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941.
J. Peters Ronald S. Yacoubian George Elizabeth R. Baumler Michael W. Ross Regina J. Johnson 《Journal of Addictions & Offender Counseling》2002,22(2):50-60
The identification of jurisdictional drug use patterns is critical to counselors who address substance abuse proactively. In the current study, heroin use data were analyzed from adult arrestees who were surveyed between 1990 and 1997 through the Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring program. 相似文献
942.
Patrick Johnson 《Contemporary Family Therapy》2002,24(2):371-384
This study assessed the effects of various predictor variables on dimensions of functioning within alcoholic families. Participants were 173 college student volunteers from alcoholic families who completed a measure of family functioning, demographic questions, and questions related to experiences in their families of origin. Child abuse, spousal violence, parental divorce, length of time living with an alcoholic parent, parental marital status, and parental availability and predictability significantly affected family functioning, whereas frequency of parental drinking did not. Results suggest that quality of parental interactions with children is more important for functioning in alcoholic families than frequency of parental drinking. 相似文献
943.
Mona L. Johnson Tamara L. Wall Carmen Guanipa Linda Terry‐Guyer Roberto J. Velasquez 《Journal of multicultural counseling and development》2002,30(3):181-191
Reliability (internal consistency and test‐retest) and validity (construct and factorial) of the Orthogonal Cultural Identification Scale (OCIS; E. R. Oetting & F. Beauvais, 1990–1991) were evaluated in a sample of Asian American university students. Ethnic identification, measured using the OCIS, and acculturation, measured using the Suinn‐Lew Asian Self‐Identity Acculturation Scale (R. M. Suinn, K. Rickard‐Fugueroa, S. Lew, & P. Vigil, 1987), are hypothesized to measure related but separate constructs. Análisis de fiabilidad (consistencia interna y estabilidad temporal), y de validez (conceptual y factorial) de la Escala Ortagonal de Identificación Cultural (OCIS; E. R. Oetting & F. Beauvais, 1990–1991) fueron evaluados en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios Asiáticos Americanos. La identificación étnica fue medida usando la OCIS, y la aculturación fue medida usando la Escala de Identidad de Ser y Aculturación Asiática de Suinn‐Lew (R. M. Suinn, K. Rickard‐Figueroa, S. Lew, & P. Vigil, 1987). Se presenta la hipótesis que la identificación étnica y la aculturación miden conceptos separados que estan relacionados. 相似文献
944.
Sidne A. Buelow William J. Lyddon James T. Johnson 《Counselling psychology quarterly》2002,15(2):145-152
Relationships among perceptions of early parental bonding experiences, current adult attachment to significant others, and coping resources were examined in a sample of 100 adult clients seeking services through a university counselling clinic. Results of a canonical analysis indicated that secure adult attachment, higher parental care, and lower parental overprotection were significantly associated with higher coping resources. The significance of these findings for understanding the role of attachment in emotional self-regulation is discussed. 相似文献
945.
Bärbel Knäuper Michelle Roseman Philip J. Johnson Lillian H. Krantz 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2009,28(3):181-186
Past research shows that forming implementation intentions increases the probability of carrying out goals. The present research
proposes that mental imagery can strengthen the effects of implementation intentions on goal achievement. Participants were
assigned a mundane goal and were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: implementation intentions only or implementation
intentions plus mental imagery. Results support the hypothesis that using mental imagery when forming implementation intentions
leads to higher rates of goal achievement. 相似文献
946.
Masked repetition priming is often greater when a larger proportion of trials involve repetition primes, suggesting that a
context-sensitive unconscious process may be operating. Two recent studies have failed to obtain an effect of prime proportion
in the perceptual identification (PI) task, suggesting that the effect may not occur in nonspeeded tasks. Contrary to this
possibility, we report proportion effects with masked repetition primes in two nonspeeded tasks: PI and fragment completion
(FC). A proportion effect occurred in the accuracy measure only in the FC task, but it occurred in the reaction time measure
in both tasks. Prior failures to find proportion effects in the PI task thus may have been due, in part, to the dependent
measure used. We interpret our findings in light of several recent accounts of prime proportion effects with brief primes. 相似文献
947.
Does real time coupling between mental and physical activity early in development have functional significance? To address this question, we examined the habituation of visual attention and the subsequent response to change in two groups of 3‐month‐olds with different patterns of movement–attention coupling. In suppressors, the typical decrease in body movement at the onset of looks persists into the looks. In rebounders, the initial decrease is more transient and movement quickly returns above baseline. Suppressors and rebounders did not differ on measures of looking during habituation, but when the stimulus changed rebounders looked more than suppressors. When it did not change, they looked less. In addition, during habituation rebounders spent more time looking away from the stimulus. Rapid motor reactivation soon after gaze locks onto a target, characteristic of rebounders, may influence visual foraging and the response to change by keeping attention near a threshold of engagement. 相似文献
948.
This randomized controlled pilot study compared a cognitive-behavioral therapy (Seeking Safety; SS) plus treatment-as-usual (TAU) to TAU-alone in 49 incarcerated women with substance use disorder (SUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; full or subthreshold). Seeking Safety consisted of a voluntary group treatment during incarceration and individual treatment after prison release. TAU was required in the prison and comprised 180 to 240 hours of individual and group treatment over 6 to 8 weeks. Assessments occurred at intake, 12 weeks after intake, and 3 and 6 months after release from prison. There were no significant differences between conditions on all key domains (PTSD, SUD, psychopathology, and legal problems); but both conditions showed significant improvements from intake to later time points on all of these outcomes across time. Secondary analyses at follow-up found trends for SS participants improving on clinician-rated PTSD symptoms and TAU participants worsening on self-reported PTSD symptoms. Also, SS demonstrated continued improvement on psychopathology at 3 and 6 months, whereas TAU did not. However, alcohol use improved more for TAU during follow-up. Satisfaction with SS was high, and a greater number of SS sessions was associated with greater improvement on PTSD and drug use. Six months after release from prison, 53% of the women in both conditions reported a remission in PTSD. Study limitations include lack of assessment of SS outcomes at end of group treatment; lack of blind assessment; omission of the SS case management component; and possible contamination between the two conditions. The complex needs of this population are discussed. 相似文献
949.
Perceptions of the organizational context and psychological contract breach: Assessing competing perspectives 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Christopher C. Rosen Chu-Hsiang Chang Russell E. Johnson Paul E. Levy 《Organizational behavior and human decision processes》2009,108(2):202-217
This study examines how employees’ perceptions of specific features of the organizational context—organizational politics and procedural justice—are related to their evaluations of psychological contract breach and subsequent attitudes and behaviors. Across three studies, we examined the appropriateness of four models for describing relationships among the focal constructs. Results of these studies support (a) an environmental responsiveness model in which psychological contract breach mediates the effects of politics and justice on employee outcomes, and (b) a general fairness evaluation model where politics, justice, and psychological contract breach serve as indicators of a higher order factor that predicts employee attitudes and behavior. Implications and directions for future research are presented. 相似文献
950.
The present study examined and compared order memory for a list of sequentially presented odours, unfamiliar faces, and pure tones. Employing single-probe serial position recall and following a correction for a response bias, qualitatively different serial position functions were observed across stimuli. Participants demonstrated an ability to perform absolute order memory judgments for odours. Furthermore, odours produced an absence of serial position effects, unfamiliar faces produced both primacy and recency, and pure tones produced recency but not primacy. Such a finding is contrary to the proposal by Ward, Avons, and Melling (2005) that the serial position function is task, rather than modality, dependent. In contrast, the observed functions support a modular conceptualization of short-term memory (e.g., Andrade & Donaldson, 2007; Baddeley & Hitch, 1974), whereby separate modality-specific memorial systems operate. An alternative amodal interpretation is also discussed wherein serial position function disparities are accommodated via differences in the psychological distinctiveness of stimuli (Hay, Smyth, Hitch, & Horton, 2007). 相似文献