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73.
对“家属签字”制度的立法思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
邵将 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2008,29(5):42-44
李丽云悲剧的发生,使《医疗机构管理条例》第三十三条规定的“家属签字”制度成为公众及法律界人士关注的焦点。“家属签字”制度受到道德和法律的双重拷问。从“家属签字”制度中潜在的法律推定出发,对“家属签字”制度的正当性依据、“特殊情况”下对患者的求生推定等六方面问题做些有益探讨,以期完善我国医疗管理法律法规。 相似文献
74.
Humans are limited in their ability to maintain multiple attentional foci. In attentive tracking of moving objects, performance
declines as the number of tracked targets increases. Previous studies have interpreted such reduction in terms of a limit
in the number of attentional foci. However, increasing the number of targets usually reduces spatial separation among different
targets. In this study, we examine the role of target spatial separation in maintaining multiple attentional foci. Results
from a multiple-object tracking task show that tracking accuracy deteriorates as the spatial separation between targets decreases.
We propose that local interaction between nearby attentional foci modulates the resolution of attention, and that capacity
limitation from attentive tracking originates in part from limitations in maintaining critical spacing among multiple attentional
foci. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that tracking performance is limited not primarily by a number of
locations, but by factors such as the spacing and speed of the targets and distractors. 相似文献
75.
Yuhong Jiang Marvin M. Chun 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》2001,54(4):1105-1124
The effect of selective attention on implicit learning was tested in four experiments using the contextual cueing paradigm (Chun & Jiang, 1998, 1999). Observers performed visual search through items presented in an attended colour (e.g., red) and an ignored colour (e.g., green). When the spatial configuration of items in the attended colour was invariant and was consistently paired with a target location, visual search was facilitated, showing contextual cueing (Experiments 1, 3, and 4). In contrast, repeating and pairing the configuration of the ignored items with the target location resulted in no contextual cueing (Experiments 2 and 4). We conclude that implicit learning is robust only when relevant, predictive information is selectively attended. 相似文献
76.
Previous research has shown that affective empathy, rather than cognitive empathy, significantly predicts people’s altruistic sharing behavior in economic games. However, most of these studies were conducted in Western populations. There might be cultural differences in the relations between empathy and altruism due to different levels of empathy between Western and Asian individuals. In this study, we measured different aspects of empathy in Chinese adults as well as their allocation offers in the dictator and ultimatum games. We found that cognitive empathy, but not affective empathy, was a significant predictor of adults’ altruistic sharing behavior in the two economic games. Subjective family income was also revealed to be a significant predictor of individuals’ altruism in the ultimatum game, such that people with lower subjective family income tended to be more generous. Potential implications of our findings are discussed. 相似文献
77.
Makovski T Sussman R Jiang YV 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2008,34(2):369-380
Given a changing visual environment, and the limited capacity of visual working memory (VWM), the contents of VWM must be in constant flux. Using a change detection task, the authors show that VWM is subject to obligatory updating in the face of new information. Change detection performance is enhanced when the item that may change is retrospectively cued 1 s after memory encoding and 0.5 s before testing. The retro-cue benefit cannot be explained by memory decay or by a reduction in interference from other items held in VWM. Rather, orienting attention to a single memory item makes VWM more resistant to interference from the test probe. The authors conclude that the content of VWM is volatile unless it receives focused attention, and that the standard change detection task underestimates VWM capacity. 相似文献
78.
Previous research has shown that visual search performance is modulated by the current contents in visual working memory (VWM), even when the contents of VWM are irrelevant to the search task. For example, visual search is faster when the target--rather than a distractor--is surrounded by a shape currently held in VWM. This study uses the modulation of visual search by VWM to investigate properties of VWM. Participants wereasked to remember the color or the shape of novel polygons whose "goodness" of figure varied according to Garner's (1962) rotation and reflection transformation principle. During the memory retention interval, participants searched for a tilted line among vertical lines embedded inside colored polygons. Search was faster when the target--rather than a distractor--was enclosed by the remembered polygons. The congruity effect diminished with increasing memory load and decreasing figure goodness. We conclude that congruity effects in visual search can indirectly assess VWM representation strength. 相似文献
79.
借鉴国内外相关成功经验,结合我国实际情况,对“人体器官移植工作体系”的构成以及各系统职能进行初步探讨。研究了该体系在阻止人体器官商业化、提高人体移植器官分配的公平高效性等方面发挥的作用。 相似文献
80.
陈静 《Frontiers of Philosophy in China》2008,3(3):366-388
Hengxian, one of the bamboo books of the Chu State during the Warring States Period that is kept in the Shanghai Museum, was collected
by the museum in 1994, and is an important piece of literature that discusses cosmic issues prior to Huainanzi. Based on Li Ling’s work on the text, as well as hermeneutic work by some other scholars, this essay represents another attempt
to determine the words and meanings of the Hengxian, with a focus on its cosmological commentary.
Translated by Huang Deyuan from Xi’an Jianzhu Keji Daxue Xuebao 西安建筑科技大学学报 (Journal of Xi’an University of Arch & Tech), 2007, (1): 1–8 相似文献