自我决定动机对考试焦虑的影响：拖延行为的不同中介作用

我国约有一半的大学生经受着考试焦虑的困扰。结合国内外已有研究成果,本研究以624名大学生为被试,考察了自我决定动机的3种类型和拖延行为的2种类型对考试焦虑的忧虑性、情绪性的影响。结果发现：(1) 无动机对考试焦虑的2种类型都有正向的直接影响。(2) 唤起性拖延仅对情绪性有正向直接影响,而回避性拖延仅对忧虑性有正向直接影响。(3) 唤起性拖延在无动机影响考试焦虑的情绪性中起了重要的部分中介作用,而回避性拖延在无动机影响考试焦虑的忧虑性中起了重要的部分中介作用。     

我国ASD者面孔识别研究热点知识图谱*

为比较准确地了解国内ASD者面孔识别研究的热点和前沿,为今后研究提供行之有效的建议,采用关键词共词分析法,利用Bicomb软件及SPSS软件绘制了从中国知网中查询到的55篇文献的热点知识图谱。研究结果发现:ASD者面孔识别研究热点主要围绕在5大领域:社会能力研究、面孔加工和情绪面孔加工研究、认知和情绪加工的功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)研究、面孔加工的神经机制和生理指标研究、情绪认知干预研究。为避免已有研究热点存在的5方面不足,后继研究者应该从5个方面入手以期获得更多的创新性研究成果。     

背景任务对前瞻记忆策略加工的影响:一项ERPs研究

采用事件相关电位技术(ERPs),用双任务加工范式探讨背景任务的难度对前瞻记忆策略加工的影响。行为结果表明,背景任务的反应时显著长于前瞻任务,随着任务难度的增大,被试的反应时增加;脑电结果表明,前瞻线索诱发的N300的潜伏期在高难度任务条件下短于低难度任务条件,而波幅在高难度任务条件下小于低难度任务条件。前瞻线索诱发的前瞻正波的波幅在高难度任务条件下高于低难度任务条件。这一结果表明,背景任务的特征调节了前瞻记忆的加工策略。     

Empathy as a buffer: How empathy moderates the emotional effects on Preschoolers’ sharing

This study experimentally investigated how empathy moderated the influence of external emotional stimuli on preschoolers’ subsequent sharing behaviour. Children aged 4–6 (N = 218) were randomly presented with one of the video clips that elicited sad, happy, or neutral emotion, and were then asked to play a dictator game with puppet partners. Results revealed that compared to the neutral condition, children with higher empathy increased sharing after induced happiness but did not change sharing after induced sadness; by contrast, children with lower empathy decreased sharing after induced sadness. It appears that empathy may enhance the positive effect of happiness while reducing the negative effect of sadness on sharing behaviour. These findings provide experimental evidence in early childhood to support approaches that emphasize the role of immediate emotions in moral decision-making; critically, such emotional effects vary with individual differences in dispositional empathy.     

孔子“欲居九夷”探析

孔子叹道不行 ,欲乘桴出海 ,到君子居之的九夷去推行其道。这是历史铁案。但“九夷”是泛指“东夷”———原以山东地区为发源地和大本营的原始土著 ,后来繁衍迁徙 ,分布遍及中国整个东部沿海远及海外朝鲜、日本诸岛 ,且支系繁多 ,具体去处 ,孔子没有言明。孔子之时 ,山东及中国东部沿海已无独立完整的东夷国家可寻 ,倒是被称为东夷国家的箕氏朝鲜尚盛 ,仁义教化 ,有君子之风。箕氏朝鲜始祖箕子与孔子先祖微子同出殷朝王族 ,被孔子称为殷之“三仁”者。虑及地理、交通、族缘关系 ,孔子欲居之九夷 ,实暗指箕氏朝鲜。     

Exploring the inhibitory effect of maximising mindset on impulse buying

Although impulse buying could temporarily increase sales, it is essential to explore how to curb impulse buying because impulse buying leads to negative consequences for both consumers and enterprises in the long run. Previous research investigated the negative correlation between impulse buying and situational factors or personal traits. However, these factors were complicated for marketers or consumers to manipulate, so the research gap was that a lack of research focused on how to curb impulse buying through external intervention. This study aimed to find an effective external intervention to curb impulse buying and thus fill the blanket. This study introduced maximising mindset, a mindset that could be manipulated externally and used effectively by consumers and marketers to curb impulse buying. Data were collected online from 1106 participants in China through the research platform Sojump. The results demonstrated that maximising mindset negatively correlated with impulse buying, and future-oriented thinking played a role as a mediator. This study contained theoretical for future research on impulse buying and practical value in helping consumers achieve better decisions and helping companies achieve long-term growth.     

不同的第二任务在心理负荷测量中敏感性的比较

这是一项关于操作人员的心理负荷测量的实验研究。目的是为了确定哪一种第二任务的方法对测量心理负荷更灵敏。实验以追踪活动为第一任务,以心算、回忆随机数、对偶联想为第二任务。用第二任务操作水平的变化来测定不同难度的第一任务。结果表明,心算比回忆随机数、对偶联想更灵敏。     

专家-新手型教师教学效能感和教学行为的研究

对在普通中学选取的专家教师和新手教师（各48名）的研究发现：专家型教师和新手型教师的教学效能感存在显著差异;在教学行为的各个方面及总分上,专家型教师显著优于新手型教师;无论专家还是新手型教师,个人教学效能感维度与教学行为及其各维度之间均存在较显著的相关关系;专家和新手型教师的个人教学效能感维度对教学行为具有较强的预测作用。     

关于纯粹接触效应的实验研究

本文研究以甲骨文字为实验材料,考察一纯粹接触效应的实性及其特点;同时希望借助本实验的研究结果,为进一步揭 示情绪与记忆,知觉之间关系提供线索和研究途径。．     

学习能力障碍儿童在主题绘人测验中的特征

本研究采用主题绘人“草丛测验”对学习能力障碍儿童及正常儿童进行了测试比较。结果表明患儿组绘人技能及表现手法均逊于对照组。经Ｗａｐｎｅｒ绘画结构分析表明,患儿绘画具有画面组合单调、结构简单、缺乏人物动作形态、重叠结构表现困难、刻板遵循主题要求等特点。本文对这类表现特征进行了讨论。