排序方式: 共有58条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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为探讨儿童的累积创伤与复杂性创伤后应激障碍(CPTSD)的关系机制,研究以方便取样法选取河南省7所小学的3478名4~5年级、有创伤经历的儿童为被试,采用创伤经历核查表、抑郁的行为激活问卷、认知情绪调节问卷和国际创伤问卷进行测试。结果发现:(1)累积创伤、经验回避、消极认知情绪调节策略和CPTSD之间具有显著相关性,且累积创伤能够显著正向预测CPTSD;(2)经验回避和消极认知情绪调节策略在累积创伤和CPTSD之间起显著的中介作用。具体为:一是经验回避的中介作用;二是灾难化的中介作用;三是经验回避-自责、经验回避-沉思、经验回避-灾难化的链式中介作用。因此,减少创伤事件的发生,激活儿童行为,调整消极认知情绪是改善和预防儿童CPTSD的重要途径。 相似文献
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Victoria E. Cosgrove Soo H. Rhee Heather L. Gelhorn Debra Boeldt Robin C. Corley Marissa A. Ehringer Susan E. Young John K. Hewitt 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(1):109-123
Several studies suggest that a two-factor model positing internalizing and externalizing factors explains the interrelationships
among psychiatric disorders. However, it is unclear whether the covariation between internalizing and externalizing disorders
is due to common genetic or environmental influences. We examined whether a model positing two latent factors, internalizing
and externalizing, explained the interrelationships among six psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, generalized
anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and
conduct disorder) in adolescents, and whether there are common genetic and environmental influences on internalizing and externalizing
latent factors. Multivariate behavior genetic analyses of data from 1162 twin pairs and 426 siblings ascertained from the
general population via the Colorado Center for Antisocial Drug Dependence (CADD) were conducted. We found support for a model
positing two latent factors (internalizing and externalizing). These factors were moderately heritable and influenced by significant
common genetic and nonshared environmental influences. These findings suggest that co-occurrence of internalizing and externalizing
psychopathology in adolescents results from both genetic and environmental influences. 相似文献
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Laura K. Hink Soo H. Rhee Robin P. Corley Victoria E. Cosgrove John K. Hewitt Robert J. Schulz-Heik Benjamin B. Lahey Irwin D. Waldman 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2013,41(6):939-957
Several researchers have suggested that the nature of the covariation between internalizing and externalizing disorders may be understood better by examining the associations between temperament or personality and these disorders. The present study examined neuroticism as a potential common feature underlying both internalizing and externalizing disorders and novelty seeking as a potential broad-band specific feature influencing externalizing disorders alone. Participants were 12- to 18-year-old twin pairs (635 monozygotic twin pairs and 691 dizygotic twin pairs; 48 % male and 52 % female) recruited from the Colorado Center for Antisocial Drug Dependence. Genetic and nonshared environmental influences shared in common with neuroticism influenced the covariation among distinct internalizing disorders, the covariation among distinct externalizing disorders, and the covariation between internalizing and externalizing disorders. Genetic influences shared in common with novelty seeking influenced the covariation among externalizing disorders and the covariation between major depressive disorder and externalizing disorders, but not the covariation among internalizing disorders or between anxiety disorders and externalizing disorders. Also, after accounting for genetic and environmental influences shared in common with neuroticism and novelty seeking, there were no significant common genetic or environmental influences among the disorders examined, suggesting that the covariance among the disorders is sufficiently explained by neuroticism and novelty seeking. We conclude that neuroticism is a heritable common feature of both internalizing disorders and externalizing disorders, and that novelty seeking is a heritable broad-band specific factor that distinguishes anxiety disorders from externalizing disorders. 相似文献
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Moono Rhee David H. Lassila Vasily V. Bulatov Luke Hsiung Tomas Diaz de la Rubia 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(9):595-605
Plastic deformation of Mo single crystals is examined by direct simulation of dislocation dynamics under stress. Initial dislocation populations are made to mimic real dislocation microstructures observed in transmission electron microscopy cross-sections of pure annealed Mo single crystals. No a priori sources for dislocation multiplication are introduced, and yet multiplication takes place through a sequence involving aggregation of grown-in superjogs, bowing of screw dislocation segments and fast lateral motion of edge segments, producing a large number of elongated loops and a characteristic cross-grid pattern of screw dislocations. 相似文献
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Genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior: a meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies 总被引:29,自引:0,他引:29
A meta-analysis of 51 twin and adoption studies was conducted to estimate the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior. The best fitting model included moderate proportions of variance due to additive genetic influences (.32), nonadditive genetic influences (.09), shared environmental influences (.16), and nonshared environmental influences (.43). The magnitude of familial influences (i.e., both genetic and shared environmental influences) was lower in parent-offspring adoption studies than in both twin studies and sibling adoption studies. Operationalization, assessment method, zygosity determination method, and age were significant moderators of the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior, but there were no significant differences in the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences for males and females. 相似文献
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Bebko JM Demark JL Osborne PA Majumder S Ricciuti CJ Rhee T Osborn PA 《Journal of motor behavior》2003,35(2):109-118
The learning patterns of 3-ball cascade juggling from acquisition until automaticity were examined in 10 participants. On the basis of outcome measures derived from 26 practice sessions and 4 periodic probe sessions, the authors differentiated participants into 3 distinct learning types: a proficient group, an emerging group, and a single late learner. The proficient group was distinguished by how rapidly they learned and automatized performance. Most interesting, an inverse response cost (i.e., performance boost) on the secondary task was found in the majority of proficient group members during the dual-task condition. The present results are discussed in relation to the P. L. Ackerman model (1987, 1988) of complex skill acquisition as is the significance of the inverse response cost finding. 相似文献
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Social cognition in aggressive children: A metaanalytic review 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jina Yoon Jan Hughes Archna Gaur Bruce Thompson 《Cognitive and behavioral practice》1999,6(4):320-331