基于两水平回归模型的调节效应分析及其效应量

使用多元回归法进行调节效应分析在社科领域已常有应用。简述了目前多元回归法的调节效应分析存在的不足,包括人为变换检验模型、自变量和调节变量区分不足、误差方差齐性的假设难以满足、调节效应量指标ΔR²没有直接测量调节变量对自变量与因变量关系的调节程度。比较好的方法是用两水平回归模型进行调节效应分析并使用相应的效应量指标。在介绍新方法和新效应量后,总结出一套调节效应的分析流程,通过一个例子来演示如何用Mplus软件进行两水平回归模型的调节效应及其效应量分析。最后讨论了两水平回归模型的调节效应分析的发展,包括稳健的调节效应分析、潜变量的调节效应分析、有调节的中介效应分析和有中介的调节效应分析等。     

网络技术与后现代哲学

一网络技术:"不像"对于"像"的挑战 "网络"或"互联网"是当代科学技术成果,一种发明,来自于想象和需要,像从前人类曾经有过的所有技术一样,人类技术发明的动机是为了自己的方便,比如人们不满意用脚走路,于是就发明了轮子.但是轮子和脚的模样一点也不相像.同样的道理,无论互联网是否曾经受到蜘蛛网的启发,互联网与蜘蛛网也不相像.     

Theoretical and methodological approaches to apparent movement of short-range process and pattern perception

A variable raster and vector display processor interfaced with a PDP-11/23 computer is briefly described. Several experiments using random-dot cinematograms (RDCs) (raster display) and line segments (vector display) are discussed. The experiments on cooperative processes of apparent movement of RDCs and spatial-frequency-filtered RDCs showed that the average cooperative neighborhood of neural interaction is about 15 min arc of visual angle. In pattern perception, based on Julesz’s texton theory (1981) and Shaw’s attention model (1980), this study showed that the aperture of attention in serial and parallel processing is a function of feature gradient, set size, and eccentricity.     

《心理学报》稿件的研究报告

该文介绍了《心理学报》对稿件的选择、送审至发排过程,及编辑部对稿件的要求;并简述了来稿中常见的问题。     

Effects of implicit memory on explicit recall: Set size and word-frequency effects

PIER was designed to explain findings related to tasks involving an encoding phase and a testing phase in which retrieval cues prime the recovery of what has been encoded. The model assumes that retrieval cues initiate the sampling of associated memories linked to the encoded information and that sampled memories are subjected to a recognition check to determine whether they meet criteria specified by the purpose of the retrieval. The model explains how the number of implicitly activated associates linked to a studied word affects its later recovery and predicts that words infrequently experienced will be recovered with greater likelihood than words frequently experienced. This prediction was tested and confirmed in two experiments in which the associative set size and the frequency of the studied words were manipulated. Implications for the study of implicit memory are considered.     

儿童对几种时间词句的理解

现实中任何事情总是在一定的时、空条件下发生的,所以语言学家概括出简单陈述句的基本模式为:时间坐标+空间坐标+核心句。但时间不同于空间,它是看不见摸不着的,因此儿童在语言中使用时间词汇比空间词汇少而且迟,我们从调查中(注)发现,在七十名     

高技术知识员工压力来源的比较研究

本文以上海高技术组织中本地知识员工和外地知识员工作为对比样本,进行两类人群在压力感知和压力来源的差异性分析.研究表明:上海本地高技术知识员工与外地知识员工在压力感知程度上没有显著差异,而在"工作负荷"、"成就动机"、"文化适应"和"工作/家庭平衡"等四个压力来源因素上具有显著差异;地域来源与年龄、学历程度对压力感知具有不同程度的交互作用.     

Assumed similarity in personality within intimate relationships

Assumed similarity is the tendency to assume that another person is similar to oneself. The present studies examined assumed similarity in intimate relationships regarding the HEXACO personality traits in Denmark (N = 93) and China (N = 236). Specifically, these studies hypothesized that people assume higher similarity with their intimate partners in Honesty‐Humility and Openness to Experience compared to the other four HEXACO traits (Emotionality, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness). Results from both studies indicate that assumed similarity was higher in Honesty‐Humility compared to Emotionality, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness. However, assumed similarity in Openness was higher compared to Emotionality and Conscientiousness only. Supplementary analyses indicate no cultural differences between Denmark and China in assumed similarity in Honesty‐Humility and Openness.     

Perceiving high social mindfulness during interpersonal interaction promotes cooperative behaviours

Social mindfulness refers to individual's respect and protection of others’ options in interpersonal interaction. The object‐choosing task is a traditional paradigm to assess social mindfulness. Individuals with high social mindfulness would choose the nonunique object so that others would have more options; on the contrary, individuals with low social mindfulness would choose the unique object, which limits others’ choices. No prior study has examined whether perceiving people with different levels of social mindfulness affects one's cooperation. Based on this background, two experiments were conducted to address this question. In both experiments, a confederate participant's (Player A's) social mindfulness was manipulated by setting the frequency that Player A chose the unique and the nonunique objects. Then, participants were asked to interact with Player A in the public goods game (Experiment 1) or in the centipede game (Experiment 2). Convergent results showed that compared to those interacting with a socially unmindful person, participants interacting with a person perceived as socially mindful contributed more resources in the public goods game and chose to pass on more rounds in the centipede game. These findings suggest that perception of others’ high social mindfulness enhances one's own cooperative behaviour.     

三类多层中介效应分析方法比较

比较了贝叶斯法、Monte Carlo法和参数Bootstrap法在2-1-1多层中介分析中的表现。结果发现：1)有先验信息的贝叶斯法的中介效应点估计和区间估计都最准确;2)无先验信息的贝叶斯法、Monte Carlo法、偏差校正和未校正的参数Bootstrap法的中介效应点估计和区间估计表现相当,但Monte Carlo法在第Ⅰ类错误率和区间宽度指标上表现略优于其他三种方法,偏差校正的Bootstrap法在统计检验力上表现略优于其他三种方法,但在第Ⅰ类错误率上表现最差;结果表明,当有先验信息时,推荐使用贝叶斯法;当先验信息不可得时,推荐使用Monte Carlo法。