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111.
Kathleen E. Jenkins 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2003,42(3):393-409
Researchers studying the small yet significant number (8–10 percent) of U.S. multiracial/ethnic congregations have argued that formal organizational commitment, the development of inclusive worship styles, and the formation of small racially/ethnically mixed groups appear to be significant factors in constructing and maintaining congregational diversity. Drawing from four years of field studies in a racially and ethnically diverse congregation of the International Churches of Christ (ICOC), I address a process about which we know relatively little: the construction and maintenance of multiracial/ethnic networks in high-boundary religious movements. I demonstrate how this type of group is particularly able to present a valuable and rising commodity in our U.S. religious economy, what I have named intimate diversity—the enactment and/or narration of close and caring relationships among a racially and ethnically diverse membership. My comparative analysis here of the ICOC, the People's Temple, and contemporary U.S. Bahá'í communities suggests that membership in such groups offers members greater exposure and involvement with people from different backgrounds, but the terms of involvement in the organization seriously limit and define the manner in which individuals can experience diversity. Furthermore, group commitment to present a face of intimate diversity and strict mechanisms of social control hinder the abilities of the leadership and members to clearly recognize contradictions in group racial/ethnic ideologies and practice. 相似文献
112.
Mark S. Young Janina M. Mahfoud Neville A. Stanton Paul M. Salmon Daniel P. Jenkins Guy H. Walker 《Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour》2009,12(5):381-388
There is growing concern that roadside advertising presents a real risk to driving safety, with conservative estimates putting external distractors responsible for up to 10% of all road traffic accidents. In this report, we present a simulator study quantifying the effects of billboards on driver attention, mental workload and performance in Urban, Motorway and Rural environments. The results demonstrate that roadside advertising has clear adverse effects on lateral control and driver attention, in terms of mental workload. Whilst the methodological limitations of the study are acknowledged, the overriding conclusion is that prudence should be exercised when authorising or placing roadside advertising. The findings are discussed with respect to governmental policy and guidelines. 相似文献
113.
114.
To understand whether young women's expectations of marriage-career role conflict may lead to strategic plans for combining roles and more successful role combination, data were analyzed from 117 women, primarily Caucasian, completing surveys in the Women's Life Paths Study in 1967 as college seniors and again in 1981. Seniors who wanted careers but anticipated conflict more often combined marriage and full-time career in 1981 than did those who wanted careers but expected no conflict. The latter combined marriage and career even less often than did those not initially wanting careers. Those who expected conflict asserted their career intentions with spouses, postponed childbearing, and had fewer children by 1981. Women not combining roles in 1981 most often reported conflict. Women with supportive partners less often reported conflict. 相似文献
115.
Sharon Rae Jenkins 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》1997,16(1):3-19
Emergency medical workers’ distress and recovery patterns after a mass shooting were related to their coping behaviors and
routine daily activities. This longitudinal repeated measures study assessed 31 emergency medical workers’ psychological and
psychosomatic symptoms self-rated for the weeks before, those just after, and one full month after the shooting. Coping behaviors
and time in creative activities were related to increased acute distress; recovery was related to more time in constructive
activities. Thinking about the incident was related to higher acute distress but better recovery on several SCL9OR scales.
Exercise predicted recovery on Obsessive-Compulsive and Hostility scales. Studies evaluating emergency workers’ reactions
to and recovery from critical incidents should use repeated measures designs, should assess short-term recovery, and should
distinguish among symptoms. 相似文献
116.
Sharon Rae Jenkins 《Current Psychology》1997,16(1):3-19
Emergency medical workers’ distress and recovery patterns after a mass shooting were related to their coping behaviors and
routine daily activities. This longitudinal repeated measures study assessed 31 emergency medical workers’ psychological and
psychosomatic symptoms self-rated for the weeks before, those just after, and one full month after the shooting. Coping behaviors
and time in creative activities were related to increased acute distress; recovery was related to more time in constructive
activities. Thinking about the incident was related to higher acute distress but better recovery on several SCL9OR scales.
Exercise predicted recovery on Obsessive-Compulsive and Hostility scales. Studies evaluating emergency workers’ reactions
to and recovery from critical incidents should use repeated measures designs, should assess short-term recovery, and should
distinguish among symptoms. 相似文献
117.
Bill Jenkins 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1982,32(2):171-177
Redundancy in the perception of bilateral symmetry in dynamic dot textures was investigated using two-alternative forced-choice techniques. It was found that the symmetry information utilized by the visual system fell within a strip approximately 1 deg wide about the central axis of symmetry, irrespective of the size of the texture at the retina. Outside this strip, the symmetry information was found to be completely redundant. 相似文献
118.
Stephen L. Chew Leah S. Larkey Sigfrid D. Soli Joe Blount James J. Jenkins 《Memory & cognition》1982,10(5):413-423
Music presents information both sequentially, in the form of musical phrases, and simultaneously, in the form of chord structure. The ability to abstract musical structure presented sequentially and simultaneously was investigated using modified versions of the Bransford and Franks’ (1971) paradigm. Listeners heard subsets of musical ideas. The abstraction hypothesis predicted (1) false recognition of novel instances of the abstracted musical idea, (2) confidence of “recognition” should increase as recognition items approximate the complete musical idea, (3) correct rejection of “noncases,” which deviate from the acquired musical structure. Experiment 1 investigated sequential abstraction by using four-phrase folk melodies as musical ideas. Predictions 1 and 3 were confirmed, but the false recognition rate decreased as the number of phrases increased. Listeners were sensitive to improper combinations of phrases and to novel melodies different from melodies presented during acquisition. Experiment 2 investigated simultaneous abstraction using four-voice Bach chorales as musical ideas. Listeners spontaneously integrated choral subsets into holistic musical ideas. Musically trained listeners were better than naive listeners at identifying noncases. 相似文献
119.
Three techniques, sculpting, geneograms, and family drawing are considered within a systemic approach to therapy. Frequently, emphasis is laid on either the activity of the therapist or the behaviour of the family in treatment. We focus on ways in which the therapist draws on the clients' creativity, relying for this on a correct assessment of their 'language' or 'idiom'. Certain assumptions are proposed, and case illustrations are used in their support. Our approach is that any material, or apparently no material, produced when using these techniques represents essential information which can be turned to therapeutic advantage by means of positive reframing. Although a framework within which to practise is viewed as essential, a 'game-plan' will almost certainly result in sterility and impasses in therapy. Therapist flexibility, it is proposed, is a prerequisite for creativity. We prefer to label resistance to treatment as failure by the therapist to recognize the clients' needs. 相似文献
120.
Hugh Jenkins 《Journal of Family Therapy》1983,5(3):359-377
The view presented in this paper is that frameworks are needed to help understand the nature of the organization and problems of severely underorganized families. Some basic propositions are suggested as a ‘rule of thumb’ diagnostic tool. Requirements for healthy development are outlined, against which the family context of many underorganized families is illustrated. It is proposed that the life-cycle framework of such families is essentially ‘two generational’. This has implications for those offering help in these situations, and suggestions are made about appropriate treatment approaches. 相似文献