大学生主观幸福感的测量研究

本文主要论述了大学生主观幸福感的测量研究的现状及其测量研究的内容,并讨论了大学生主观幸福感的测量研究的发展趋向,旨在为以后的研究提供参考。     

Self‐Construal Scales Lack Validity

Self‐construal is thought to mediate and explain the effects of culture on a wide variety of outcome variables. A meta‐analysis of published cross‐cultural self‐construal research is reported in this article, and the results across studies suggests that the evidence for the predicted cultural differences is weak, inconsistent, or nonexistent. The results of 3 priming experiments (N = 121, N = 99, and N = 361) suggest that (a) priming does not account for the inconsistent results observed in the meta‐analysis, (b) that scores on a self‐construal scale appear to be measuring trait‐like constructs that are not sensitive to priming, and (c) that measures of self‐construals lack convergent validity. The results of several measurement studies (N = 121, 223, 230, 323, 214, 206, 126, 204, 148, 141, and 150) were inconsistent with the a priori two‐factor measurement model in every case. Self‐construal scales were found to be radically multidimensional and highly unstable within and across cultures. These results lead us to conclude that catastrophic validity problems exist in research involving the use of self‐construal scales in cross‐cultural research.     

中国禅宗"山笠"对日本神道"山笠祭"的影响——日本博多祗园山笠祭起源新解

日本博多栉田神社的祗园山笠祭是日本国三大祗园祭之一.在日本,"山笠"一词的使用始于博多祗园山笠祭.在中国,"山笠"一词意为禅师的法器"笠".本文通过对博多祗园山笠祭起源说的考证,指出中国禅宗"山笠"对日本神道"山笠祭"的影响,阐明日本神道"山笠"源于中国禅宗"山笠",是由留学南宋"禅院五山"之首径山寺的日本禅师圆尔辩圆(圣一国师)借用到博多祗园山笠祭中.     

奎因的本体论标准

这篇论文旨在讨论奎因(w.v.o.Quine)的本体论标准。在论文的第一部分中我将介绍他在《逻辑和共相的实体化》[1]一文中提出的本体论标准并根据具体例子来解释其实际用途。讨论将会同时涉及到带有存在量词的语句和带有全称量词的语句。根据奎因的本体论标准,有一些理论先设(presuppose)共相(我指的是包括集合,真值,可能世界里的物体等等在内的一切抽象物体。与之相对的是具体物体)的存在。但就这些理论的其中一部分来说,唯名论者可以用塔尔斯基(Tarski)提出的方法来避开那些他们不能接受的本体论先设。我会对塔尔斯基的方法做简略介绍。论文…     

Sexual objectification increases retaliatory aggression

Two experiments were conducted to investigate whether sexual objectification increases retaliatory aggression serially through increased vulnerability and hostile intent attributions. Female participants were first exposed to the sexual objectification manipulation by receiving compliments from an online male partner (Experiment 1) or imagining a workplace objectification experience (Experiment 2). Afterward, their vulnerability and hostile intent attributions were assessed. Finally, they were given an opportunity to behave aggressively toward the source of objectification. The results of both experiments indicated that, compared with their counterparts in the control conditions, participants in the sexual objectification condition reported higher levels of vulnerability, hostile intent attributions, and aggression. Moreover, vulnerability and hostile intent attributions serially mediated the effect of sexual objectification on aggression. These findings highlight the critical influence of vulnerability and hostile intent attributions in understanding how sexual objectification increases aggression.     

中古史上早期佛像瘗埋研究

中古史上早期的佛像瘗埋,是比较隐讳而神秘的宗教现象,对其学理性阐释主要体现在两个方面:其一,佛像作为宗教圣物,对其瘗埋是基于寺院神圣空间建构的一项举措;其二,佛像作为祥瑞物,通过瘗埋并圣显是对帝国正统的天命性征验。本文将通过研究中古史上早期佛像瘗埋这一微观视角,依托藏内外文献对其背后的宗教与政治动机进行讨论。     

价值观与启蒙的反思

启蒙时代发明的概念系统是现代欧洲文化的主要遗产.19世纪启蒙的世界观普遍性很大;20世纪上半期,启蒙理论已经失去了原来的力量,但是仍在西方人意识里占有重要地位.在一定的方面上,目前是后现代主义的时代;后现代主义者企图全面反思前一段历史的一切世界观体系.