排序方式: 共有49条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Jean-Louis van Gelder Corinna Martin Jan-Willem van Prooijen Reinout de Vries Marijke Marsman Margit Averdijk 《Deviant behavior》2018,39(4):461-474
We compared participant responses on three written guardianship scenarios versus visualized versions of the same scenarios in terms of realism, presence, negative affect elicited by the situation, perceived risk, and the choice to intervene. We find that people who received the visual scenarios report higher presence, but not realism, than those who received the written version. Furthermore, visual scenarios elicited stronger negative affect and resulted in a lower likelihood to intervene. Finally, presence, but not negative affect, mediated the relation between condition and the choice to intervene. Implications of the visual scenario method for future research are discussed. 相似文献
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Stimulation of hippocampal adenylyl cyclase activity dissociates memory consolidation processes for response and place learning
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Martel G Millard A Jaffard R Guillou JL 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》2006,13(3):342-348
Procedural and declarative memory systems are postulated to interact in either a synergistic or a competitive manner, and memory consolidation appears to be a highly critical stage for this process. However, the precise cellular mechanisms subserving these interactions remain unknown. To investigate this issue, 24-h retention performances were examined in mice given post-training intrahippocampal injections of forskolin (FK) aiming at stimulating hippocampal adenylyl cyclases (ACs). The injection was given at different time points over a period of 9 h following acquisition in either an appetitive bar-pressing task or water-maze tasks challenging respectively "response memory" and "place memory." Retention testing (24 h) showed that FK injection altered memory formation only when given within a 3- to 6-h time window after acquisition but yielded opposite memory effects as a function of task demands. Retention of the spatial task was impaired, whereas retention of both the cued-response in the water maze and the rewarded bar-press response were improved. Intrahippocampal injections of FK produced an increase in pCREB immunoreactivity, which was strictly limited to the hippocampus and lasted less than 2 h, suggesting that early effects (0-2 h) of FK-induced cAMP/CREB activation can be distinguished from late effects (3-6 h). These results delineate a consolidation period during which specific cAMP levels in the hippocampus play a crucial role in enhancing memory processes mediated by other brain regions (e.g., dorsal or ventral striatum) while eliminating interference by the formation of hippocampus-dependent memory. 相似文献
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Jean-Louis Roussel Michel Fayol Pierre Barrouillet 《Journal of Cognitive Psychology》2013,25(1):61-104
The opposition between declarative and procedural knowledge is used to account for the solution by more or less expert and novice arithmeticians of simple additions and multiplications presented either in mixed blocks (Experiments 1 and 3) or unmixed blocks (Experiment 2) in an equation verification task. In the three experiments, presenting the sign (+ vs 2) before the operands had a stronger effect in additions than in multiplications. This priming effect indicates that many participants use a counting procedure for additions that coexists with the declarative knowledge stored in the associative network. In contrast, the small size (and sometimes the absence) of a priming effect for the ''x'' sign, together with the weak effect of size and the frequency of interaction effects, reveals the essentially declarative nature of multiplication solution. 相似文献
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This study investigates the relative contribution of body parts in the elaboration of a whole-body egocentric attraction phenomenon previously observed during earth-based judgments. This was addressed through a particular earth-based task requiring estimating the possibility of passing under a projected line, imagining a forward horizontal displacement. Different postural configurations were tested, involving whole-body tilt, trunk tilt alone or head tilt alone. Two legs positions relative to the trunk were manipulated. Results showed systematic deviations of the subjective “passability” toward the tilt, linearly related to the tilt magnitude. For each postural configuration, the egocentric influence appeared to be highly dependent on the position of trunk and head axes, whereas the legs position appeared not relevant. When compared to the whole-body tilt condition, tilting the trunk alone consistently reduced the amount of the deviation toward the tilt, whereas tilting the head alone consistently increased it. Our results suggest that several specific effects from multiple body parts can account for the global deviation of the estimates observed during whole-body tilt. Most importantly, we support that the relative contribution of the body segments could mainly depend on a reweighting process, probably based on the reliability of sensory information available for a particular postural set. 相似文献
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Jean-Louis Gardies 《Studia Logica》1971,29(1):149-152
Sans résuméAllatum est die 26 Junii 1970 相似文献
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G rard Brand Jean-Louis Millot 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B: Comparative and Physiological Psychology》2001,54(3):259-270
The sex of individuals plays an important part in determining their olfactory abilities, with females generally being superior to males. The present review examines the way in which sex differences influence sensitivity, identification, familiarity, and recognition of odours. It also examines whether sex differences are more pronounced with some odours than others, and how sex differences are affected by the manner of testing. Two different explanations for the superiority of females over males in olfaction are evaluated. 相似文献
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Emilie Constant Lorena Leuchtmann Véronique Christophe Guy Bodenmann François Gabrielli Laurent Ott Jean-Louis Nandrino 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2020,61(4):574-581
This study explored self-regulatory efforts during the viewing of couple interactions and their association with relationship satisfaction. High-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) was measured for each participant during a video recall of a recent couple interaction to quantify the self-regulatory processes governed by parasympathetic activity. Among 30 couples, HF-HRV was measured continuously during three specific periods to explore its change over time using a video-recall procedure: (1) resting state; (2) viewing of couple interactions (expressing daily life situations and conflictual interactions); and (3) recovery. Results of multilevel models revealed a u-shaped pattern of HF-HRV responses for men and women across the three periods with a nadir at the midway through the process. This pattern of physiological change (vagal suppression) reflects a flexible response to a stressful situation. Nevertheless, the pattern of physiological responses varied according to the level of relationship satisfaction. Men who were more satisfied in their couple relationship presented greater vagal suppression than dissatisfied men. In contrast, no significant HF-HRV changes were found in women over the different periods of the video-recall procedure and no moderating effect of relationship satisfaction. We discuss the different patterns of physiological responses observed both for men and women in terms of interindividual variability according to the level of their relationship satisfaction. The present study highlights the important role of relationship satisfaction in regulatory processes. 相似文献