's developing number sense 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michael Schneider Angela Heine Verena Thaler Joke Torbeyns Bert De Smedt Lieven Verschaffel Arthur M. Jacobs Elsbeth Stern 《Cognitive development》2008,23(3):409-422
The number line estimation task captures central aspects of children's developing number sense, that is, their intuitions for numbers and their interrelations. Previous research used children's answer patterns and verbal reports as evidence of how they solve this task. In the present study we investigated to what extent eye movements recorded during task solution reflect children's use of the number line. By means of a cross-sectional design with 66 children from Grades 1, 2, and 3, we show that eye-tracking data (a) reflect grade-related increase in estimation competence, (b) are correlated with the accuracy of manual answers, (c) relate, in Grade 2, to children's addition competence, (d) are systematically distributed over the number line, and (e) replicate previous findings concerning children's use of counting strategies and orientation-point strategies. These findings demonstrate the validity and utility of eye-tracking data for investigating children's developing number sense and estimation competence. 相似文献
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Angela Heine Sascha Tamm Bert De Smedt Michael Schneider Verena Thaler Joke Torbeyns 《Child neuropsychology》2013,19(5):461-477
Sixty-six primary school children were selected, of which 21 scored low on a standardized math achievement test, 23 were normal, and 22 high achievers. In a numerical Stroop experiment, children were asked to make numerical and physical size comparisons on digit pairs. The effects of congruity and numerical distance were determined. All children exhibited congruity and distance effects in the numerical comparison. In the physical comparison, children of all performance groups showed Stroop effects when the numerical distance between the digits was large but failed to show them when the distance was small. Numerical distance effects depended on the congruity condition, with a typical effect of distance in the congruent, and a reversed distance effect in the incongruent condition. Our results are hard to reconcile with theories that suggest that deficits in the automaticity of numerical processing can be related to differential math achievement levels. Immaturity in the precision of mappings between numbers and their numerical magnitudes might be better suited to explain the Stroop effects in children. However, as the results for the high achievers demonstrate, in addition to numerical processing capacity per se, domain-general functions might play a crucial role in Stroop performance, too. 相似文献
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Joke Catharina van Nieuw Amerongen-Meeuse Hanneke Schaap-Jonker Carmen Schuhmann Christa Anbeek Arjan W. Braam 《Mental health, religion & culture》2013,16(7):737-752
ABSTRACTIn Western countries, professionals in mental health care (“professionals”) tend to be less religious than “consumers”. This qualitative study explores the meaning of this “religiosity gap” for professionals and consumers in mental health care. Both a regular, secular and a Christian clinic in the Netherlands participated in this study. Content analysis was applied to 35 consumer interviews and 18 interviews with professionals. Consumers reported negative experiences (e.g., perceived disrespect and a lack of confidence) and/or negative expectations (e.g., misunderstanding and misinterpretation) related to a religiosity gap. They also mentioned advantages of a “religiosity match”, like safety and confidence and appreciated professionals’ religious/spiritual self-disclosure. Professionals in secular care setting tended to avoid religion and spirituality. In both clinics, they tended to neutralise religious/spiritual differences and be reticent in self-disclosure. Professionals are recommended to recognise the relevance of a religiosity gap and to consider different strategies in approaching religion/spirituality. 相似文献
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Liesbet Boone Bart Soenens Athanasios Mouratidis Maarten Vansteenkiste Joke Verstuyf Caroline Braet 《Journal of research in personality》2012
Multidimensional perfectionism has been shown to play an important role in eating disorders (EDs). However, research examining this relation has primarily focused on relatively stable inter-individual differences between persons, thereby failing to examine how these variables are associated within individuals on a daily basis. This study examines how daily fluctuations in Personal Standards (PS) perfectionism and Evaluative Concerns (EC) perfectionism relate to each other and to fluctuations in ED symptoms. Adolescents (N = 275) completed questionnaires each evening during seven consecutive days. Multilevel modeling showed significant day-to-day fluctuations in PS and EC perfectionism, and showed that both dimensions are intertwined in the day. Among females, fluctuations in EC perfectionism co-varied with fluctuations in ED symptoms. 相似文献
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Joke Van den Broeck Gina Rossi Eva Dierckx Barbara De Clercq 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2012,34(3):361-369
Geriatric researchers and clinicians often have to deal with a lack of valid personality measures for older age groups (e.g., Mroczek, Hurt, & Berman, 1999; Zweig 2008), which hampers a reliable assessment of personality in later life. An age-neutral measurement system is one of the basic conditions for an accurate personality assessment across the lifespan, both longitudinally and cross-sectionally. In the present study, we empirically investigate the age-neutrality of one of the most widely used personality measures (i.e., the NEO PI-R (Costa & McCrae, 1992)), by examining potential Differential Item Functioning (DIF). Overall, results indicate that the vast majority (92.9?% at domain-level and 95?% at facet-level) of the NEO PI-R items was similarly endorsed by younger and older age groups with the same position on the personality trait of interest, corroborating the NEO PI-R??s age neutrality. However, Differential Test Functioning (DTF) analyses revealed large DTF for Extraversion, and facet A6 (Tender-Mindedness). Results are discussed in terms of their implications for using the current format of the NEO PI-R in older aged samples. 相似文献