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41.
本研究根据音乐加工的层级结构, 对现有的脑成像研究进行了元分析, 探讨了音乐知觉的神经基础。具体而言, 对特异于音乐知觉加工的两个层级, 音程分析和结构分析的神经基础进行了分析, 并在此基础上对比了参与两个层级加工的脑区。结果发现, 音程分析主要的激活分布在双侧颞上回和右侧额下回, 在中央前回、角回和脑岛等脑区也有分布。音程分析在颞上回激活最多, 可能表明颞上回为音程分析的核心区域。结构分析激活分布较广, 主要激活颞上回、颞横回和前额叶区域, 此外, 还激活了下顶叶、缘上回和舌回等顶枕区域。结构分析在前额叶激活最多, 可能表明前额叶为结构分析的核心区域。最后, 对比两层级激活的脑区发现, 二者仅在后侧颞上回存在着重合, 而在绝大部分脑区则表现出分离, 这暗示了音程分析和结构分析通过颞上回进行交流, 并负责音乐不同层面的加工。 相似文献
42.
The effect of chemical stresses upon the relation between extended dislocations and high-temperature creep in a thin plate has been investigated. The critical stress needed for the contraction of extended jogs and its effect on the creep rate are obtained. The results indicate that the critical stress needed for the contraction increases with decreasing stacking fault energy (SFE). However, creep occurs more easily with increasing SFE and increasing angle of the Burgers vector to the dislocation line, as well as with the concentration of any diffusing atoms. 相似文献
43.
A highly supersaturated nanocrystalline Cr–25?wt% Zr alloy has been prepared by mechanical alloying of elemental crystalline powders. High-purity powders of Cr and Zr were milled for up to 20?h. The development of the microstructure was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy. XRD patterns confirmed complete alloying of the Zr and Cr. The contribution of grain boundaries, the chemical potential of a solute atom induced by dislocations, and the elastic strain energy arising from the different sizes of Cr and Zr atoms have been calculated. The alloy formation is discussed with respect to the thermodynamic conditions of the material. The role of internal strains and stored enthalpies by dislocations on solute atoms is the major mechanical driving force for alloying and this is critically assessed in this article. 相似文献
44.
调节定向理论(Higgins,1997)超越传统享乐主义动机,区分出“促进”和“预防”两种调节性动机系统,近年已成为消费行为领域的研究热点之一.调节定向影响着消费者购物决策整个过程,受被试因素(文化背景、自我建构)、刺激因素(信息框架、解释水平、非言语线索、商品属性)和情境因素(决策时间距离、任务操纵)的影响,通过直接作用、调节关联效应和调节匹配效应三种途径决定信息的说服效果,并且受到精细加工可能性的调节.管理者应特别注意具体营销情境中的调节定向,合理利用调节匹配效应.未来研究应关注调节投入理论、调节定向的前因变量以及同网络购物情境相结合,并探索如何削弱预防定向对营销的不利影响. 相似文献
45.
Lars O. White Jia Wu Jessica L. Borelli Linda C. Mayes Michael J. Crowley 《Developmental science》2013,16(6):850-863
Reunion behavior following stressful separations from caregivers is often considered the single most sensitive clue to infant attachment patterns. Extending these ideas to middle childhood/early adolescence, we examined participants' neural responses to reunion with peers who had previously excluded them. We recorded event‐related potentials among nineteen 11‐ to 15‐year‐old youth previously classified on attachment interviews (11 secure and 8 insecure‐dismissing) while they played a virtual ball‐toss game (Cyberball) with peers that involved fair play, exclusion and reunion phases. Compared to secure participants, dismissing participants displayed a greater increment in the N2 during reunion relative to fair play, a neural marker commonly linked to expectancy violation. These data suggest a greater tendency toward continued expectations of rejection among dismissing children, even after cessation of social exclusion. In turn, the link between self‐reported ostracism distress and neural signs of negative expectancy at reunion was moderated by attachment, such that self‐reports were discordant with the neural index of expectancy violation for dismissing, but not for secure children. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzoRel5c-4s . 相似文献
46.
Chronic or situational self‐construal moderates the effects of four self‐congruity (SC) dimensions (i.e., actual, ideal, social, and ideal social) on brand evaluations. Past research has mainly focused on the actual and ideal SC effects; these effects have been found to be stronger than the social and ideal social SC effects. However, the findings of past research are based on samples from individualistic cultures. Individualists have a dominant independent self‐construal. We conduct two experiments to show that the social and ideal social SC effects are stronger than the actual and ideal SC effects for individuals with a dominant interdependent self‐construal. In Study 1, using samples from collectivistic cultures, four SC effects are compared. In Study 2, we examine how primed self‐construal, whether independent or interdependent, impacts the four SC effects. This research documents the importance of the social and ideal social dimensions in SC research. 相似文献
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通过典型案例综合分析了“武攻式医闹”、“文攻式医闹”和“文武式医闹”的各自特征以及“多元化地发展”和“边打击边反弹”的总体特征,提出医闹成因分析需要对其滋生背景和盛行原因区分思考,在对其严重危害、滋生背景和盛行原因分别剖析的基础上,较系统地提出了根治对策. 相似文献
50.
民间信仰遏制外来宗教渗透的个案研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文以闽西客家村庄涧村为个案,探究其民间信仰在维系农民生活理想、满足他们(特别是其中的弱势者)的心理需求等方面所发挥的功能,进而指出民间的传统信仰不仅在弘扬中华文化传统及缓解社会问题方面具有战略意义,而且对于遏制海外势力的宗教渗透和邪教的传播具有明显的作用。 相似文献