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131.
In this longitudinal study, we compared family stories told by 32 Canadian adolescents at ages 16 and 20 about how parents and grandparents had taught them values. Relations to parents' and children's levels of generativity were also examined. Adolescents' stories of grandparent value teaching were less readily recalled and less interactive in their content compared with stories about parents. Stories of value teaching by more generative parents were more likely to involve specific episodes, to be more interactive, to be more likely to emphasize caring content, and to be less likely to have their message rejected by the teens. Similarly, when parents were more generative, adolescents' stories about grandparents' value teaching were also more likely to involve specific and interactive episodes. Finally, stories told about parents and grandparents that were more positive on these dimensions predicted higher generative concern scores for the adolescents themselves, measured subsequently at age 24. Adolescents' stories about parent and grandparent socialization in more generative family contexts thus have features that suggest a more compelling process of intergenerational value transmission. 相似文献
132.
A number of recent studies have questioned the conventional view regarding the existence of income-related inequalities in
depression and have suggested that other factors have a more marked impact, most notably those socio-environmental effects
linked to professional status and educational attainment. This paper seeks to measure and decompose the degree of socio-economic
inequality in the factors underlying reported depression by drawing on data from Spain (Spanish National Health Survey, 2003),
a country in which mental care coverage is somewhat limited, but where a marked social transformation has been apparent in
recent decades. Contrary to recent evidence, our findings point towards the existence of significant income-related inequalities
in the prevalence of reported (diagnosed) depression. However, the results from our decomposition analysis are more mixed.
While a modest proportion of overall inequalities (6–13%) is accounted for by income alone, labour status, demographics and
education appear to be more relevant. However, when controlling for potential endogeneity between income and depression by
using instrumental variables (IV), income is found to account for more than 50% of overall inequality in reported depression.
相似文献
Joan Costa-FontEmail: |
133.
Farrell J Cope SB Cooper JH Mathias L 《The journal of pastoral care & counseling : JPCC》2008,62(3):261-271
An experimental two-group comparison pilot study of forty chronically ill hospitalized children was carried out at Wolfson Children's Hospital in Jacksonville, Florida. Three Godly Play interventions were given to participants in the experimental group. Children in the control group did not participate but received a fairy tale book as a control. The sample was evenly distributed with twenty (20) males and twenty (20) females. Ages ranged from six (6) to fifteen (15) years and all participants were chronically ill. Five (5) variables were studied. Of the five (5), three (3) showed significant differences before and after Godly Play: the Staic-Trait Anxiety Scale (p = .049), the Children's Depression Inventory (p = .011), and the McBride Spirituality Assessment (p = .033). A marginal difference in parent satisfaction with hospital care of children in the experimental and control groups was also determined (p = .058). Findings suggest that Godly Play had a significant effect on anxiety, depression, and spirituality of children and support the idea that the parents of children who participated in Godly Play were more satisfied with hospital care than those parents whose children did not engage in Godly Play. 相似文献
134.
Joan D. Koss‐Chioino 《Zygon》2006,41(4):869-876
This essay introduces the five articles that follow, whose aim is to show how altruism emerges out of spiritual transformation and is integral to healing process in four kinds of ritual healing systems—popular, folk, an indigenous religious healing tradition, and complementary and alternative medicine represented by consciousness transformation movements. In this introduction I situate these largely marginalized religious and spiritual practices within the context of the religion‐science discourse, which has focused for the most part on the relationship between the established, mainstream religions and the dominant biomedical system. Antecedents of two of these types of religious practices, Spiritism and consciousness transformation movements, were part of the development of the psychological sciences in the nineteenth century but lost ground in the twentieth. Despite discrimination and persistent negative attitudes on the part of the established religions and biomedicine, these healing traditions have not only survived through the twentieth century but appear to have gained both followers and interest in the twenty‐first. In future decades, at least for complementary and alternative medical practices and perhaps also for spirit healing centers, there may be a reversal in status through greater acceptance of their unique combination of scientific and religious perspectives. 相似文献
135.
Joan Gibson 《希帕蒂亚:女权主义哲学杂志》2006,21(4):1-19
Before women could become visible as philosophers, they had first to become visible as rational autonomous thinkers. A social and ethical position holding that chastity was the most important virtue for women, and that rationality and chastity were incompatible, was a significant impediment to accepting women's capacity for philosophical thought. Thus one of the first tasks for women was to confront this belief and argue for their rationality in the face of a self‐referential dilemma. 相似文献
136.
Joan Elizabeth Neville King Thomas H. Ollendick Eleonora Gullone Bruce Tonge Shaun Watson 《Counselling psychology quarterly》2006,19(2):151-163
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a heterogeneous and distressing problem for many children and youth. This review focuses on the etiology and maintenance of SAD, and examines research findings in several key areas of investigation: genetic or hereditary factors (twin and family studies), temperament characteristics (behavioural inhibition), and parent–child interactions (attachment, parenting styles). It is concluded that genetic influences, behavioural inhibition, and parent–child interactions play significant and interactive roles in the development and maintenance of SAD. Other influences such as peer relationships, social skills deficits, and traumatic experiences are also acknowledged. Ultimately, an understanding of such pathways should facilitate effective early screening and intervention of children at risk for severe social anxiety. 相似文献
137.
138.
Joseph L Verheijde Mohamed Y Rady Joan McGregor 《Philosophy, ethics, and humanities in medicine : PEHM》2009,4(1):15-8
Organ donation after cessation of circulation and respiration, both controlled and uncontrolled, has been proposed by the
Institute of Medicine as a way to increase opportunities for organ procurement. Despite claims to the contrary, both forms
of controlled and uncontrolled donation after cardiac death raise significant ethical and legal issues. Identified causes
for concern include absence of agreement on criteria for the declaration of death, nonexistence of universal guidelines for
duration before stopping resuscitation efforts and techniques, and assumption of presumed intent to donate for the purpose
of initiating temporary organ-preservation interventions when no expressed consent to donate is present. From a legal point
of view, not having scientifically valid criteria of cessation of circulation and respiration for declaring death could lead
to a conclusion that organ procurement itself is the proximate cause of death. Although the revised Uniform Anatomical Gift
Act of 2006 provides broad immunity to those involved in organ-procurement activities, courts have yet to provide an opinion
on whether persons can be held liable for injuries arising from the determination of death itself. Preserving organs in uncontrolled
donation after cardiac death requires the administration of life-support systems such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
These life-support systems can lead to return of signs of life that, in turn, have to be deliberately suppressed by the administration
of pharmacological agents. Finally, allowing temporary organ-preservation interventions without expressed consent is inherently
a violation of the principle of respect for a person's autonomy. Proponents of organ donation from uncontrolled donation after
cardiac death, on the other hand, claim that these nonconsensual interventions enhance respect for autonomy by allowing people,
through surrogate decision making, to execute their right to donate organs. However, the lack of transparency and the absence
of protection of individual autonomy, for the sake of maximizing procurement opportunities, have placed the current organ-donation
system of opting-in in great jeopardy. Equally as important, current policies enabling and enhancing organ procurement practices,
pose challenges to the constitutional rights of individuals in a pluralistic society as these policies are founded on flawed
medical standards for declaring death. 相似文献
139.
Ethicists and others who study and teach the social implications of science and technology are faced with a formidable challenge
when they seek to address “emerging technologies.” The topic is incredibly important, but difficult to grasp because not only
are the precise issues often unclear, what the technology will ultimately look like can be difficult to discern. This paper
argues that one particularly useful way to overcome these difficulties is to engage with their natural science and engineering
colleagues in laboratories. Through discussions and interactions with these colleagues ethicists can simultaneously achieve
three important objectives. First they can get a great deal of assistance in their research into the social implications of
future technologies by talking with people that are actively creating those futures. Second their presence in the lab and
the discussions that result can be a very powerful method for educating not only students, but faculty about the ramifications
of their work. And third, because the education is directly linked to the students’ everyday work it is likely that it will
not just be a theoretical exercise, but have direct impact on their practice.
相似文献
Jameson M. Wetmore (Corresponding author)Email: |
140.