语文学困生与学优生阅读理解监控的发展研究

本研究采用错误检测法和理解自信度评价法,以错误觉察人数、错误觉察成绩、理解自信度评价成绩、阅读时间和阅读理解成绩为分析指标,探讨了不同年级语文学困生与学优生的阅读理解监控特征。结果发现:(1)语文学困生的阅读理解监控能力明显低于学优生;(2)学生对低难度错误信息的理解监控能力明显高于对高难度错误信息的理解监控;(3)随着年级的增长,学生的阅读理解监控能力也随之提高。     

Special Column for 2018 National Workshop of Modern Logic(Part Ⅱ):Editorial Introduction

正In late October last year,the workshop of national modern logic was held in Xiamen organized by Professional Committee of Modem Logic,the Logic Association of China and Philosophy department of Xiamen University.More than 100 scholars or graduate students attended the meeting.The topics of the workshop contain philosophical logic,mathematical logic,philosophy of logic,logic and language,and so on.There are several     

Influence of aging pathways on the evolution of heterogeneous solute-rich features in peak-aged Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy with a high Mg/Si ratio

We report on a study of the influence of aging pathways on the evolution of solute-rich features in peak-aged Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys. The concentration and partitioning ratios of Mg, Si and Cu and Mg/Si ratios in the heterogeneous solute-rich features all increase with increasing size, with Si exhibiting the highest partitioning ratio, but notably these ratios change dramatically depending on the aging pathway selected. Accordingly, the short-time age hardening response can be enhanced by promoting both homogeneous and heterogeneous precipitate nucleation, while simultaneous improvements in peak-aged strength and elongation can be attained by a vacancy-assisted aging pathway.     

Hope as a Mediator of Bullying Involvement and Emotional Difficulties in Children

This study investigated hope as a mediator between children’s bullying involvement and emotional difficulties in a sample of 1,060 school‐age children (Grades 3–6). Results from structural equation modeling suggested that victimization leads to emotional difficulties both directly and indirectly through hope. Perpetration was indirectly associated with emotional difficulties. Findings highlight the role of children’s cognitive‐motivational process for emotional well‐being in response to bullying involvement. Implications for counseling interventions are discussed.     

Inpatient suicide in a Chinese psychiatric hospital

Little is known about the risk factors for suicide among psychiatric inpatients in China. In this study we identified the risk factors of suicide among psychiatric inpatients at Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital. All psychiatric inpatients who died by suicide during the 1956-2005 period were included in this study. Using a case-control design, 64 inpatients with schizophrenia who died by suicide were compared with a matched 64 controls. The results indicate that the rate of suicide was 133.1/100,000 admissions (95%CI 103.4-162.9). There were no significant differences in the method, location, or time of suicide between male and female inpatients. The number of hospitalizations was significantly larger in the suicide group than that in the control group. In logistic regression analyses, guilty thought, depressive mood, and suicidal ideation and suicide attempt 1 month before hospital admission were identified as independent predictors of suicide among inpatients with schizophrenia. The findings of risk factors for schizophrenic inpatient suicide should be taken into account when developing interventions to prevent suicide among these patients.     

论高亨先生《老子正诂》的校勘成就

高亨先生《老子正诂》对《老子》文本的校勘,有近百处与出土文献相合。他运用的校勘方法灵活多样,细密严谨,至今仍有指导意义。《老子正诂》之所以成为上一世纪老学研究的经典之作,与全书对文本的精密校勘是密不可分的,揭示出高亨先生《老子正诂》的校勘成就,有助于推动《老子》研究的发展。     

全真道初传四川地区小考

作为道教的发源地,四川地区的道教活动自古至今绵延不绝,不过,随着张天师率领道民北迁,蜀地道教活动的声势似乎有所减弱,尤其是全真道于十三世纪在中国北方兴起后,蜀地道教更较少成为人们关注的焦点.事实上,四川地区的全真道曾在中国道教界扮演过重要角色,如青城山、青羊宫等蜀中名山宫观多属全真道活动的重镇,而易心莹、傅圆天等四川地区的道长也曾成为中国道教界的领袖.然而,有关全真道在四川地区的传布历史却鲜有人进行过深入讨论,令人颇感遗憾.笔者不揣浅陋,试对全真道初传四川地区的时间考论如下.     

关于民初中国灵学问题研究的综述与展望

长期以来,学术界对民初中国灵学问题的研究主要围绕中国近代史和伪科学角度展开,在着眼于批判的基础上逐渐勾勒出其大体轮廓,为下一步研究提供了借鉴。同时,这些研究在资料发掘与史实描述、分析视角与问题意识等方面,仍有补充和转换的空间。     

Language selection in bilingual speech: evidence for inhibitory processes

Although bilinguals rarely make random errors of language when they speak, research on spoken production provides compelling evidence to suggest that both languages are active when only one language is spoken (e.g., [Poulisse, N. (1999). Slips of the tongue: Speech errors in first and second language production. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins]). Moreover, the parallel activation of the two languages appears to characterize the planning of speech for highly proficient bilinguals as well as second language learners. In this paper, we first review the evidence for cross-language activity during single word production and then consider the two major alternative models of how the intended language is eventually selected. According to language-specific selection models, both languages may be active but bilinguals develop the ability to selectively attend to candidates in the intended language. The alternative model, that candidates from both languages compete for selection, requires that cross-language activity be modulated to allow selection to occur. On the latter view, the selection mechanism may require that candidates in the nontarget language be inhibited. We consider the evidence for such an inhibitory mechanism in a series of recent behavioral and neuroimaging studies.     

孟子性善论新探

In Mencius’ theory of the original goodness in human nature, fate is the original source of xing (nature). Heart is the appearance of nature. There are two aspects to nature and heart: ti (form) and yong (function). From the perspective of form, nature is liangzhi (the goodness in conscience) and liangneng (the inborn ability to be good) in human beings and heart is human’s conscience and original heart. From the perspective of function, nature is the four things of benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom, and heart consists in compassion, shame, respect, right and wrong. As the foundation for the theory of the original goodness in human nature, conscience and heart are a combination of human moral instinct, moral rationality and moral volition, whereas moral instinct gradually rises to moral volition and passes through moral rationality. Mencius’ theory of the original goodness in human nature is not a theory of future goodness, but a theory of original goodness. Translated by Wang Bei from Qilu Xuekan 齐鲁学刊(Journal of Qilu), 2006, (4): 16–20