Followers' unclear demands during the COVID-19 pandemic can undermine leaders' well-being: A moderated mediation model from an entrapment perspective

Although effective leaders are important for reducing employee stress during the COVID-19, limited studies have examined how follower behaviors can influence leader stress and well-being during the COVID-19. This study draws on defeat-entrapment theory to examine how followers' unclear demands during the COVID-19 consequently impact leaders' psychological states and well-being. We conducted a three-wave time-lagged investigation with a sample of 281 leaders in the United Kingdom and found that followers' unclear demands could generate feelings of entrapment in leaders, leading to decreased levels of well-being outcomes in leaders. Importantly, we found that leaders who have higher levels of leadership responsibility during the COVID-19 are likely to feel trapped by followers' unclear demands. They are also likely to face higher levels of feelings of entrapment and impaired well-being compared with leaders who have lower levels of leadership responsibility. We discuss the implications for theories and practices, as well as directions for future research.     

Hostile and Benevolent Sexism and Attitudes Toward Establishing Consent Among Chinese Men: The Detrimental Role of Token Resistance Beliefs and Binge Drinking

Sex Roles - Attitudes toward establishing sexual consent is an important prerequisite for understanding whether and how men will actively negotiate consent in sexual activities. However, little is...     

Blame of Rape Victims and Perpetrators in China: The Role of Gender,Rape Myth Acceptance,and Situational Factors

Sex Roles - Rape victims are frequently blamed for their own victimization, which adds to their psychological distress. However, Chinese scholars have generally not paid attention to the...     

The Impact of Household Assets on Child Well-being: Evidence from China

Applied Research in Quality of Life - This study examined the impact of household assets on multiple dimensions of child well-being using data on 2,583 children aged 10–15 years and...     

Editorial: Children and Adolescent Quality of Life under Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

Applied Research in Quality of Life -     

Three-dimensional joint kinematics of ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed knees during stair ascent and descent

Mechanical environmental changes in the knee are induced by altered joint kinematics under cyclic loading during activities of daily living after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. This is considered a risk factor in progressive cartilage degeneration and the early onset of osteoarthritis following ACL injury and even after reconstructive surgery. The purpose of this study was to examine 3D joint kinematics of ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed knees to health controls during stair ascent and descent. A 3D optical video motion capture system was used to record coordinate data from reflective markers positioned on subjects as they ascended and descended a custom-built staircase. Spatiotemporal gait and knee joint kinematic variables were calculated and further analyzed. The ACL-deficient knees exhibited a significant extension deficit compared to the ACL-intact controls. A more varus and internally rotated tibial position was also identified in the ACL-deficient knees during both stair ascent and descent. The ACL-reconstructed knees exhibited less abnormality in both spatiotemporal gait parameters and joint kinematics, but these variables were not fully restored to a normal level. The kinematic profiles of the ACL-reconstructed knees were more similar to those of the ACL-deficient knees when compared to the ACL-intact knees. This suggests that the ACL-reconstructed knees had been "under-corrected" rather than "over-corrected" by the reconstructive surgery procedure. Findings from this study may provide more insight with respect to improving ACL reconstruction surgical techniques, which may aid the early progression of cartilage degeneration in ACL-reconstructed knees.     

神经成像技术的伦理问题

神经成像技术的应用不仅会影响人的大脑活动,甚至可以读出人类思想的内容.因此,在使用神经成像技术时,既要遵循技术规范,还要遵循生命伦理学的基本原则.概述了神经成像技术的成就及其研究和应用价值,讨论了神经成像技术在应用过程中的知情同意、隐私保护等伦理问题,以及运用神经成像技术进行测谎可能涉及的伦理问题.     

湖北江陵王家台秦简《归藏》研究综述

1993年出土于湖北江陵县王家台秦墓的竹简中,有一种具有卦画符号的"易占"类残简,其卦名及卦爻辞多与传世文献互见,初步被认为是秦简《归藏》。研究者在对《归藏》竹简文本进行整理的同时,着重于其性质、年代以及与易学史相关诸问题的研究,取得了很多成果。     

Supporting Generative Thinking About the Integer Number Line in Elementary Mathematics

This report provides evidence of the influence of a tutorial “communication game” on fifth graders’ generative understanding of the integer number line. Students matched for classroom and pretest score were randomly assigned to a tutorial (n = 19) and control group (n = 19). The tutorial group students played a 13-problem game in which student and tutor each were required to mark the same position on a number line but could not see one another's activities. To resolve discrepant solutions, tutor and student constructed agreements about number line principles and conventions to guide subsequent placements. Pre-/posttest contrasts showed that (a) tutorial students gained more than controls and (b) agreement use predicted gain. Analyses of micro-constructions during play revealed properties of student learning trajectories.     

A study of the spin-Hamiltonian parameters for Cr5+ at the rhombically-distorted tetrahedral P5+ site of Ca2PO4Cl crystal using a two-mechanism model

The complete high-order perturbation formulae of spin-Hamiltonian (SH) parameters (g factors g_i and hyperfine structure constants A_i , where i = x, y, z) containing contributions from both the crystal-field (CF) and charge-transfer (CT) mechanisms (the latter mechanism is neglected in the widely-used CF theory) are established for d¹ ions in rhombic tetrahedra. From these formulae, the SH parameters of Cr⁵⁺ ion at the rhombically-distorted tetrahedral P⁵⁺ site of Ca₂PO₄Cl crystal are calculated. The CF and CT energy levels used in the calculation are obtained from the optical spectra of the studied Ca₂PO₄Cl : Cr⁵⁺ crystal. The calculated results showed reasonable agreement with the experimental values. The signs of the hyperfine structure constants A_i and the relative importance of the CT mechanism to SH parameters are acquired from the calculations.