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121.
Wolfe JM 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》2011,73(6):1631-1631
122.
Jeremy D. Schmahmann 《Neuropsychology review》2010,20(3):236-260
The cognitive neuroscience of the cerebellum is now an established multidisciplinary field of investigation. This essay traces
the historical evolution of this line of inquiry from an emerging field to its current status, with personal reflections over
almost three decades on this journey of discovery. It pays tribute to early investigators who recognized the wider role of
the cerebellum beyond motor control, traces the origins of new terms and concepts including the dysmetria of thought theory,
the universal cerebellar transform, and the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome, and places these developments within
the broader context of the scientific efforts of a growing community of cerebellar cognitive neuroscientists. This account
considers the converging evidence from theoretical, anatomical, physiological, clinical, and functional neuroimaging approaches
that have resulted in the transition from recognizing the cerebellar incorporation into the distributed neural circuits subserving
cognition and emotion, to a hopeful new era of treatment of neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations of cerebellar
diseases, and to cerebellar-based interventions for psychiatric disorders. 相似文献
123.
Two psychophysical experiments are reported, one dealing with the visual perception of the head orientation of another person (the 'looker') and the other dealing with the perception of the looker's direction of eye gaze. The participant viewed the looker with different retinal eccentricities, ranging from foveal to far-peripheral viewing. On average, judgments of head orientation were reliable even out to the extremes of peripheral vision (90 degrees eccentricity), with better performance at the extremes when the participant was able to view the looker changing head orientation from one trial to the next. In sharp contrast, judgments of eye-gaze direction were reliable only out to 4 degrees eccentricity, signifying that the eye-gaze social signal is available to people only when they fixate near the looker's eyes. While not unexpected, this vast difference in availability of information about head direction and eye direction, both of which can serve as indicators of the looker's focus of attention, is important for understanding the dynamics of eye-gaze behavior. 相似文献
124.
This study hypothesized that perceived similarity significantly impacts depressed affect contagion only for individuals with highly interdependent self-construals. Baseline self-construal and affect were measured. Then, after reading a vignette about a depressed or nondepressed target, affect and perceived similarity were assessed. Participants reading the depressed vignette reported higher negative affect than participants reading the nondepressed vignette. Positive affect did not differ between the two conditions. For participants exposed to the depressed vignette, the hypothesized interaction between perceived similarity and interdependence significantly predicted positive affect. It appears that participants with more interdependent self-construals were more likely to "catch" the low positive affect displayed by the depressed target only if they perceived themselves as highly similar to the target. 相似文献
125.
Jeremy Morris 《Argumentation》2008,22(2):205-216
Self-defeating and self-justifying expressions are reflexive insofar as they pertain to themselves. However, the reflexivity
involved is often pragmatic, i.e., does not entirely depend upon the logical properties of what is expressed but also upon
the expressive act. In this paper I present a general account of pragmatic reflexivity and apply it to some familiar self-defeating
and self-justifying expressions in epistemology. This application indicates some important, if often neglected features of
the epistemological issues involved. The account I defend suggests that epistemology is particularly sensitive to pragmatic
reflexivity since what epistemologists do, i.e., inquire, theorize, and defend theories, is also the subject of the inquiry
and resultant theories.
相似文献
Jeremy MorrisEmail: |
126.
Jeffrey Buchanan Jeremy Husfeldt Tiffany Berg Daniel Houlihan 《Behavioral Interventions》2008,23(1):65-74
The case is made that issues facing the elderly are problems of social importance that should be of interest to applied behavior analysts. An electronic review of eight prominent behaviorally‐oriented journals was conducted in order to examine the frequency of publications over the past 25 years that were concerned with issues related to aging. A total of 109 articles were devoted to aging across the eight journals, with about 30% of these involving participants with cognitive impairments. Results also indicate that each of these journals has published less than one article per year related to aging. The role behavior analysts can play in serving both the elderly and their caregivers is discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
127.
128.
Jeremy C. Snyder 《Ethical Theory and Moral Practice》2008,11(4):389-405
Sweatshop labor is often cited as an example of the worst and most pervasive form of exploitation today, yet understanding
what is meant by the charge has proven surprisingly difficult for philosophers. I develop an account of what I call “Needs
Exploitation,” grounded in a specification of the duty of beneficence. In the case of sweatshop labor, I argue that employers
face a duty to extend to employees a wage sufficient to meet their basic needs. This duty is limited by the degree of the
employees’ dependence on the employer for basic needs and a reasonability standard where the employer may remain within a
range of well-being between deficiency and luxury.
相似文献
Jeremy C. SnyderEmail: |
129.
We used visual search to explore whether attention could be guided by Kanizsa-type subjective contours and by subjective contours induced by line ends. Unlike in previous experiments, we compared search performance with subjective contours against performance with real, luminance contours, and we had observers search for orientations or shapes produced by subjective contours, rather than searching for the presence of the contours themselves. Visual search for one orientation or shape among distractors of another orientation or shape was efficient when the items were defined by luminance contours. Search was much less efficient among items defined by Kanizsa-type subjective contours. Search remained efficient when the items were defined by subjective contours induced by line ends. The difference between Kanizsa-type subjective contour and subjective contours induced by line ends is consistent with physiological evidence suggesting that the brain mechanisms underlying the perception of these two kinds of subjective contours may be different. 相似文献
130.
When a high-intensity tone (inducer) is followed by a moderate-intensity tone (test tone), the loudness of the latter is reduced. This phenomenon, called induced loudness reduction (ILR), depends on the frequency separation of the two tones; as the difference in frequency increases, the amount of ILR decreases. However, the precise course of this decrease is not well known. This article presents two experiments that address this question. In the first experiment, the amount of loudness reduction produced by a 2.5-kHz 80-dB-SPL inducer was measured with the frequency of the test tone swept from 800 Hz to 6 kHz. In the second experiment, the amount of ILR was measured with the same inducer and with test tones set at 2, 2.5, 3, and 4 kHz. Both experiments show that some ILR occurs at frequency separations as wide as four critical bands. 相似文献