国外外群体同质性效应研究述评

外群体同质性是刻板印象研究的一个特例,它是指人们倾向于认为外群体成员比内群体成员具有更加固定、刻板的特征,成员间具有更多的相似性和更少的变异性。目前国外外群体同质性效应研究具有以下几个特点:研究对象更为广泛;测量方法多样化;注重对机制的探讨;关注中介变量。     

刺激持续时间对注意瞬脱影响的实验分离现象

通过三个实验,研究了注意瞬脱效应以便深入理解注意时间维度上的特性。实验一针对注意瞬脱效应（简称AB效应）和刺激持续显示时间（简称ED）之间的关系,发现SOA或者ED的延长能减小AB效应。实验二的结果再次证明ED的延长能减小AB效应,并且发现ED延长并没有伴随着对目标的加工速度的加快。实验三发现在目标与干扰项没有显著的特征差异时,AB效应随着ED延长而减小的现象消失了,即ED对AB效应的影响出现了实验性的分离。同时还证明突出显示可以通过加快对目标的反应速度来显著的减小AB效应,而且ED因素只有在目标具有突出的视觉特征时才能改变AB效应。     

科学探究的认知机制研究述评

科学探究涉及一个复杂的认知过程，Klahr和Dunbar的SDDS模型、Kuhn的模型以及双过程模型对此过程进行了描述；另外研究者们还对科学探究过程不同阶段需要的认知技能和认知策略以及影响因素进行了研究。     

科学与文化心理转型

在多种文明密切交往,不同信仰并存的世界 上,以现代科学思想为基础重塑我们的价值观念是 中国和平崛起过程必须面对的一个重大文化问题。 这反映在三个方面: 首先,从传统到现代心理转型是社会转型的一 个重要侧面。改革开放以来,伴随着文化生活的活 跃和丰富,各种迷信思潮也沉渣泛起。这种现象令     

Ethnic and mainstream social connectedness, perceived racial discrimination, and posttraumatic stress symptoms

Carter (2007) proposed the notion of race-based traumatic stress and argued that experiences of racial discrimination can be viewed as a type of trauma. In a sample of 383 Chinese international students at 2 predominantly White midwestern universities, the present results supported this notion and found that perceived racial discrimination predicted posttraumatic stress symptoms over and above perceived general stress. Furthermore, Berry (1997) proposed an acculturation framework and recommended that researchers advance the literature by examining the moderation effects on the association between racial discrimination and outcomes. The present results supported the moderation effect for Ethnic SC (i.e., social connectedness in the ethnic community), but not for Mainstream SC (i.e., social connectedness in mainstream society). A simple effects analysis indicated that a high Ethnic SC weakened the strength of the association between perceived racial discrimination and posttraumatic stress symptoms more than a low Ethnic SC. Moreover, although Mainstream SC failed to be a moderator, Mainstream SC was significantly associated with less perceived general stress, less perceived racial discrimination, and less posttraumatic stress symptoms.     

Is Milkman a superhero like Batman? Constituent morphological priming in compound words

In the present study, we examined morphological decomposition of Basque compound words in a series of masked priming lexical decision experiments. In Experiment 1, Basque compound words could be briefly preceded by other compounds that shared either the first or second constituent, or by unrelated noncompound words. Results showed a significant priming effect for words that shared a constituent, independently of its position. In Experiment 2, compound words were preceded by other compound words that shared one of their constituents, but in a different lexeme position (e.g., the first constituent of the compound that acted as a prime was the second constituent of the compound that acted as a target). Results again showed a constituent priming effect (i.e., location in the string is not necessary for priming to occur). In Experiment 3, we demonstrated that these priming effects were not due to mere form overlap: pairs of noncompound words that shared either the beginning or the ending chunk did not produce a priming effect. Taken together, the present results converge with previous data on orthographic/morphological priming and provide evidence favouring early morphological decomposition.     

Housing Conditions and Adolescents’ Socioemotional Well-being: An Empirical Examination from China

Applied Research in Quality of Life - This paper examines the association between housing and adolescents’ socioemotional well-being in China using a large nationally representative dataset...