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101.
Eight studies with data from 2316 students are presented describing the development and preliminary validation of the Physical
Appearance Perfectionism Scale (PAPS), a brief measure with two subscales: Worry About Imperfection and Hope For Perfection.
Results from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the measure’s two-dimensional structure. Moreover, correlation
analyses provided first evidence for the two subscales’ differential validity: Worry About Imperfection showed negative correlations
with positive self-perceptions of one’s appearance (e.g., appearance self-esteem) and positive correlations with maladaptive
concerns aspects of perfectionism, physical appearance concerns (e.g., body image disturbances), and body weight control whereas
Hope For Perfection showed positive correlations with positive striving aspects of perfectionism, positive self-perceptions,
and impression management. In addition, all PAPS scores showed high reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) and temporal stability
(test-retest). Overall the findings suggest that the PAPS is a reliable and valid instrument to assess positive and negative
aspects of physical appearance perfectionism. 相似文献
102.
Jeffrey P. Walter Kyu Jin Yon Thomas M. Skovholt 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2012,90(2):191-199
The roles of previous psychological service use and social network variables in beliefs about psychological services were examined with 184 college students. Having friends and family members who used psychological services, being female, and having used psychological services positively related with beliefs about psychological services. Socioracial differences in the effects of previous use of psychological services and social network variables on students’ beliefs about psychological services were found. Suggestions for ways counselors can provide support to students are discussed. 相似文献
103.
Benjamin von Walter Daniel Wentzel Torsten Tomczak 《Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology》2012,85(1):116-135
Although applicant–employee fit has emerged as an important topic in recruitment research, little is known about how job seekers’ perceived similarity with the employees working for an organization affects employer attraction. In this research, we introduce temporal construal as a crucial moderating variable and study how the temporal decision context affects the weighting of applicant–employee fit. In particular, we argue that applicant–employee fit is construed in abstract, high‐level terms, and exerts a stronger influence when prospective applicants hold a distant time perspective. In contrast, instrumental attributes such as pay level represent low‐level construals and gain greater relevance when prospective applicants hold a near time perspective. Two experiments involving a student sample and a sample of unemployed job seekers supported these predictions. 相似文献
104.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency is a common autosomal recessive disorder due to mutations in the CYP21A2 gene. Since genetic counselors play a crucial role in educating families about inherited disorders, they need to have thorough knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of CAH especially the effects on the fetus, the complex genetics of this disorder, and the controversies surrounding experimental prenatal dexamethasone treatment. Affected female fetuses may have varying degree of virilization of the external genitalia. Starting in the 1980's, supraphysiologic glucocorticoid treatment was used to decrease the virilization of the external genitalia of affected female fetuses. However, recent clinical observations, animal studies and greater awareness of the details of human fetal adrenal physiology raise concerns regarding the safety of this prenatal treatment. We review the pathophysiology of CAH, the safety and ethical considerations of prenatal dexamethasone treatment and the views of multiple medical societies that conclude that this experimental therapy should only be done in prospective trials approved by ethical review boards. 相似文献
105.
106.
Drebing CE Mueller L Van Ormer EA Duffy P LePage J Rosenheck R Drake R Rose GS King K Penk W 《Psychological services》2012,9(1):49-63
The current study provides naturalistic data documenting the pathways-to-care to vocational services for 155 veterans who were receiving some form of mental health care from the Veterans Health Administration and had a vocational need but were not currently enrolled in vocational services. Of the participants, 94.2% had recognized their vocational need, 80.6% reported that they or someone else had sought help to alleviate the need, and 77.4% had previously received some form of vocational services. The median length of the participants' vocational need was more than 4.2 years. Delays associated with recognition, help-seeking, and treatment entry all contributed to the overall delay in entering appropriate care. Filtering factors associated with quicker recognition, seeking help, and receiving services included diagnosis, level of disability, type of vocational need, and support from primary providers, family, and friends. The results provide information for designing interventions to improve service entry by adults with mental health problems and vocational needs. 相似文献
107.
Nilüfer Aydin Joachim I. Krueger Julia Fischer Dana Hahn Andreas Kastenmüller Dieter Frey Peter Fischer 《Journal of experimental social psychology》2012,48(1):446-449
A substantial amount of research shows that social exclusion is a threat to mental health. In the research reported here, we tested the hypothesis that the presence of a companion animal can serve as a buffer against these adverse effects. In a controlled laboratory experiment, we found that only socially excluded participants who did not work in the presence of a dog reported lower mental well-being compared with socially excluded participants who performed in the presence of a dog and participants who were not socially excluded. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
108.
Joachim Lambek 《Studia Logica》2012,100(4):667-681
Grammar can be formulated as a kind of substructural propositional logic. In support of this claim, we survey bare Gentzen style deductive systems and two kinds of non-commutative linear logic: intuitionistic and compact bilinear logic. We also glance at their categorical refinements. 相似文献
109.
Joachim Hüffmeier Stefan Krumm Jens Kanthak Guido Hertel 《European journal of social psychology》2012,42(5):533-538
The motivating effects of group work as compared with individual work are not restricted to the research laboratory but have recently been documented in existing groups performing meaningful tasks. Freestyle swimmers at the 2008 Olympics were shown to swim faster in relay groups than in the individual competitions when their contribution was highly instrumental for the relay group (i.e., indispensable) because of their serial position in the group. The present study replicated and extended this work, aggregating a larger sample from major sports events (N = 199 freestyle swimmers) that also allowed for a competitive test between the instrumentality approach and explanations based on differences in the starting procedures of relay and individual competitions. Consistent with expectancy value models of effort expenditure in groups, swimmers were faster in the relay groups as compared with individual competitions only when (i) a swimmer's performance was highly instrumental for the group's performance (i.e., later serial position in the relay) and (ii) the group's performance was highly instrumental for a positive group outcome (i.e., the relay group had a good chance of winning a medal). The data were not consistent with an explanation of performance differences merely as a result of different starting procedures. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
110.