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51.
The effectiveness of psychoanalytic psychotherapy: the role of treatment duration, frequency of sessions, and the therapeutic relationship 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Freedman N Hoffenberg JD Vorus N Frosch A 《Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association》1999,47(3):741-772
This is an effectiveness study of treatment outcome that relies on patients' perception of their mental health during and after psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Ninety-nine outpatients attending the IPTAR Clinical Center (ICC) responded to the Effectiveness Questionnaire (EQ) adapted from that developed by Consumer Reports. Effectiveness is studied from various perspectives. Findings indicated (1) an incremental gain in effectiveness scores from six to over twenty-four months of therapy; (2) an incremental gain with greater session frequency from one to two or three weekly sessions; (3) facilitation of effectiveness by the experience of a positive relationship with the therapist; (4) an interplay between clinical syndrome and treatment conditions. A method giving clinical validity to the quantitative findings is described. Brief summaries of two recorded interviews reveal differential reconstruction of events that had occurred during treatment. The findings are discussed from the vantage point of two hypotheses: cognitive dissonance and internalization of therapeutic experience. 相似文献
52.
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by tumultuous, unstable personal relationships, difficulty being alone, and an inability to self-soothe. This may explain why patients with BPD tend to develop strong attachments to transitional objects such as stuffed animals. Research in hospital settings has linked the use of transitional objects to the presence of BPD. Using a nonclinical community sample (N = 80) we explored the link between attachments to transitional objects and various aspects of personality pathology, as well as to childhood trauma, and parental rearing styles. People who reported intense current attachments to transitional objects were significantly more likely to meet criteria for a BPD diagnosis than those who did not; they also reported more childhood trauma, rated their early caregivers as less supportive, and had more attachment problems as adults. Heavy emotional reliance on transitional objects in adulthood may be an indicator of underlying pathology, particularly BPD. 相似文献
53.
Schwartz LA Kazak AE Derosa BW Hocking MC Hobbie WL Ginsberg JP 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2012,19(2):138-146
In addition to the potential for ongoing health concerns, adolescent and young adult (AYA) childhood cancer survivors frequently
report posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). The current study examines whether beliefs about health moderate the relationship
between the number of health problems and PTSS 2 months later in 140 survivors. Beliefs, as measured by scales of the Health
Competence Beliefs Inventory (HCBI), negatively related to PTSS while health problems positively related to PTSS. Three scales
of the HCBI-health perceptions, satisfaction with healthcare and cognitive competence—were significant moderators. The relationship
between health problems and PTSS was stronger in the presence of less adaptive beliefs. These beliefs represent potentially
malleable intervention targets for reducing PTSS in childhood cancer survivors. 相似文献
54.
Scharff JS 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2012,93(1):81-95
There is professional consensus that teleanalysis, the practice of psychoanalysis conducted remotely using the telephone and the Internet, is increasing in response to more mobility in the population. But there is controversy as to whether the use of technology leads to a dilution of analysis or to adaptive innovation that is clinically effective and true to the tenets of psychoanalysis. The author reviews the psychoanalytic literature and shows the development of analytic thinking about this technology-assisted practice of psychoanalysis. She summarizes analysts' perceptions and experiences of the advantages and disadvantages, and considers the indications and contra-indications. She focuses on the clinical concerns that arise in terms of the frame, resistance, and the development of analytic process through the unconscious communication of internal objects, unconscious fantasy, transference and countertransference. She gives vignettes from the analysis of a man with trauma-related depression to address the concerns raised and to support her argument that analysis using the telephone and the Internet is a viable, clinically effective alternative to traditional analysis where necessary. 相似文献
55.
56.
The vocation of clergy life can be a hazardous journey. Stress and burnout are issues, which are increasingly reported by
clerics. Burnout is defined by a constellation of work related symptoms (Doolittle, Mental Health, Religion & Culture,10(1),
31–38, 2007), with emotional exhaustion recognised as a core component. Despite this recognition the research has not focused on factors
which lead to this state of emotional exhaustion in particular secondary traumatization. The purpose of this article is threefold.
Firstly, it presents the theoretical framework of secondary trauma. Secondly it reviews the literature aligning clergy and
trauma work and thirdly it discuses the emotional and physical toll upon clergy from this aspect of their role. 相似文献
57.
The purpose of this article is to explore the relationship of spirituality and older adulthood, especially focusing on factors
that may result in an increased spirituality among the elderly. Older adulthood, as the accumulation of insight gleaned from
difficult lessons learned through life, offers the opportunity to embrace human finitude, to recognize life’s continuity and
to grow in clarity about God and God’s presence. Wisdom gained through the experiences of vulnerability and transition serves
as a resource to self and others. This article draws on the reflections of William M. Clements, Ph.D., Edna and Lowell Craig
Professor of Pastoral Care and Counseling at the Claremont School of Theology. 相似文献
58.
President Obama's election has been construed as a potentially positive force for intergroup relations, but this issue has not been previously addressed experimentally. In experiment 1, conducted 4-5 months after the election, White participants were primed with either President Obama or nature before completing a variety of race-related measures. Results indicated that priming Obama did not influence implicit racial bias or internal motivation to control prejudice. However, consistent with exemplar and symbolic racism theories, participants primed with President Obama expressed greater agreement with the tenets of symbolic racism and were more reluctant to accept the possibility that they personally harbored subtle racial bias. Experiment 2, conducted 21 months after the election, replicated the Obama effects from experiment 1 and showed that priming another Black exemplar (Oprah) also increased symbolic racism. Results suggest that highly successful Black exemplars currently serve as a smokescreen for symbolic and subtle racial biases. 相似文献
59.
Accurate assessment of bullying is essential to intervention planning and evaluation. Limitations to many currently available self-report measures of bullying victimization include a lack of psychometric information, use of the emotionally laden term "bullying" in definition-first approaches to self-report surveys, and not assessing all components of the definition of bullying (chronicity, intentionality, and imbalance of power) in behavioral-based self-report methods. To address these limitations, we developed the California Bullying Victimization Scale (CBVS), which is a self-report scale that measures the three-part definition of bullying without the use of the term bully. We examined test-retest reliability and the concurrent and predictive validity of the CBVS across students in Grades 5-12 in four central California schools. Concurrent validity was assessed by comparing the CBVS with a common, definition-based bullying victimization measure. Predictive validity was examined through the co-administration of measures of psychological well-being. Analysis by grade and gender are included. Results support the test-retest reliability of the CBVS over a 2-week period. The CBVS was significantly, positively correlated with another bullying assessment and was related in expected directions to measures of well-being. Implications for differentiating peer victimization and bullying victimization via self-report measures are discussed. 相似文献
60.
Jill Hargis 《Human Studies》2011,34(4):373-392
This paper argues that the dichotomy between individuals, as bearers of unique and freely chosen identities, and the masses,
as the large numbers of others who are conforming and uncritical, should be understood as a constructed dichotomy. This dichotomy
is both supported and dismantled in the works of Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, and Michel Foucault. Each of these
thinkers reinforced the idea that there exist conforming and threatening masses from which individuals should separate themselves.
And yet by theorizing the limitations and contextual nature of individual identity, they have also provided the foundations
for revealing the dichotomy as illusory as well as problematic for reasoned thought and politics. The significance of this
argument is that the fear of sameness and conformity within modern mass society creates a serious obstacle to broad based
and democratic political engagement among people. 相似文献