In-group Bias and Culture of Collectivism

In this paper I present an argument that culture of collectivism which characterizes Japanese society is to be conceived in terms of an equilibrium between socio-relational and cognitive traits in which people have acquired expectations for generalized reciprocity within, not across, group boundaries. Maintenance of harmony among group members and voluntary cooperation toward group goals – the characteristics of collectivist culture – are often considered to be fundamentally psychological in nature. It is usually considered that members of a collectivist culture like to maintain harmony and cooperate toward group goals, or that "culture" sneaks into the minds of people and drives them to behave in such a manner. According to this view, culture is a fundamentally psychological or subjective matter. This is the view that I want to challenge in this paper.     

双眼立体视觉的信息加工 Ⅱ.空间滤波对双眼立体感的影响

本工作的目的是希望了解立体感形成时双眼图象空间频谱的融合规律。我们利用不同质地的两套随机点立体图对,经过不同空间频带(低通、高通、带通)的光学滤波处理,然后将滤波后的图象作各种左右眼搭配观察。得到: 1.同样滤波的立体图对均能形成立体感; 2.不同质地的立体图对,空间频带搭配相同,但观察结果并不完全相同。 3.目前我们尚不能用立体图对的两个图像的空间频带是否重叠来了解两眼融合的规律。     

FOK的线索熟悉性假说与线索熟悉性判断

这项研究对ＦＯＫ的线索熟悉性假说进行了进一步检验,该假说认为,人们是根据自已对记忆线索是否熟悉而作ＦＯＫ判断的,研究结果表明,线索熟悉性判断与ＦＯＫ判断是两种不同性质的判断,它们可以在相同的刺激模式下表现出不同的反应模式。     

心身反应的实验研究报告

本文报告了30名健康人在进行心算、反应时、握力、冷压试验时以及其前后的生理与心理变化。发现主观感受相似的背景下,心算同样可引起明显的血压与皮电反应变化与较慢的指温变化,验证了心身相关理论的正确性。另测查结果显示个体间生理反应不同,但同一个体重复测查结果则明显正相关,验证了行为(生理反应)模式相对稳定的论点。     

加工水平、回想策略与不自觉记忆

本研究有两项实验。实验一包括三种加工水平和三种不自觉记忆测验方式。结果表明,补笔不受加工水平影响。词干补笔是否受加工水平影响与词干补笔可能性的大小无关。实验二采用了问卷技术,在词干补笔测验后要求被试回答他在测验中是否进行了有意回想。结果表明,有意回想的被试对意义加工的单字比对结构加工的单字获得更高的起动效应;而没有回想的被试其结果不受加工水平影响,从而证实,词干补笔也不受加工水平影响。     

Self-compassion at work: A self-regulation perspective on its beneficial effects for work performance and wellbeing

The work environment is fraught with complex demands, hardships, and challenges, highlighting the need to approach work with self-compassion each day. We propose that work self-compassion—a mindset of kindness, gentleness, and care toward oneself as an employee—may generate the resources and motivation needed for self-regulation at work. Drawing from integrated self-control theory (ISCT) and theory on self-compassion, we suggest that on days when employees hold a work self-compassionate mindset, they will exhibit greater work performance and wellbeing via enhanced resource capacity and motivation. In an experimental experience sampling study, we found that a work self-compassionate mindset reduced depletion and increased work self-esteem and thereby heightened daily work engagement and daily resilience. Consequently, employees made greater goal progress at work and experienced higher meaning in life. In a supplemental study, we show that state self-compassion at work is associated with unique variance in work outcomes beyond compassion received from coworkers. We discuss theoretical and practical implications for self-compassion in organizational contexts.     

How regulatory focus–mode fit impacts variety-seeking

Variety-seeking research has examined antecedents in terms of contextual factors and individual differences. However, it does not consider the interaction of individual difference factors such as regulatory focus (promotion vs. prevention) and regulatory mode (locomotion vs. assessment) to predict variety-seeking. Drawing on regulatory fit theory, this study introduces a new kind of regulatory fit based on the interaction between regulatory focus and mode (i.e., regulatory focus–mode fit), thereby extending previous work examining fit based on either regulatory focus or regulatory mode in isolation. Results from five studies, including field data from 10,547 music app consumers (text analysis), two preregistered studies, and two online experiments, show that regulatory focus–mode fit (vs. non-fit) decreases variety-seeking. Engagement and attitude certainty serially mediate regulatory focus–mode fit effects. Findings provide implications for consumer segmentation and message framing.     

South Korean counselors’ perceived multicultural counseling competence: Relationship with openness to experience,perceived general counseling competence,and multicultural counseling education/practice

This study investigated variables related to the perceived multicultural counseling competence (MCC) of South Korean counselors. The relationship between perceived MCC and demographic information was explored, and effects of openness to experience, general counseling competence, and multicultural counseling education/practice on perceived MCC were examined.  Results revealed no relationship with demographic information and perceived MCC and significant effects of general counseling competence and multucultural counseling education/practice on perceived MCC. Implications for multicultural counseling training and future research are discussed.     

群体讨论过程中信息策略的变化

启发式是人类决策的重要特征,然而对于群体分布式加工条件下的启发式研究却是一个困难的任务。本研究利用多特征多选择决策任务与过程跟踪技术,对群体讨论条件下的启发式决策特点进行研究。结果发现,在群体讨论情景下,决策者的信息呈现策略要更加完全,但决策者的信息搜索负荷并没有因此而增加,群体的各成员之间形成了信息策略上的分布式加工,所以在群体工作情景中的表现出相互依赖性与内隐加工机制。     

情绪对个体判断和决策影响研究概述

情绪对个体判断和决策影响已经成为目前的一个研究热点。情感启发式、决策情感理沦等为研究情绪对个体判断和决策的影响提供了一定的理论基础．而近期提出的“风险作为情感”假设为研究提供了较为全面的理沦框架。此外,个体差异比较、时间压力以及信息激起为研究情绪在个体判断和决策中的作用提供了很好的研究思路。