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921.
Susan D. Holloway Sawako Suzuki Yoko Yamamoto Jessica Dalesandro Mindnich 《Sex roles》2006,54(3-4):235-249
Japanese women are often described as heavily invested in the role of mother, yet young women in contemporary Japan are increasingly
likely to postpone or opt out of marriage and child rearing. To understand the psychological dynamics of parenting among Japanese
women who have chosen to become mothers, we examined the relation of maternal role salience beliefs, personal maternal role
commitment, and parenting self-efficacy to life satisfaction, number of children, and employment status. Survey data were
obtained from 116 urban Japanese women with children in the 2nd grade. Mothers with more children expressed greater personal
role commitment. Those who had sought employment were less likely to hold strong maternal role salience beliefs. Life satisfaction
was predicted by having more children, feeling efficacious as a parent, and being employed. These findings suggest that even
in a society characterized by strong normative expectations for women, women's life satisfaction and choices about family
life and employment are related to individual beliefs, attitudes, and judgments about their role. 相似文献
922.
923.
Yu Song Jessica I. Jordan Kelsey A. Shaffer Erik K. Wing Kateri McRae 《Cognition & emotion》2019,33(6):1155-1168
Previous studies have identified two powerful ways to regulate emotional responses to a stressor: experiencing incidental positive emotions and using cognitive reappraisal to reframe the stressor. Several cognitive and motivational theories of positive emotion support the formulation that incidental positive emotions may facilitate cognitive reappraisal. To test the separate and interacting effects of positive emotions and cognitive reappraisal, we first adapted an established picture-based reappraisal paradigm by interspersing blocks of positive emotion inducing and neutral pictures. Across two pre-registered studies (Studies 1, 2), reappraisal effectively decreased self-reported negative emotions and increased self-reported positive emotions; however, experiencing incidental positive emotions did not facilitate reappraisal success. In another preregistered study (Study 3), we employed a more powerful positive emotion induction via virtual reality (VR), used a social stress anticipation task, and instructed participants to reappraise the anticipated stressor positively. Although there was a robust effect of the positive emotion induction (relative to the neutral induction) on feeling more positive emotions throughout stress anticipation, the results again indicated that incidental positive emotions did not facilitate cognitive reappraisal. We propose that incidental positive emotions and cognitive reappraisal may constitute separate pathways of influence when regulating one's responses to negative events. 相似文献
924.
Beth A. Auslander Jessica M. Meers Mary B. Short Gregory D. Zimet Susan L. Rosenthal 《Psychology & health》2019,34(3):271-288
Objective: The objective of this study is to identify factors influencing the vaccine intention–behaviour relationship. Design: A total of 445 parents who received a brief intervention to promote HPV vaccination were categorized based on their intentions post-intervention (yes/unsure/eventually/never) and subsequent adolescents’ vaccine status (yes/no). Fifty-one of these parents participated in qualitative interviews. Main Outcome Measures: Parents described their intentions, decision-making and planning processes towards vaccination. Framework analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: Parents in the ‘Yes/Yes’ category were knowledgeable about HPV/vaccine, described strong, stable intentions, considered themselves the primary decision-makers about vaccination and said they vaccinated immediately. ‘Yes/No’ parents described strong intentions and thought their adolescent was vaccinated OR described hesitant intentions, seeking advice/agreement from others and noting barriers to vaccination without solutions. ‘Unsure/Yes’ parents described their intentions as strengthening with information from credible sources and identified strategies for overcoming barriers. ‘Unsure/No’ and ‘Eventually/No’ parents had misinformation/negative beliefs regarding vaccination, described being ambivalent or non-supportive of vaccination and cited barriers to vaccination. ‘Never/No’ parents held negative beliefs about vaccination, described strong, stable intentions to NOT vaccinate, deferring the decision to others, and reported no planning towards vaccination. Conclusions: Intention characteristics and planning processes could moderate the vaccine intention–behaviour relationship, potentially serving as targets for future vaccine strategies. 相似文献
925.
Stephanie Gerow Gabby Rivera Jessica S. Akers Marie Kirkpatrick Supriya Radhakrishnan 《Behavioral Interventions》2019,34(4):466-474
Automatically maintained stereotypy is common among children with autism spectrum disorder. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a multicomponent parent‐implemented intervention on the reduction of motor stereotypy for a child with autism. A 2‐year‐old child and her father participated in this study. The effect of a parent‐implemented intervention was evaluated using an alternating treatment design. The results indicated that the parent‐implemented treatment package including differential reinforcement, response blocking, and a competing stimulus decreased automatically maintained motor stereotypy. 相似文献
926.
Jessica W. Younger Keun‐Woo Lee Ozlem E. Demir‐Lira James R. Booth 《Developmental science》2019,22(6)
Socioeconomic status (SES) has been shown to influence language skills, with children of lower SES backgrounds performing worse on language assessments compared to their higher SES peers. While there is abundant behavioral research on the effects of SES, whether there are differences in the neural mechanisms used to support language skill is less established. In this study, we examined the relation between maternal education (ME), a component of SES, and neural mechanisms of language. We focused on Kindergarten children, at the beginning of formal reading education, and on a pre‐reading skill, phonological awareness—the ability to distinguish or manipulate the sounds of language. We determined ME‐related differences in neural activity by examining a skill‐matched sample of typically achieving 5‐year‐old children as they performed a rhyme judgment task. We examined brain lateralization in two language processing regions, the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and superior temporal gyrus (STG). In the IFG, lateralization was related to ME but not skill: children with low ME showed bilateral activation compared to children with higher ME who showed leftward lateralization. In the STG, there was a skill by ME interaction on lateralization, such that children with high ME showed a positive relation between rightward lateralization and skill and children with low ME showed a positive relation between leftward lateralization and skill. Thus, we demonstrated ME is related to differences in neural recruitment during language processing, yet this difference in recruitment is not indicative of a deficit in linguistic processing in Kindergarten children. 相似文献
927.
Kretser Alison Murphy Delia Bertuzzi Stefano Abraham Todd Allison David B. Boor Kathryn J. Dwyer Johanna Grantham Andrea Harris Linda J. Hollander Rachelle Jacobs-Young Chavonda Rovito Sarah Vafiadis Dorothea Woteki Catherine Wyndham Jessica Yada Rickey 《Science and engineering ethics》2019,25(2):327-355
Science and Engineering Ethics - A Scientific Integrity Consortium developed a set of recommended principles and best practices that can be used broadly across scientific disciplines as a mechanism... 相似文献
928.
Continental Philosophy Review - I draw upon Edmund Husserl’s classic text, On the Phenomenology of the Consciousness of Internal Time (1893–1917), in order to reframe some of his... 相似文献
929.
Katrine Røhder Carol George Jessica Brennan Emilie Nayberg Christopher Høier Trier Susanne Harder 《European Journal of Developmental Psychology》2019,16(3):327-339
The present study explored the Danish cross-cultural validity of the Caregiving Experiences Questionnaire (CEQ), a new measure of caregiving representations in parent-child relationships. Low-risk Danish mothers (N = 159) with children aged 1.5–5 years completed the CEQ and predictive validity measures of parenting stress and child behavior problems. Exploratory factor analyses supported a four-factor model. Analyses showed significant theoretically meaningful associations between the CEQ scales and predictive validity measures. The current study adds evidence to the cross-cultural validity of the CEQ. 相似文献
930.
Swerts Chris De Maeyer Jessica Lombardi Marco Waterschoot Inge Vanderplasschen Wouter Claes Claudia 《Applied research in quality of life》2019,14(4):867-889
Applied Research in Quality of Life - Adolescents with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (EBD) have complex needs and experience challenges in various developmental areas and life domains. The... 相似文献