弥赛亚观念考论

本文以《旧约》、古代后期犹太文献和《新约》为研究对象,考察了弥赛亚观念衍变的脉络和特征,对不同时期的现世首领式弥赛亚、理想君王式弥赛亚、末世救主式弥赛亚、政治首领和军事统帅式弥赛亚,以及耶稣和保罗的弥赛亚观念做出多方面的辨析。认为耶稣承袭古犹太传统而自命为弥赛亚,但摒弃以往观念中的犹太民族主义倾向和政治性、世俗性、功利性动机,而大力张扬了普世主义和绝对宗教精神。保罗的弥赛亚观念进而致力于阐释耶稣生平(尤其受难和复活)对于超越历史和地域之普世民众的共同意义,为日后征服了整个世界的基督教奠定下重要的神学根基。     

学者精神永存——忆《费希特全集》编纂者劳特

德国慕尼黑大学赖因哈德·劳特教授(1919～2007)是当代著名的费希特著作编纂家和研究家.文革结束以前,我虽然从<德国哲学研究>杂志上看过他宣告要编辑<费希特全集>,但对他从事的这项工程的重要性并没有什么认识.文革结束以后,我才看到从1962年开始出版的这套全集的前十卷.     

Spiritual Well-Being Among HIV-Infected Adolescents and Their Families

Congruence in spirituality between HIV+ adolescent (n = 40)/family (n = 40) dyads and psychological adjustment and quality of life were assessed, using the Spiritual Well-Being Scale of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory at baseline and 3-month post-intervention. Adolescents were 60 % female and 92 % African American. Congruence in spirituality between adolescent/surrogate dyads remained unchanged at 3 months. High congruence existed for “having a reason for living”; rejection of “life lacks meaning/purpose” and “HIV is a punishment from God.” Adolescents were less likely to forgive the harm others caused them than their families.     

Validation of a Chinese Version of the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire

Cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) assign a central role to maladaptive beliefs. Evaluation of these OCD beliefs in Western countries is commonly accomplished using the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ) and is important for conceptualizing and treating OCD. It remains unclear if Western models of OCD beliefs are appropriate for sufferers in some non-Western regions, such as China, which represents nearly 20 % of the world population. Thus, the aim of present study is to examine the psychometric properties of a Chinese translation of the OBQ in three samples: 1,322 undergraduates, 139 patients with OCD, and 79 patients with other anxiety disorders. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed poor fit for multiple English-based models of the OBQ. However, an exploratory factor analysis supported an OBQ model that differs slightly from the English version: (1) Perfectionism/Certainty (P/C), (2) Over-Estimation of Threat (T), (3) Importance of Thoughts/Responsibility for Harm (I/R). This Chinese version of the OBQ (C-OBQ) contains 30 items and shows adequate internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity, and criterion-related validity. In China, the C-OBQ may be a useful instrument for delineating cognitive patterns associated with OCD to inform research and treatment.     

试论阿富汗尼对宗教教条主义的批判

本文通过分析阿富汗尼对宗教教条主义批判言论,认为,阿富汗尼断言那些以伊斯兰教正统派自居的宗教学者们遵循宗教教条主义的行为已经把伊斯兰教引向停滞和僵化的方向。阿富汗尼主张的泛伊斯兰主义是构建于充分发挥人类理性和智慧判断的方法论框架中,绝不是像教条主义那样机械地模仿和照搬。宗教教条主义应该对穆斯林世界中出现的腐败和落后负责。和西方殖民主义统治者一样,宗教教条主义分子是伊斯兰教的最大敌人。     

Some Ethical Concerns About Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Human induced pluripotent stem cells can be obtained from somatic cells, and their derivation does not require destruction of embryos, thus avoiding ethical problems arising from the destruction of human embryos. This type of stem cell may provide an important tool for stem cell therapy, but it also results in some ethical concerns. It is likely that abnormal reprogramming occurs in the induction of human induced pluripotent stem cells, and that the stem cells generate tumors in the process of stem cell therapy. Human induced pluripotent stem cells should not be used to clone human beings, to produce human germ cells, nor to make human embryos. Informed consent should be obtained from patients in stem cell therapy.