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51.
Irving Louis Horowitz 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》1998,11(1-2):16-23
This is an ethnographic report on a conference entitled “The Politics of Publishing” which featured editors and writers from
leading magazines and journals of political opinion. The aim of the conference was to articulate the intellectual ground on
which each publication is predicated. A further goal of these observations was to seek out a common ground, a consensual series
of assumptions, that permits such journals and their leading participants to flourish amidst conflict and opposing viewpoints.
The article is less a study of the relationship of knowledge and policy, as such, as much as it is a study of the weaker forms
of these terms, namely, information and ideology. These remarks are thus intended as a contribution to the elite impact on
mass public opinion at one level, and the cornucopia of political ideas at a somewhat more abstract level.
He also serves as Chairman of the Board of Transaction Publishers, located at Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA 08903. 相似文献
52.
Jean Sunde Peterson Nicholas Colangelo 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1996,74(4):399-407
Underachievement in gifted students has perplexed educators and parents for decades. Researchers are continually looking for information about the nature and patterns of gifted underachievers that will enlighten those concerned. Counselors are particularly involved, because they often are asked to provide illumination and interventions. This study demonstrates how information in the cumulative school file, accessible to the school counselor, is a rich resource for understanding the patterns of achievement and underachievement among students identified as gifted and for use in planning interventions for students at risk for underachievement. Participants were gifted students (N = 153) who were determined to be either achievers or under-achievers, based on their grade point average at graduation. High and moderate achievers and moderate and extreme underachievers were compared on information found in the school file, such as attendance, tardiness, course selection, and onset and duration of underachievement. Results indicate that there are differences between achievers and underachievers on a number of variables found in the school files. Profiles of these groups are presented with suggestions for actions by counselors. 相似文献
53.
Patricia Walsh‐Frank 《亚洲哲学》1996,6(1):5-16
Compassion is an emotion that occupies a central position in Mahāyāna Buddhist philosophy while it is often a neglected subject in contemporary western philosophy. This essay is a comparison between an Eastern view of compassion based upon Mahāyāna Buddhist perspectives and a western view of the same emotion. Certain principles found in Mahāyāna Buddhist philosophy such as the Bodhisattva Ideal, and suffering (dukkha) to name two, are explored for the information they contain about compassion. An essay by Lawrence Blum is taken as representative of a Western view (but not exclusively) and it is analyzed for its shortcomings in light of the Buddhist view. The conclusion briefly describes the value of understanding an eastern view on compassion as a means of filling the void one finds in western medical ethics discourse which focuses so heavily, and redundantly, upon issues such as patient autonomy and paternalism. 相似文献
54.
PsyCLE is a 3-year project involving over 30 United Kingdom universities to develop multimedia resources for introductory psychology courses. Our goal is to support active learning and encourage students to form a sound understanding of concepts under study. The developments focus on interactive tasks, illustrative case study material, and tools to support critical thinking and analysis. We discuss the rationale for the approach adopted and describe the developed resources and their evaluation and use. 相似文献
55.
Jean M. Williams 《International journal of stress management》1996,3(4):209-221
Over the last two and a half decades, researchers have tried to determine if psychological variables predispose or buffer athletes from injury. They have found that sport participants who experience many recent stressors, and who do not have the resources and skills to cope with the stress, seem most at risk for injury. This article reviews that research as well as efforts to identify mechanisms that might explain why the stress-injury relationship occurs and interventions that will hopefully reduce the injury risk. Because the multicomponent stress-injury model of Andersen and Williams (1988) helped provide the impetus and theoretical base for much of that research, it serves as the foundation for organizing and summarizing the findings. Although the research has focused largely on sport injuries, the findings have relevance for understanding and potentially preventing many accidents and injuries that occur outside the realm of sport participation. 相似文献
56.
Starting with a prototypical model of Newtonian mechanics, a sequence of dynamic models with increasing structural complexity is presented. The implicated smooth variation along a dimension of structural complexity yields dynamic models which display organismic properties such as stagewise development and emergent self-organization. Consequently, it is concluded that dynamic models of development are inherently neutral with respect to the mechanism-organicism controversy. Accordingly, a unitary research program is proposed in which these dynamic models serve as building blocks for the construction of a coherent explanatory system of development. 相似文献
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Between three serial two-choice reaction-time tasks, the response-stimulus interval (RSI), stimulus-response compatibility, and practice were varied in order to examine two determinants of sequential effects — subjective expectancy and automatic aftereffect. It appears that subjective expectancy is absent when the RSI is below a critical minimum. In an incompatible task, however, this minimum is greater. This is interpreted in support of the single-channel hypothesis: the subject only builds up expectancies when the “central processor” is unoccupied. The automatic aftereffect increases as the RSI decreases. The decay of the aftereffect seems to take place mainly during the RSI and only to a minor degree during the reaction process. Normally, a strong aftereffect operates in a general way, but after extensive practice it becomes stimulus specific. A model is presented, which assumes that only at the initial stages of practice is the unused “neural pathway” inhibited each time the stimulus is an alternation. 相似文献
60.
Louis R. Ormont 《Group》1980,4(4):17-26
This article presents an experiential approach to supervision which evolved over a 15 year period. Through the use of the feelings induced in a group of colleagues, the countertransferential difficulties of the presenter can be ascertained. From there the dynamics of the group under discussion can be sorted out, and interventions can be developed. Various forms of countertrans-ferential reactions are described. Examples are offered to link practice with theory.Address delivered at the Boston Institute for Psychotherapies Conference on Supervision: Theory and Process on November 3, 1979. 相似文献