Career development and career choice in pioneer and traditional women

Two groups of college seniors were compared in an attempt to elucidate those factors affecting feminine career choice and career development. The sample consisted of 106 female Caucasian students enrolled at a large Southwestern university. Sixty-three of the subjects were majoring in traditional female fields, while the remaining 43 were majoring in male-dominated areas. Five instruments were administered to the subjects. Seven factors were found to distinguish significantly between the two groups of women. Of the seven, three factors pertained to feminine role perception. The remaining four were concerned with sex-role stereotyping and various aspects of family background.     

Psychology and a helpful form of medical practice

The present article is provided to acquaint psychologists with the view of osteopathic medicine as proposed in the Educational Goals of Osteopathic Medicine published by Irvin M. Korr and his group at the Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine at Fort Worth, Texas. The present article is meant to suggest a connection between the over-all objectives of the advanced form of medicine and the practice of clinical psychology by listing them. Aims are in essence similar.     

A comparison of alcoholics whose drinking is totally uncontrolled and those whose drinking is mainly controlled

The analysis of drinking patterns of 77 married male alcoholics for the period of 12 months immediately following their intake into a treatment trial suggested the importance of a variable which has been neglected in the literature on alcohol dependence. Although only 3 had returned to a pattern of drinking which was, by their own and by their wives' accounts, totally controlled, there were wide individual differences amongst the remainder in the uniformity with which drinking was uncontrolled. Two extreme groups were identified: in 22 cases patients and their wives were agreed that drinking had been totally uncontrolled; in 14 cases patients and wives were agreed that drinking had been mainly controlled. There were no differences between these two groups in the amount of abstinence reported but there were major differences in other respects. Mainly controlled drinkers were more likely to think that they had no drinking problem or that their problem was of very recent origin, reported significantly fewer symptoms, were much less likely to be institutionalized during the 12 month period, were less likely to think of themselves as alcoholics and were less likely to express a preference for abstinence as a target. The hypothesis is suggested that this drinking pattern variable may serve as a differential predictor of successful outcome following abstinence-oriented or controlled drinking-oriented treatment.     

Re-Collection in Existential Psychotherapy with Couples and Families Dealing with Death

Re-collection is a treatment dynamic in existential family therapy in which the client family is helped to remember and honor meanings that family members have previously actualized and deposited in the past. This shrinks the family meaning vacuum and those symptoms and problems that grow and flourish in a family meaning vacuum. In this article, an existential orientation to re-collection with families who are dealing with the death of a loved one is presented, described, and illustrated with case material.     

Dream Reflection in Logotherapy: Facilitating the Psychotherapeutic Process and Case Studies

Logotherapy or Existenzanalyse is a treatment orientation developed by the late Viennese psychiatrist, Dr. Victor Frankl. Frankl's orientation places primary emphasis upon helping the client to notice, actualize and honor the meaning and meaning potentials in his or her life. This helps the client to shrink his/her existential meaning vacuum, and the symptoms and problems that grow and flourish in this existential vacuum. In this article Frankl's treatment orientation is briefly outlined, with a focus on the use of dream reflection to facilitate the Logotherapeutic process which is illustrated through case material.     

Hermeneutic listening: An approach to understanding in multicultural conversations

Listening is crucial to reaching multicultural understanding. Borrowing from the work of Hans-Georg Gadamer we develop a hermeneutics of listening. To listen we must risk our prejudices, but these prejudices constitute our very identity. In this paper we attempt to answer the question, “Why Listen?” if listening is such a potentially dangerous activity.     

What cognitive and numerical skills best define learning disabilities in mathematics? / ¿Qué habilidades cognitivas y numéricas definen mejor las dificultades de aprendizaje en matemáticas?

Differentiating students with mathematical learning disabilities (MLD) from those with low achievement (LA) is still an unresolved issue. This study explored whether the specific combination of certain cognitive and numerical skills can classify students with MLD, with LA, and without MLD. In order to do this, an analysis was carried out of the performance of 756 Spanish students in grades two to six, on different numerical and cognitive tasks. Two factors were extracted using a principal component analysis of the tasks: a semantic-cognitive factor and a verbal-automation factor. The results obtained from comparing the groups showed that students with MLD and LA demonstrated significant differences in the semantic-cognitive factor, and that these differences were consistent across grade levels. In contrast, there were no differences between groups in the automatic-verbal factor. These results confirm that the groups are not only quantitatively different but also qualitatively different.     

The Impact of Competency Statements on Résumés for Short-listing Decisions

Sixty-two managers and human resource consultants rated a series of genuine résumés with covering letters. The résumés were manipulated to contain varying amounts of information about the candidate’s knowledge, skills and abilities (competency statements). This information appeared at different locations in the résumé and covering letter. In addition, half the managers were provided with extra job requirement details beyond the job advertisement. Managers rated the candidate résumés for candidate suitability, decision to interview and overall ranking. The inclusion of competency statements resulted in higher manager ratings. However, the location of the competency statements did not influence ratings given to résumés. Further, the extra information provided to managers did not influence their ratings. The results replicate and extend an earlier study by Earl, Bright and Adams (1998) and challenge the idea that selection decisions are largely based on the notion of applicant fit. The results suggest that the inclusion on the résumé of statements that address job competencies even in a general fashion will boost an applicant’s chances of being short-listed.