Supporting Creativity Or Conformity? Influence of Home Environment and Parental Factors on the Value of Children's Creativity Characteristics

Although creativity is a desirable skill, parenting for creativity may be quite a challenge and may be less favored than parenting for conformity. The present study aims to investigate parent-related factors that may support creativity versus conformity at home. To this end, this study examined how parents’ attitudes and values toward creativity, creative home environment, and mindful parenting style are related to parents’ perceptions of creative versus socially acceptable characteristics. Analyses of the data collected from 1324 parents (predominantly mothers) indicated that parents were more supportive of creativity traits than socially acceptable characteristics. Most importantly, parents’ attitudes and values toward creativity and creative home environment were significantly and positively related to support for creativity characteristics, whereas mindful parenting was significantly and negatively related to support for socially acceptable characteristics in children. Those findings show that parents who value creativity and set up a creative environment are more likely to support children's creativity. Mindful parenting style seems to indirectly support creativity because it is associated with lower respect for socially acceptable characteristics, some of which are at odds with creativity. Findings are discussed in terms of the implications for training programs that enhance awareness of creativity.     

初中生学生投入的发展特点及其与同伴欺负的关系:一项三年追踪研究

采用问卷法和追踪研究设计,对北京市294名初一学生进行了连续三年的追踪测查,来考察初中生学生投入的发展特点,以及同伴欺负与学生投入发展变化的关系。运用多层线性模型进行数据分析,结果表明：（1）从初一（T1）到初三（T3）,学生的行为投入呈下降趋势（主要集中在参与学校活动的投入度上）,情感投入和认知投入呈上升趋势;（2）在控制性别和父母学历后,初中生受言语欺负会负向预测T1时的行为和情感投入;受关系欺负会负向预测T1时的行为、情感及认知投入;受身体欺负会负向预测行为投入的下降速度。     

清代中期巴黎外方传教会在川培养华籍神职人员活动述评

清代中期,巴黎外方传教会根据罗马教廷的指示,在四川落实神职人员本土化策略.传教会依据既定的原则,注重在幼童中物色合适的神父人选,强调拉丁文学习的重要性,同时允许存在用中文做礼拜的过渡时期,通过以外派留学为主和以自办修院为主两个阶段选拔和培养华籍神职人员,并为他们的传教活动提供经费资助.     

A Comparison of the Sources and Nature of Body Image Messages Perceived by Indigenous Fijian and European Australian Adolescent Girls

Australian and Fijian adolescent girls reported on the influence that sociocultural factors, including parents, peers, and the media, had on their body image attitudes. It was expected that messages that promote a thin body would be less prevalent among Fijians, as their cultural traditions place more importance on robust body sizes. An inductive thematic analysis of the girls’ semi-structured interviews indicated that both Fijian (n = 16) and Australian (n = 16) girls (aged 13–17) reported messages from similar sources, which included parents, siblings, and friends/peers. Australian girls consistently reported messages that reinforced thinness. On the other hand, Fijian girls reported messages that emphasized both thinness and robustness. The discussion focuses on the conflict between Western ideals and cultural Fijian traditions and the implications for culturally sensitive interventions.     

Investigating the Granularity of the Undo Function in Human-Computer Interfaces

Cet article présente trois expériences sur la granularité de la fonction défaire dans les interfaces humain-ordinateur. Les deux premières identifient et analysent les attentes des utilisateurs à propos de la granularité de la fonction défaire dans une tâche de traitement de texte et dans une tâche de dessin. La troisième est plus spécifique et porte sur les attentes des utilisateurs quant à la façon de défaire différentes catégories d'actions dans une tâche de dessin. Les résultats montrent qu'il existe des différences individuelles majeures dans les stratégies utilsées pour défaire, que I'on doit tenir compte des catégories d'actions dans la définition de la granularité de défaire et que les utilisateurs s'attendent à ce que presque toutes les sortes d'actions soient défaisables.
This paper presents three experiments on the granularity of the undo function in user-computer interfaces. The first two identify and analyse user expectations about the grain of undo in a word processing task and in a graphics task. The third one is more specific and tests how users expect different categories of actions to be undone in a graphics task. The results show that there are major individual differences in undo strategies, that action categories must be taken into account when defining undo granularity, and that users expect almost all kinds of actions to be undoable.     

Repeated Effects of Vigorous Interval Training in Basketball,Running-Biking,and Boxing on the Physical Self-Perceptions of Obese Adolescents

This study aims to examine the repeated effects of three sessions of vigorous interval training (VIT) in basketball, running-biking, and boxing on the physical self-perceptions (PSP) of obese adolescents participating in a dietary program. A sample of 24 obese adolescents performed the consecutive VIT sessions every week for 5 weeks. PSP were measured immediately after each training session. Analyses of covariance were used to examine changes in PSP. The results showed rapid and constant increases in PSP with significant differences according to sex, time, type of VIT, and an interaction of sex by time by type of VIT, mainly for basketball.     

青少年同伴冲突解决策略新进展

本文通过回溯近20年来国内外有关青少年同伴冲突的研究,在总结其在冲突解决策略的划分类型、影响因素及其理论、实证研究等各方面研究成果的同时,也指出了在研究方法及测量工具上的不足;并对未来同伴冲突解决策略的研究做出了展望。