大学生职业价值观：手段与目的

大学生职业价值观研究随着大学生就业问题的加剧变得日趋重要。通过25例深度访谈、60例开放式问卷调查和813例各类大学生调查,建立了大学生职业价值观的四因子的目的性职业价值观和六因子手段性职业价值观模型。并据此编制了大学生目的性职业价值观和手段性职业价值观量表。验证性因素分析结果验证了模型假设高度拟合,同时也证明了目的性价值观对手段性职业价值观所具有的影响。     

声旁规则性对命名声旁和整字的影响

探讨声旁规则性对命名声旁或整字的影响,在速示与慢示呈现条件下命名声旁或汉字。结果发现：（1）声旁命名在速示呈现时因规则声旁易化;慢示呈现时无显著规则性效应,但受声旁部件数影响;（2）在两种呈现条件下,命名含不表音声旁字的反应时最快,错误率最低;命名含单部件、高频声旁字的反应时慢,错误率高;命名含多部件、低频声旁字的反应时快,错误率低。说明是声旁规则性对声旁命名有易化作用;对整字命名有干扰作用,但与声旁频率与部件数有关。     

计算机模拟动态心理测验

本文通过对心理测验的回顾与计算机模拟文献综合,把传统的纸笔测验与动态心理测验相比较,认为动态心理测验具有目标性、过程性与情境性三个特点,能够适应动态复杂的环境与群体作业任务,并且能够对阶段性的问题作出考察,具有传统的纸笔测验所不具备的优点.同时也提出,计算机模拟测验要更加注意外部效度与构思效度,注意计算机与人的交互作用的局限,才能够避免实验室实验的缺点,达到良好的模拟.     

新时代培育时代新人的逻辑进路

2019年10月27日,中共中央和国务院颁布了《新时代公民道德建设实施纲要》,这为我国未来很长一段时间的公民道德建设提供了根本指针,与2001年的《公民道德建设实施纲要》相比,在诸多方面实现了我国公民道德建设的开拓创新与转型升级。本刊特邀我国学界在公民道德研究领域有着深厚造诣的五位学者,就新时代培育时代新人的逻辑进路、民族文化自信与传统美德传承、新时代公民的网络道德建设、新时代公民道德建设的法治保障、夯实新时代基层公民道德建设的实践基础这五大问题,进行深入学理诠释,以飨读者,并求学界共鸣。     

当代中国工人价值取向:状况与特点

采用问卷调查法来自全国8省市的437名工人的价值取向现状进行了研究。结果表明：1．在总体上,当代中国工人具有积极向上的价值取向,重视品格追求、公共利益、工作成就、法规和家庭人伦前提的价值;2．性别、年龄、居住地和教育水平对某些方面的价值取向有显著的影响。     

顶叶在特征捆绑中的作用--对一例典型双侧顶叶损伤病人的研究

本实验以一例典型双侧顶叶损伤患者为研究对象,以数字和几何形状为材料,采用形状和颜色特征识别任务,主要考察了顶叶及空间信息是否影响视觉特征捆绑。结果显示,患者在特征捆绑任务上操作成绩较差,错觉性结合错误远远多于特征错误,且正确反应及错觉性结合受刺激间的距离及呈现方式的影响,表现出距离和位置效应。这些结果表明,顶叶在视觉特征捆绑中起重要作用,这种影响作用很可能与空间注意有关。本研究进一步为特征整合理论提供了神经心理学的证据。     

医疗过失的法律责任

引起医疗纠纷的事实可分为应由医方承担责任的事实和不应由医方承担责任的事实,只有医方符合法律责任的构成要件－即医疗行为的主体是医疗单位、主体有过失或违反义务的行为、有损害后果、而且主体的行为与损害后果之间有因果关系,才需承担法律责任,以消除只有损害后果医方就要承担法律责任和只有鉴定为医疗事故的才承担法律责任等方面的误区。     

Attaching meaning to the number words: contributions of the object tracking and approximate number systems

Children's understanding of the quantities represented by number words (i.e., cardinality) is a surprisingly protracted but foundational step in their learning of formal mathematics. The development of cardinal knowledge is related to one or two core, inherent systems – the approximate number system (ANS) and the object tracking system (OTS) – but whether these systems act alone, in concert, or antagonistically is debated. Longitudinal assessments of 198 preschool children on OTS, ANS, and cardinality tasks enabled testing of two single‐mechanism (ANS‐only and OTS‐only) and two dual‐mechanism models, controlling for intelligence, executive functions, preliteracy skills, and demographic factors. Measures of both OTS and ANS predicted cardinal knowledge in concert early in the school year, inconsistent with single‐mechanism models. The ANS but not the OTS predicted cardinal knowledge later in the school year as well the acquisition of the cardinal principle, a critical shift in cardinal understanding. The results support a Merge model, whereby both systems initially contribute to children's early mapping of number words to cardinal value, but the role of the OTS diminishes over time while that of the ANS continues to support cardinal knowledge as children come to understand the counting principles.     

The quality and quantity of mother-toddler conflicts in two contexts

Current Psychology - The purpose of this study was to examine the quantity and quality of the mother-toddler conflicts in two contexts. Forty mother-toddler pairs participated in the study in South...     

Evaluation of a structural polymorphism in the ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (ANKK1) gene and the activation of executive attention networks

The specificity of genetic effects on brain activation is a central issue in understanding how molecular actions at the synapse relate to anatomic patterns of brain activity. In an effort to understand the basis for the specificity of gene-associated brain activity, we explore a well-studied genetic polymorphism, TaqIA, which lies downstream of the DRD2 gene in the protein-encoding region of a neighboring gene, ANKK1, which is not expressed in the brain. We utilize the attention network test and find that carriers of the A1 allele show gene-associated functional activation in an anatomically specific, dopamine-rich region of the brain comprising the anterior cingulate gyrus, a finding partially consistent with prior data from functional imaging genetics. A review of the patterns of expression for ANKK1 and DRD2 and the extent of linkage disequilibrium between the two genes sheds light on additional criteria for the selection of candidate genes in imaging-genetic studies.