对SARS病人及相关人员实施隔离等强制措施的思考

对SARS病人及相关人员采取隔离等强制措施是有效控制疫情扩展的重要和主要手段,但同时也是剥夺公民人身自由的一种行为。SARS防治的要求与现行法律存在着一定的冲突;紧急特殊情况下的行政应急措施应属必要。对相关法律进行完善,严格依照法定的条件符合法定程序实施强制措施,才能既有利于控制疫情又充分保障被隔离者的合法权益。     

Positioning Asian Americans in social cognition

Asian Americans are increasingly positioned at the center of current events, yet extant theories and approaches in social psychology (and social cognition specifically) may not adequately capture how Asian Americans are perceived and treated in the current American racial landscape. We propose three directions to propel social cognition research on Asian Americans. First, research emphasizes Asian Americans' perceived high status (e.g., the model minority stereotype) while often overlooking their perceived foreignness. The two-dimensional Racial Position Model elucidates the consequences of being stereotyped as perpetual foreigners for Asian Americans and their relations with other racial and ethnic groups. Second, research and laypeople alike consider East Asian Americans to be the prototypical Asian Americans, thereby excluding subgroups such as South and Southeast Asian Americans. Considering the ethnic diversity of Asian Americans challenges and extends existing social psychological theories. Lastly, much of psychological research approaches race in isolation without considering its intersection with other identities such as gender. An intersectional framework offers insights into how Asian Americans' gender and race overlap in our social cognition. More nuanced research on Asian Americans is needed to fully understand race relations in the 21st century and we hope these three interconnected directions can guide researchers who are interested in the topic.     

Implicit theories of mental health predict anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: The mediating effect of coping styles

This research investigated how implicit theories of mental health (ITMH) influence people's experience of anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Two thousand and 44 Chinese completed the study during an emergent outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Shaanxi, China. The results suggested that ITMH significantly influence people's experience of anxiety and depression symptoms. Both active and passive coping styles significantly mediated the relationship between ITMH and anxiety/depression, with active coping style as a stronger mediator than passive coping style. Implications of the current research for improving people's mental health during pandemics of infectious diseases and directions for future research are discussed.     

归类任务中负启动效应与分心物特性抑制的实验研究

以汉语单字词为材料,采用负启动技术,在归类任务中考察了作为负启动效应根源的扩散抑制是否遵循资源有限机制以及在要求操作反应的情况下是否也能获得来自分心物特性抑制的负启动效应。结果表明：１．被试对曾在启动显示中作为分心物的探测目标的反应时随着启动显示中分心物数目的增加而缩短。因此,扩散抑制遵循资源有限机制;２．在操作反应要求下能获得非常显著的来自分心物特性抑制的负启动效应。     

斯腾伯格（R．J．Sternberg）智力成分理论述评

成分是斯腾伯格提出的分析智力操作的基本单元。成分分析是对智力行为心理机制的描述。但成分理论不能独立地说明智力,它隶属于斯氏三重智力理论的总体框架。论文分析了成分的性质、种类及其相互作用,并对个体和年龄差异在各种成分功能上的表现作出解释。成分理论的提出是对人脑黑箱软件意义上的工作原理的可贵探索。但它在可证伪性方面是有缺陷的。     

斯腾伯格(R.J.Sternberg)三重智力理论述评

本文分三部分。一、论述斯氏对传统ＩＱ测验的主要批评。二、介绍三重智力理论,尤以情境亚理论和经验亚理论为重点。三、对三重智力理论的基本评价：它拓宽了智力本质的内涵,为编制较理想的测验提供了较适当的基础,在三重理论的框架内能较好解决测验有效性和测验公平性问题;三重结构本质上是一种层级结构而非平行结构;经验亚理论与或分亚理论之间的关系值得进一步探讨。     

当今中国人人际关系与身心健康的关系──社会心理医学研究

从全国29个省、市、自治区回收的1433份有效问卷的统计结果显示,人们的人际关系与身体健康和心理健康是密切关联、相互影响的,人际关系高度影响身体健康和心理健康,但其对于心理健康的影响作用,比之对身体健康更大。     

2～6岁儿童母亲教育观念结构及其影响因素

对北京市各城区共2598名2—6岁儿童母亲的教育观念进行测查,探讨其结构组成和可能的影响因素。结果发现,母亲教育观念具有一定的整体构成和较稳定因素成分,主要由儿童发展现、对儿童发展的期望和儿童教育观三维度、十八因素构成;各维度间相互作用、相互影响;儿童年龄、性别、母亲受教育水平、职业等对母亲教育观念具有显著的影响。     

运用回归旋转设计研究倒摄抑制的实验研究

用回归旋转设计研究倒摄抑制。实验数据最后用二次方程逼近并取得拟合检验的显著性水平(P<0.01)。本实验揭示了(1)影响倒摄抑制的四个因素中,先前材料的学习程度(A)和后继学习材料的长度(C)这两个因素起主要作用。当A足够时,不论C的长短,倒摄抑制相对而言总是最小。这说明A因素起最主要作用;(2)在A足够的前提下,C因素与倒摄抑制成正比函数关系。本研究的成功实验表明,回归旋转设计不仅适用于心理学研究而且能揭示心理现象在多因素共同作用下变化的函数关系。因此,它比心理学研究的传统设计方法又前进了一步。     

Report on Shanghai norms for the Chinese translation of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised

The Chinese translation of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children--Revised (WISC-RC) was administered to 660 children (ages 6 through 16 yr.) in the city of Shanghai. The obtained norms represent children's intelligence levels in big cities where the economic and cultural development is advanced. The norms are reported as "Scaled Score Equivalents of Raw Scores" for each age group and as "IQ Equivalents of Sums of Scaled Scores." The reliability and validity of the norms indicate that the WISC-R is suitable for use with school-age children in China. The difference between the results for our Shanghai sample (WISC-RCs) and a USA sample (WISC-R) is also discussed.