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901.
902.
Research investigated classroom environment antecedent variables and student affective outcomes in Australian high schools.
The Technology-Rich Outcomes-Focused Learning Environment Inventory (TROFLEI) was used to assess 10 classroom environment
dimensions: student cohesiveness, teacher support, involvement, investigation, task orientation, cooperation, equity, differentiation,
computer usage and young adult ethos. A sample of 4,146 high school students from Western Australia and Tasmania responded
to the TROFLEI and three student outcome measures: attitude to the subject, attitude to computer use and academic efficacy.
Confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL supported the 10 scale a priori structure of the instrument. Structural equation
modeling using LISREL was used to test a postulated model involving antecedent variables, classroom environment and outcomes.
The modeling indicated that: improving classroom environment has the potential to improve student outcomes, antecedents did
not have any significant direct effect on outcomes, and academic efficacy mediated the effect of several classroom environment
dimensions on attitude to subject and attitude to computer use.
相似文献
Jeffrey P. DormanEmail: |
903.
Jeffrey B Rubin 《American journal of psychoanalysis》2009,69(2):93-105
Freud (1912) delineated the ideal state of mind for therapists to listen, what he called “evenly hovering” or “evenly suspended attention.” No one has ever offered positive recommendations for how to cultivate this elusive yet eminently trainable state of mind. This leaves an important gap in training and technique. What Buddhism terms meditation—non-judgmental attention to what is happening moment-to-moment—cultivates exactly the extraordinary, yet accessible, state of mind Freud was depicting. But genuine analytic listening requires one other quality: the capacity to decode or translate what we hear on the latent and metaphoric level—which meditation does not do. This is a crucial weakness of meditation. In this chapter I will draw on the best of the Western psychoanalytic and Eastern meditative traditions to illuminate how therapists could use meditation to cultivate “evenly hovering attention” and how a psychoanalytic understanding of the language and logic of the unconscious complements and enriches meditative attention. 相似文献
904.
Todd B. Kashdan Anjali Mishra William E. Breen Jeffrey J. Froh 《Journal of personality》2009,77(3):691-730
ABSTRACT Previous work suggests women might possess an advantage over men in experiencing and benefiting from gratitude. We examined whether women perceive and react to gratitude differently than men. In Study 1 , women, compared with men, evaluated gratitude expression to be less complex, uncertain, conflicting, and more interesting and exciting. In Study 2 , college students and older adults described and evaluated a recent episode when they received a gift. Women, compared with men, reported less burden and obligation and greater gratitude. Upon gift receipt, older men reported the least positive affect when their benefactors were men. In Studies 2 and 3, women endorsed higher trait gratitude compared with men. In Study 3, over 3 months, women with greater gratitude were more likely to satisfy needs to belong and feel autonomous; gratitude had the opposite effect in men. The willingness to openly express emotions partially mediated gender differences, and effects could not be attributed to global trait affect. Results demonstrated that men were less likely to feel and express gratitude, made more critical evaluations of gratitude, and derived fewer benefits. Implications for the study and therapeutic enhancement of gratitude are discussed. 相似文献
905.
Lori Foster Thompson Jeffrey D. Sebastianelli Nicholas P. Murray 《Journal of applied social psychology》2009,39(9):2191-2212
Web‐based training programs commonly capture data reflecting e‐learners' activities, yet little is known about the effects of this practice. Social facilitation theory suggests that it may adversely affect people by heightening distraction and arousal. This experiment examined the issue by asking volunteers to complete a Web‐based training program designed to teach online search skills. Half of participants were told their training activities would be tracked; the others received no information about monitoring. Results supported the hypothesized effects on satisfaction, performance, and mental workload (measured via heart rate variability). Explicit awareness of monitoring appeared to tax e‐learners mentally during training, thereby hindering performance on a later skills test. Additionally, e‐learners reported less satisfaction with the training when monitoring was made salient. 相似文献
906.
Jeffrey W. Roland 《The Southern journal of philosophy》2009,47(2):205-223
Philip Kitcher has advanced an epistemology of science that purports to be naturalistic. For Kitcher, this entails that his epistemology of science must explain the correctness of belief-regulating norms while endorsing a realist notion of truth. This paper concerns whether or not Kitcher's epistemology of science is naturalistic on these terms. I find that it is not but that by supplementing the account we can secure its naturalistic standing. 相似文献
907.
Jeffrey Fisher 《Sophia》2009,48(2):217-219
Theophany is an excellent introduction to Dionysius, and to the principles of Neoplatonic thought as developed by Plotinus
and Proclus. Graduate students and even advanced undergraduates might profit from it, and those of us who have been working
on Dionysius for years certainly will. 相似文献
908.
Daragh E. Sibley Christopher T. Kello David C. Plaut Jeffrey L. Elman 《Cognitive Science》2009,33(7):1187-1191
Sibley, Kello, Plaut, and Elman (2008) proposed the sequence encoder as a model that learns fixed-width distributed representations of variable-length sequences. In doing so, the sequence encoder overcomes problems that have restricted models of word reading and recognition to processing only monosyllabic words. Bowers and Davis (2009) recently claimed that the sequence encoder does not actually overcome the relevant problems, and hence it is not a useful component of large-scale word-reading models. In this reply, it is noted that the sequence encoder has facilitated the creation of large-scale word-reading models. The reasons for this success are explained and stand as counterarguments to claims made by Bowers and Davis. 相似文献
909.
Abbie J. Shipp Jeffrey R. Edwards Lisa Schurer Lambert 《Organizational behavior and human decision processes》2009
Temporal focus is the attention individuals devote to thinking about the past, present, and future, and the concept is important because it affects how people incorporate perceptions about past experiences, current situations, and future expectations into their attitudes, cognitions, and behavior. However, temporal focus has not been clearly defined nor situated in a nomological network of constructs. In addition, existing measures of temporal focus suffer from various shortcomings. In this paper, we advance the concept of temporal focus by critically examining its conceptualization, developing a new measure of temporal focus (Temporal Focus Scale; TFS), and evaluating the validity (i.e., construct, convergent, discriminant, nomological, and predictive validity) of the TFS across four studies. We conclude that understanding how individuals focus their attention toward the past, present, and future clarifies their responses to explicit and implicit temporal information, which suggests that a variety of research streams would benefit from incorporating the concept of temporal focus. 相似文献
910.
Spike JR 《The Journal of clinical ethics》2012,23(1):68-70
Surgical ethics is a well-recognized field in clinical ethics, distinct from medical ethics. It includes at least a dozen important issues common to surgery that do not exist in internal medicine simply because of the differences in their practices. But until now there has been a tendency to include ethical issues of anesthesiology as a part of surgical ethics. This may mask the importance of ethical issues in anesthesiology, and even help perpetuate an unfortunate view that surgeons are "captain of the ship" in the operating theater (leaving anesthesiologists in a subservient role). We will have a better ethical understanding if we see surgery and anesthesia as two equal partners, ethically as well as in terms of patient care. Informed consent is one such issue, but it is not limited to that. Even on the topic of what type of anesthesia to use, anesthesiologists have often felt subsumed to the surgeon's preferences. This commentary takes the case study and uses it as a exemplar for this very claim: it is time to give due recognition for a new field in clinical ethics, ethics in anesthesia. 相似文献