Alyssa Banford Witting  Jessica Lambert  Lee N. Johnson  Carly Goodkin  Thulitha Wickrama 《International journal of psychology》2020,55(4):647-656

To add to the dialogue regarding the long-term recovery and wellbeing of war and tsunami-affected women in Sri Lanka, we utilised the Conservation of Resources Theory (COR, Hobfoll, 2009) to inform an investigation of direct and indirect effects. The study was specifically designed to assess how traumatic exposure may represent a form of loss which may associate with related losses in the form of external and internal stigma which may then associate with poor mental health outcomes. The data for this study were collected in 2016 from a sample of 379 widowed women in Eastern Sri Lanka; participant spouses died in the civil war, in the tsunami, or from health or other problems. Our analyses yielded a model suggesting associations between remembered trauma event exposure from war and disaster, external stigma, internalised stigma and mental health symptom distress. Results further yielded direct and indirect effects suggesting that trauma may represent a form of loss, and potentially lead to distress through the weight and challenges of stigma.  相似文献   

    

Daniel Gutierrez  Leila Forbes  Susan K. Johnson 《Counseling and values》2020,65(2):206-221

We examined predictors of students' adherence to a 10-session online mindfulness program. Undergraduates naive to meditation (N = 169) were recruited from an introductory psychology subject pool. Students completed assessments examining physical and psychological health and were asked to complete a 10-session online mindfulness activity. More than half (53%) of the sample was fully adherent to the program. Better physical health and lower levels of anxiety predicted adherence. We present recommendations for increasing adherence in the clinical use of mindfulness with college students.  相似文献   

    

Michelle M. Jacob  Leilani Sabzalian  Stephany RunningHawk Johnson  Joana Jansen  Gayle Skawen:nio Morse 《American journal of community psychology》2019,64(1-2):126-136

Despite centuries of contact and conquest, Indigenous communities persist in maintaining their cultures and psychologies. Key to this success in cultural survival is the maintenance of Indigenous languages, which contain distinct worldviews. However, Indigenous languages are at risk, with fewer and fewer fluent Elder speakers. Fortunately, there remain committed groups of community educators who carry out Indigenous language education. Current mainstream teacher education programs do not typically introduce the importance of Indigenous language education to teacher candidates, who are the next generation of K‐12 teachers. We view this as highly problematic, and thus carried out a proof‐of‐concept project in which one U.S. university's American Indian/Alaska Native teacher candidates collaborated with, and learned from, Indigenous language educators during a two‐week‐long summer institute at the university. In our article, we share three main findings, based on qualitative analyses of daily‐written student journals collected during the two‐week pilot project: (a) Indigenous language education supports the social justice vision in the American Psychological Association's Multicultural Guidelines; (b) intergenerational educational opportunities are invaluable for affirming Indigenous psychologies; and (c) Indigenous community language educators do important survivance work. Our findings provide insight into how Indigenous language education is crucial for advancing education that honors Indigenous community psychological well‐being.  相似文献   

    

Ana Cristina Quelhas  Clia Rasga  P.N. Johnson‐Laird 《Cognitive Science》2019,43(9)

Disjunctive inferences are difficult. According to the theory of mental models, it is because of the alternative possibilities to which disjunctions refer. Three experiments corroborated further predictions of the mental model theory. Participants judged that disjunctions, such as Either this year is a leap year or it is a common year are true. Given a disjunction such as Either A or B, they tended to evaluate the four cases in its ‘partition’: A and B, A and not‐B, not‐A and B, not‐A and not‐B, as ‘possible’ or ‘impossible’ in ways that bore out the difference between inclusive disjunctions (‘or both’) and exclusive disjunctions (‘but not both’). Knowledge usually concerns what is true, and so when participants judge that a disjunction is false, or contingent, and evaluate the cases in its partition, they depend on inferences that yield predictable errors. They tended to judge that disjunctions, such as follows: Either the food is cold or else it is tepid, but not both, are true, though in fact they could be false. They tended to infer ‘mirror‐image’ evaluations that yield the same possibilities for false disjunctions as those for true disjunctions. The article considers the implications of these results for alternative theories based on classical logic or on the probability calculus.  相似文献   

    

Sheena Horsford  Marsha Carolan  Deborah Johnson 《Journal of multicultural counseling and development》2019,47(4):227-238

African American women must navigate higher education, in particular, clinical doctoral programs, as a gendered racial minority. These women often endure multiple levels of discrimination to obtain their degree. Findings of this study highlight these experiences and suggest the importance of increasing supports for African American women in clinical doctoral programs. Practices and supports should be put in place so that students of color are not marginalized because of their race. Las mujeres afroamericanas tienen que pasar por la educación superior, y particularmente en programas de doctorado clínico, como una minoría racial y de sexo. Estas mujeres sufren con frecuencia múltiples niveles de discriminación para poder obtener su titulación. Los hallazgos de este estudio destacan estas experiencias y sugieren la importancia de incrementar los apoyos para mujeres afroamericanas en programas de doctorado clínico. Deberían implementarse prácticas y apoyos para que las estudiantes de color no sean marginadas por su raza.  相似文献   

    

James Connelly  Peter Johnson 《British Journal for the History of Philosophy》2019,27(1):114-133

Collingwood's The New Leviathan is a difficult text. It comprises philosophy, political theory, political opinion and history in what is sometimes an uneasy amalgam. Despite its being the culmination of thirty years of work in ethics and political theory, the final text was clearly affected by the adverse circumstances under which it was written, these largely being Collingwood's illness which increasingly affected his ability to work as the writing of The New Leviathan progressed. This paper seeks to disentangle the composition of the book thereby shedding light on its distinctive character as the last substantial piece of philosophical work published in Collingwood's lifetime.  相似文献   

    

Zachary S. Johnson  Huifang Mao  Sarah Lefebvre  Jaishankar Ganesh 《Journal of Consumer Psychology》2019,29(4):565-583

This research investigates how consumer evaluations of brand extensions are affected by two distinct types of brand reputation: a reputation for social responsibility built through commitments to societal obligations, versus a reputation for ability developed by delivering quality offerings. Through six studies, we establish that while the two reputation types equivalently influence high fit brand extensions, a reputation for social responsibility (vs. ability) leads to more favorable responses toward low fit brand extensions by inducing a desire to support and help the company that has acted to benefit consumers. Furthermore, the facilitative effect of social responsibility on low fit brand extension evaluations is more prominent among consumers who value close relationships and caring for one another's well‐being (i.e., those with high communal orientation), and tends to dissipate when social responsibility initiatives are tainted with self‐serving motives (i.e., when these initiatives are aligned with the brand's core offering).  相似文献   

    

Christopher D. L. Johnson 《Reviews in Religion & Theology》2019,26(1):68-71

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Olivia Johnson  Veena Chattaraman 《Journal of Consumer Behaviour》2019,18(1):32-42

Social responsibility has rapidly gained popularity among consumers specifically among millennials born 1980 to 2000. Millennials are characterized by their willingness to get involved with social and political initiatives. Motivations for social responsibility are not completely unselfish in that individuals receive personal gain when providing support for others. This research proposes that socially responsible (SR) consumption has both social signaling and self‐signaling abilities. The scales for measuring millennial's social signaling and self‐signaling for SR consumption were developed to reflect the evolving nature of both social responsibility and the millennial generation. In‐depth interviews (n = 12) were used to generate scale items and an exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the dimensionality of the scales. Results were subjected to a confirmatory factor analysis that examined convergent and discriminant validity. Nomological validity testing was also performed. The social signaling for SR consumption scale was a one‐dimensional factor structure whereas the self‐signaling for SR consumption scale had two factors. These scales provide a tool for marketers and researchers to develop relevant SR initiatives aimed at millennials.  相似文献   

The Limitations of “Boilerplate” Language in Informed Consent: Single IRB Review of Multisite Genetic Research in Military Personnel     

Benjamin S. Wilfond  Jennifer Zabrowski  Liza M. Johnson 《The American journal of bioethics : AJOB》2019,19(4):81-82

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