全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2453篇 |
免费 | 97篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 20篇 |
2020年 | 47篇 |
2019年 | 49篇 |
2018年 | 61篇 |
2017年 | 58篇 |
2016年 | 60篇 |
2015年 | 44篇 |
2014年 | 52篇 |
2013年 | 286篇 |
2012年 | 110篇 |
2011年 | 102篇 |
2010年 | 66篇 |
2009年 | 69篇 |
2008年 | 90篇 |
2007年 | 89篇 |
2006年 | 61篇 |
2005年 | 65篇 |
2004年 | 81篇 |
2003年 | 69篇 |
2002年 | 75篇 |
2001年 | 50篇 |
2000年 | 48篇 |
1999年 | 46篇 |
1998年 | 33篇 |
1997年 | 32篇 |
1996年 | 30篇 |
1995年 | 23篇 |
1994年 | 25篇 |
1993年 | 20篇 |
1992年 | 32篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1989年 | 24篇 |
1988年 | 23篇 |
1987年 | 21篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 21篇 |
1984年 | 26篇 |
1983年 | 23篇 |
1982年 | 21篇 |
1981年 | 26篇 |
1980年 | 28篇 |
1978年 | 28篇 |
1977年 | 24篇 |
1976年 | 26篇 |
1975年 | 24篇 |
1974年 | 30篇 |
1973年 | 25篇 |
1972年 | 22篇 |
1968年 | 25篇 |
1966年 | 25篇 |
排序方式: 共有2551条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
201.
The present study with college students examined the effect of amount on the discounting of probabilistic monetary rewards. A hyperboloid function accurately described the discounting of hypothetical rewards ranging in amount from $20 to $10,000,000. The degree of discounting increased continuously with amount of probabilistic reward. This effect of amount was not due to changes in the rate parameter of the discounting function, but rather was due to increases in the exponent. These results stand in contrast to those observed with the discounting of delayed monetary rewards, in which the degree of discounting decreases with reward amount due to amount-dependent decreases in the rate parameter. Taken together, this pattern of results suggests that delay and probability discounting reflect different underlying mechanisms. That is, the fact that the exponent in the delay discounting function is independent of amount is consistent with a psychophysical scaling interpretation, whereas the finding that the exponent of the probability-discounting function is amount-dependent is inconsistent with such an interpretation. Instead, the present results are consistent with the idea that the probability-discounting function is itself the product of a value function and a weighting function. This idea was first suggested by Kahneman and Tversky (1979), although their prospect theory does not predict amount effects like those observed. The effect of amount on probability discounting was parsimoniously incorporated into our hyperboloid discounting function by assuming that the exponent was proportional to the amount raised to a power. The amount-dependent exponent of the probability-discounting function may be viewed as reflecting the effect of amount on the weighting of the probability with which the reward will be received. 相似文献
202.
Isaac J 《Journal of the history of the behavioral sciences》2011,47(3):225-231
Studies of the history of the human sciences during the Cold War era have proliferated over the past decade--in JHBS and elsewhere. This special issue focuses on the connections between the behavioral sciences and the culture and politics of the Cold War in the United States. In the recent literature, there is a tendency to identify the Cold War human sciences with two main paradigms: that of psychocultural analysis, on the one hand, and of the systems sciences, on the other. The essays in the special issue both extend understanding of each of these interpretive frameworks and help us to grasp their interconnection. 相似文献
203.
Matthew Joel Sharpe 《Sophia》2011,50(4):577-592
What follows is a work of critical reconstruction of Camus' thought. It aims to answer to the wish Camus expressed in his
later notebooks, that he at least be read closely. Specifically, I hope to do three things. In Part I, we will show how Camus'
famous philosophy of the absurd represents a systematic scepticism whose closest philosophical predecessor is Descartes' method
of doubt, and whose consequence, as in Descartes, is the discovery of a single, orienting certainty, on the basis of which
Camus would proceed to pass beyond the 'nihilism' that conservative critics continued to level against him (MS 34). Part II
will unfold the central tenets of Camus' mature thought of rebellion, and show how Camus' central political claims follow
from his para-Cartesian claim to have found an irreducible or 'invincible' basis for a post-metaphysical ethics, consistent
with the most thoroughgoing epistemic scepticism. Part III then undertakes to show that the neoclassical rhetoric and positioning
Camus claimed for his postwar thought—as a thought of moderation or mesure, and a renewed Greek or Mediterranean naturalism—is
more than a stylistic pretension. It represents, so I argue, a singular amalgam of modern and philosophical classical motifs
which makes Camus' voice nearly unique in twentieth century ideas, and all the more worth reconsidering today. So let us proceed. 相似文献
204.
Studies of recognition typically involve tests in which the participant’s memory for a stimulus is directly questioned. There
are occasions however, in which memory occurs more spontaneously (e.g., an acquaintance seeming familiar out of context).
Spontaneous recognition was investigated in a novel paradigm involving study of pictures and words followed by recognition
judgments on stimuli with an old or new word superimposed over an old or new picture. Participants were instructed to make
their recognition decision on either the picture or word and to ignore the distracting stimulus. Spontaneous recognition was
measured as the influence of old vs. new distracters on target recognition. Across two experiments, older adults and younger
adults placed under divided-attention showed a greater tendency to spontaneously recognize old distracters as compared to
full-attention younger adults. The occurrence of spontaneous recognition is discussed in relation to ability to constrain
retrieval to goal-relevant information. 相似文献
205.
206.
Jian XQ Wang KS Wu TJ Hillhouse JJ Mullersman JE 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(6):773-782
Twin and family studies have shown that genetic factors play a role in the development of conduct disorder (CD). The purpose
of this study was to identify genetic variants associated with CD using a family-based association study. We used 4,720 single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the Illumina Panel and 11,120 SNPs from the Affymetrix 10K GeneChips genotyped in 155
Caucasian nuclear families from Genetic Analysis Workshop (GAW) 14, a subset from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics
of Alcoholism (COGA). 20 SNPs had suggestive associations with CD (p < 10−3), nine of which were located in known genes, including ADAM10 (rs383902, p = 0.00036) and CAMK2A (rs2053053, p = 0.00098). Our results were verified using the International Multi-Center ADHD Genetics Project (IMAGE) dataset. In conclusion,
we identified several loci associated with CD. Especially, the two genes (ADAM10 and CAMK2A) have been reported to be associated with Alzheimer’s disease, bipolar disorder and depression. These findings may serve
as a resource for replication in other populations. 相似文献
207.
Michelle M. Martel Molly Nikolas Katherine Jernigan Karen Friderici Irwin Waldman Joel T. Nigg 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(1):1-10
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prime candidate for exploration of gene-by-environment interaction (i.e.,
G x E), particularly in relation to dopamine system genes, due to strong evidence that dopamine systems are dysregulated in
the disorder. Using a G x E design, we examined whether the DRD4 promoter 120-bp tandem repeat polymorphism, previously associated with ADHD, moderated the effects of inconsistent parenting
and marital conflict on ADHD or Oppositional-Defiant Disorder (ODD). Participants were 548 children with ADHD and non-ADHD
comparison children and their parents. Homozygosity for the DRD4 promoter 120-bp tandem repeat insertion allele increased vulnerability for ADHD and ODD only in the presence of inconsistent
parenting and appeared to increase susceptibility to the influence of increased child self-blame for marital conflict on ADHD
inattention. DRD4 genotypes may interact with these proximal family environmental risk factors by increasing the individual’s responsivity
to environmental contingencies. 相似文献
208.
This study explored the current psychological characteristics and criminal behavior history of individuals who retrospectively reported being bullies, bully-victims, victims, or controls (i.e. neither victims nor bullies) during their last 2 years of high school. College students (n = 960) completed measures of criminal thinking, aggression, psychopathy, and criminal behavior online. We predicted bullies and bully-victims would demonstrate the highest scores for criminal thinking, proactive aggression, psychopathy, and have the most criminal infractions. Bullies and bully-victims had significantly higher scores on criminal thinking, aggression, psychopathy, and criminal behaviors than victims or controls. Additionally, men were significantly higher in criminal thinking, aggression, psychopathy, and had more criminal acts than women. There were no gender by bully group interactions. Logistic regression analyses differentiated bully-victims from bullies. Bully-victims tended to be male, higher in criminal thinking, and higher in reactive aggression. In addition, bully-victims were distinct from victims, showing higher criminal thinking and higher proactive aggression. 相似文献
209.
Much work has focused on how reappraisal is related to emotions, but not behaviors. Two experiments advanced aggression theory by (a) testing how cognitive and attributional forms of reappraisal are related to aggressive affect and behavior, (b) testing variables that theoretically mediate the relation between attributional reappraisal and aggressive behavior, (c) testing the moderating influences of cognitive and attributional reappraisal on aggressive behavior, and (d) developing and testing an intervention aimed at reducing vengeance through reappraisal training. Study 1 used an essay writing task in a 3 (feedback: provocation, no feedback, praise) × 2 (mitigating information: present, absent) experimental design. Provoked participants who did not receive mitigating information were significantly more aggressive than provoked participants who received mitigating information. State vengeance was a significant mediator. Study 2 examined an experimental intervention on vengeance over a 16-week semester. Intervention participants who had the largest increase in reappraisal displayed the greatest decrease in vengeance. Overall, these findings suggest that reappraisal reduces vengeance and aggressive behavior. 相似文献
210.
Yvonne Humenay Roberts Frank J. Snyder Joy S. Kaufman Meghan K. Finley Amy Griffin Janet Anderson Tim Marshall Susan Radway Virginia Stack Cindy A. Crusto 《Journal of child and family studies》2014,23(2):214-224
The arrest of a parent or other family member can be detrimental to children’s health. To study the impact of exposure to the arrest of a family member on children’s mental health and how said association may change across developmental periods, we examined baseline data for children (birth through 11 years) entering family-based systems of care (SOC). Children exposed to the arrest of a family member had experienced significantly more 5.38 (SD = 2.59) different types of potentially traumatic events (PTE) than children not exposed to arrest 2.84 (SD = 2.56). Multiple regression model results showed that arrest exposure was significantly associated with greater behavioral and emotional challenges after controlling for children’s age, gender, race/ethnicity, household income, caregiver’s education, parenting factors, and other PTE exposure. Further analyses revealed differences in internalizing and externalizing behaviors associated with arrest exposure across developmental levels. This study highlights some of the mental health challenges for children exposed to the arrest of a family member, while adding to our knowledge of how such an event affects children across different developmental periods. More trauma-informed, developmentally appropriate systems need to be in place at all levels to assist children and families experiencing arrest. 相似文献