Rebecca L. Rogers  Trent A. Petrie 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2001,79(2):178-187

Few studies examining the relationship between eating disorders and personality have been theoretically derived; thus, findings have been equivocal. From a theoretical and empirical perspective (S. Orbach, 1986; R. L. Rogers & T. A. Petrie, 1997; G. J. Williams et al., 1994), this study investigated the connection between eating disorder symptomatology and several psychological correlates—obsessiveness, dependency, overcontrolled hostility, assertiveness, locus of control, and self‐esteem. Regression analyses indicated that obsessiveness and 2 factors of dependency accounted for 21% of the variance in a measure of anorexic attitudes and behaviors. One factor of dependency and obsessiveness accounted for 20% of the variance in a measure of bulimic symptomatology.  相似文献   

    

L J Rogers  H S Sink  J W Hambley 《Behavioral and neural biology》1988,49(2):222-233

In this study the performance of normotensive (WKY) rats was compared with that of hypertensive (SHR) rats on a Novel Object Test, a standardized Fear Test, and the Hebb-William's maze. We found no strain differences for exploration; however, WKY rear and ambulate more than SHR near the walls of the apparatus. There were no strain differences apparent in the Fear Test. WKY showed markedly different behavior compared with SHR on the Hebb-William's maze; WKY showed a high level of stereotyped displacement behaviors and failed to improve their performance over successive trials. Overall, WKY appear to be more reactive to environmental conditions than SHR. The behavior of both strains is highly context dependent.  相似文献   

    

Rogers R  Payne JW 《Behavioral sciences & the law》2006,24(5):645-658

The assessment of malingering poses unique challenges to forensic practitioners in compensation cases and disability determinations. Beyond malingering itself, false claims can be presented regarding both the source of genuine symptoms and their injurious effects on work and social functioning. The article examines how contextually based psychological factors can affect clients' presentation in compensation cases. Important distinctions between different types of response style (e.g. malingering, feigning, and secondary gain) are presented. In addition, empirically validated detection strategies provide a clinical framework for the assessment of feigned disorders. With an emphasis on compensation cases and clinically relevant disorders, the effectiveness of these detection strategies is considered for specific psychological measures.  相似文献   

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M C Welsh  B F Pennington  S Rogers 《Brain and language》1987,32(1):76-96

Five hyperlexic boys (4-5 to 10-1 years), who had been diagnosed with infantile autism or pervasive developmental delay in early childhood, were evaluated. Measures of intelligence, single-word recognition and comprehension, and picture naming were administered to determine the precocity or deficiency of reading recognition and comprehension, the underlying mechanisms of oral reading, and possible parallels with the acquired dyslexia subtypes. The results indicated that hyperlexia may be operationalized as unexpected reading precocity as compared to IQ; however, reading comprehension was not unexpectedly deficient. The phonological route to reading appeared to be preferred to the lexical route, and the overall pattern of performance most closely paralleled that of the surface dyslexic subtype.  相似文献   

    

T. B. Rogers 《Personality and individual differences》1987,8(6):957-959

The Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS) was administered to 34 Ss using a Macintosh computer which permitted measurement of the time required to select between the two alternatives of each item. The data provided evidence that sensation seeking behaviours were shown while responding to the inventory. These results were interpreted as strengthening the argument that the SSS is an effective measure of the underlying theoretical construct of sensation seeking.  相似文献   

    

McBee-Strayer SM  Rogers JR 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2002,32(3):272-283

The present investigation surveyed 162 self-identified lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals recruited from LGB-related social organizations or contacted through networking procedures with regard to suicidal behaviors, suicide risk factors, and reasons for living. Approximately 41% of the respondents indicated a serious consideration of suicide including the identification of a specific suicide plan (23%) or a past suicide attempt (36%) with significant intent to die (13%). Forty-six percent of the sample indicated at least some degree of chance of attempting suicide in the future. Grounded in the existential-constructivist theory of suicide (Rogers, 2001), empirically and theoretically identified suicide risk factors were found as a group to predict suicidal ideation (R2 = .16) and attempts (R2 = .17), with abuse-related items independently predicting both suicidal ideation (R2 = .03) and attempts (R2 = .08). Items related to self-identity issues and social acceptance were predictive of suicidal ideation (R2 = .04), while substance abuse was predictive of suicidal ideation (R2 = .05) and attempts (R2 = .13) for males only. The established factor structure of the Reasons for Living Inventory (Linehan et al., 1983) was not supported in the current data, suggesting that it may not be an appropriate measure of reasons for living with LGB individuals.  相似文献   

    

Harris JM  Rogers BJ 《Trends in cognitive sciences》1999,3(12):449-450

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Rogers R  Jackson RL  Sewell KW  Johansen J 《Behavioral sciences & the law》2004,22(2):215-222

The safe and effective management of adolescent offenders is a top priority for inpatient forensic programs. Treatment successes were examined for adolescent offenders on four parameters, specifically hospital course, level of improvement, time to discharge, and rapidity of improvement. Hospital course was predicted primarily by the breadth of polysubstance abuse with modest but independent contributions by psychopathic characteristics, and aggressive conduct-disorder symptoms. An important finding for treatment was that level of improvement at discharge was only marginally affected by psychopathic traits. In addition, rapidity of improvement was predicted only by decreased polysubstance abuse. Approximately one-fourth of the adolescent offenders experienced a substantial decrease in psychopathic characteristics. This finding was unexpected because the generic treatment program did not target the core elements of psychopathy. Even in the absence of nontreatment controls, this diminution of psychopathic traits in 25% of adolescent offenders raises important questions about the temporal stability of these traits and their potential amenability to generic interventions.  相似文献   

    

G W Rogers 《Journal of individual psychology》1977,33(2):233-239

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Ross Rogers  Matthew Vess  Clay Routledge  Jacob Juhl 《Self and identity》2016,15(1):62-71

In the present research, we integrated terror management theory with work on metacognitive fluency to examine how mortality concerns affect social exploration motives. We hypothesized that mortality salience would decrease desire to explore novel social interactions only when the feeling of being valued by culturally relevant others was secure. Participants (N = 328) reflected on death or physical pain, then generated 3 (metacognitive-ease) or 12 (metacognitive-difficulty) examples of past behaviors that their peers valued (vs. neutral behaviors). Metacognitive fluency was expected to enhance feelings that existing social bonds were secure. Finally, we assessed participants’ desire to explore novel social interactions. Death thoughts decreased participants’ desire to explore novel social interactions when they experienced “ease” generating examples of culturally valued behavior.  相似文献