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891.
Fred Wilson 《Journal of Academic Ethics》2003,1(1):27-39
It has been argued that strikes are morally objectionable in the university context. They injure third parties – the students – and for this reason ought to be rejected. More generally, the strike weapon has led to a reduction of the power of Boards of Governors to adjust universities to changing times. And furthermore, the use of the strike weapon and the ensuing conflicts can injure the collegial form of governance that is essential to higher education. It is here argued that these arguments are hardly conclusive, and that there are virtues to having the strike as a means to resolve disputes. But keeping things on track requires both parties to adhere to the moral and social virtue of civility. 相似文献
892.
David A. Wilder Paige Wilson Carrie Ellsworth Paul W. Heering 《Behavioral Interventions》2003,18(3):191-198
Verbal stimulus preference assessments were compared with tangible stimulus preference assessments for four adults with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. In the verbal assessment, participants were asked, ‘Do you want X or Y?’, the items were not present, and the participant chose an item verbally. In the tangible assessment, pairs of items were placed in front of the participant and s/he was asked to choose by approaching the stimuli. The two assessment methods yielded identical highest preference items for three of the four participants and identical lowest preference items for all participants. In addition, the verbal assessment method took less time to complete than the tangible assessment method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
893.
Bill Ashcroft Author Vitae 《Religion》2004,34(2):113-121
Orientalism has become the pivotal account of the relationship between Europe and its others. But its very focused and selective account of Orientalism has provoked controversy from all sides. Said's work must be seen as an argument rather than as the presentation of some transcendental historical truth because we may then see that it fulfils a much broader task set for the ‘Oriental’: to take back the power of representation from the dominant culture. Orientalism remains even more critical now than twenty-five years ago because the task of taking hold of self-representation has become, for Palestinians, a matter of life and death. Resistance (muqãwamah) was first applied to literature by the Palestinian writer and critic Ghassan Kanafani, and the example of post-colonial literature remains the crucial model for the Palestinian people. This article proposes that the post-colonial strategy of transformation turns resistance from a simple opposition to a control of the means of representation. Success for the Palestinian people will never come from armed struggle but from the control of representation and the communication of the Palestinian situation to a dominant audience. In this way the achievement of Orientalism can be extended to the level of contemporary politics. 相似文献
894.
Recent research on providing utility analysis (UA) information has shown small positive effects on acceptance of selection tests by human resource decision-makers (Carson, Becker, & Henderson, Journal of Applied Psychology, 83 84–96 (1998). In the present study, 218 managers provided reactions to UA information. Not only do our findings replicate the positive effects of UA, we found managers also responded favorably to UA information when asked independently of the decision making process. Specifically, when asked to rank order information in terms of what they perceived to be most influential in helping them make their final decisions, those who received UA information ranked it among the highest. 相似文献
895.
John Wilson 《Journal of Beliefs & Values》2004,25(3):339-345
Altruism is an ideal which is almost universally approved. It is argued here that such almost universal acceptance of altruism may be grounded on a failure to interrogate the complexity both of the philosophical construct and of the human motivation underpinning its implementation. 相似文献
896.
Paul N. Wilson 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2002,21(2):199-210
In experiment 1, 7-and 8-year-old children learned to classify six features, A–F, as belonging to one of two artificial categories,
or to neither category. Feature A and the compound BC were designated as members of Category 1, the compounds DE and EF were
members of category 2, while D alone and the compound AB, belonged to neither category. Following successful learning, the
participants were asked to rate two groups of test features, ABC and DEF, as likely members of their respective categories.
Participants' certainty ratings of the categorization of the compound DEF were greater than for the compound ABC. Experiment
2 replicated the results of experiment 1 with adult participants. These data are at odds with predictions from an elemental
associative theory, that suggested by Rescorla and Wagner (1972), which assumes that category judgements are made on the basis
of associations between individual features and a category. 相似文献
897.
Holly Etchegary Fiona Miller Sonya deLaat Brenda Wilson June Carroll Mario Cappelli 《Journal of genetic counseling》2009,18(3):252-264
Since genetic information has implications for family members, some choices about genetic risk may be influenced by perceptions
of responsibility to relatives. Drawing upon 25 semi-structured interviews with test recipients in Canada, this study explored
decisions about inherited breast-ovarian and colon cancer. Qualitative data analysis revealed the pervasive significance of
genetic responsibility in test decisions. We highlight three dimensions of genetic responsibility: 1) to know about the self
for self; 2) to know about the self for others; 3) to know about the self to oblige others to know. It is argued that these
dimensions of genetic responsibility have implications for test decisions, family relationships and other family members’
desire to know (or not know) and to act (or not act) with respect to their own genetic risk. In particular, genetic responsibility
may play out as a framing of a relative’s moral obligation to know their risk that could obviate any interest they might have
in not knowing. We conclude that perceptions of responsibility to—and of−other family members be thoroughly explored in genetic
counseling sessions. 相似文献
898.
Amori Yee Mikami Daniel J. Cox Margaret T. Davis H. Kent Wilson R. Lawrence Merkel Roger Burket 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2009,16(3):233-242
This study examined whether adolescent females with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are differentially responsive
than their male counterparts to extended-release stimulant medications. This investigation may bear special importance for
an adolescent (as opposed to child) population, because hormonal and metabolism differences between sexes are most likely
to emerge at this time. Male (n = 19) and female (n = 16) adolescents, ages 16–19 with ADHD, participated in a randomized, double-blind crossover study evaluating the effectiveness
of osmotic-release methylphenidate, extended release amphetamine salts, placebo, and routine limited medication regimen. Medication
efficacy was evaluated using ADHD symptom ratings from adolescent self-report and parent report, along with objective measures
of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity during driving performance and neuropsychological tasks. Males and females were
largely equivalent in impairment, and medication was similarly effective in reducing symptoms. No interactions were found
between sex and medication on any measure of effectiveness or side effects. This finding suggests that the efficacy and tolerability
of extended-release stimulant medications is equivalent for male and female adolescents with ADHD. 相似文献
899.
Michael D. Barnett Tracey Ledoux Luz M. Garcini Jeff Baker 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2009,16(2):194-199
A body of research has demonstrated that the Type D personality is a risk factor among cardiac patients. Previous studies
validating the Type D Scale (DS14) across other clinical groups have not included chronic pain patients in their samples.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the construct and concurrent validity of the DS14 using the MMPI-2. The DS14
and its two component subscales demonstrated strong internal consistency among chronic pain patients. The two subscales of
the DS14 were found to be related to similar clinical scales on the MMPI-2, and significant differences were found in the
MMPI-2 profiles of individuals with and without the Type D personality. Considerations for clinical practice and research
are discussed. 相似文献
900.
Brandon C. McKinney Wilson Sze Benjamin Lee Geoffrey G. Murphy 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2009,92(4):519-528
Previously, we demonstrated that mice in which the gene for the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel CaV1.3 is deleted (CaV1.3 knockout mice) exhibit an impaired ability to consolidate contextually-conditioned fear. Given that this form of Pavlovian fear conditioning is critically dependent on the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA), we were interested in the mechanisms by which CaV1.3 contributes to BLA neurophysiology. In the present study, we used in vitro amygdala slices prepared from CaV1.3 knockout mice and wild-type littermates to explore the role of CaV1.3 in long-term potentiation (LTP) and intrinsic neuronal excitability in the BLA. We found that LTP in the lateral nucleus (LA) of the BLA, induced by high-frequency stimulation of the external capsule, was significantly reduced in CaV1.3 knockout mice. Additionally, we found that BLA principal neurons from CaV1.3 knockout mice were hyperexcitable, exhibiting significant increases in firing rates and decreased interspike intervals in response to prolonged somatic depolarization. This aberrant increase in neuronal excitability appears to be at least in part due to a concomitant reduction in the slow component of the post-burst afterhyperpolarization. Together, these results demonstrate altered neuronal function in the BLA of CaV1.3 knockout mice which may account for the impaired ability of these mice to consolidate contextually-conditioned fear. 相似文献