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241.
John G.H. Dunn Janice Causgrove Dunn Keith McDonald 《Psychology of sport and exercise》2012,13(6):747-755
ObjectivesTo examine the domain-specific nature of perfectionism in sport and school, and to examine potential links between domain-specific perceived competence, perceived importance (task value), and perfectionism in sport and school.Design and MethodA total of 255 male and female varsity student-athletes from a successful intercollegiate sport program completed domain-specific (i.e., sport and school) versions of Hewitt and Flett's (1991) Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (HF-MPS). Participants also completed an inventory designed to assess perceived competence (PC) in sport versus school and perceived importance (PI) of success in sport versus school.ResultsExploratory factor analyses conducted on perfectionism data indicated that perfectionist orientations were organized around domain-specific as opposed to global perfectionist tendencies. Regression analyses indicated that PC was a significant predictor of domain-specific levels of self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism (ps < .05), and PI was a significant predictor of domain-specific levels of self-oriented, socially prescribed, and other-oriented perfectionism (ps < .001). A repeated-measures MANOVA revealed that student-athletes had significantly higher levels of perfectionism in sport than school (ps < .0001) across all three HF-MPS subscales.ConclusionResults reinforce the value of measuring perfectionism as a domain-specific (rather than global) personality disposition, and identify the potential role that perceived competence and perceived importance may play in the development of domain-specific perfectionism. 相似文献
242.
Murray SB Rieger E Hildebrandt T Karlov L Russell J Boon E Dawson RT Touyz SW 《Body image》2012,9(2):193-200
In the context of the lack of nosological clarity surrounding muscle dysmorphia, this paper aims to compare the symptomatic profile of muscle dysmorphia and anorexia nervosa in males whilst using measures sensitive to indexing male body image concerns. Twenty-one male muscle dysmorphia patients, 24 male anorexia nervosa patients, and 15 male gym-using controls completed the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire, the Muscle Dysmorphia Disorder Inventory, the Compulsive Exercise Test, and a measure of appearance-enhancing substance use. Men with muscle dysmorphia and anorexia nervosa demonstrated widespread symptomatic similarities spanning the domains of disturbed body image, disordered eating, and exercise behaviour, whilst differences were consistent with the opposing physiques pursued in each condition. Furthermore, correlational analyses revealed significant associations between scores on muscle dysmorphia and eating disorder measures. The present findings provide moderate support for the notion that muscle dysmorphia may be nosologically similar to anorexia nervosa. 相似文献
243.
Kay E. Worsfold 《Humanistic Psychologist》2013,41(1):54-69
The prime objective of this study was to explore an initial operationalization of embodied reflection in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT). The concept of embodied reflection, derived from a phenomenological frame of reference, is presented. The implications of an embodied reflection perspective for understanding how body awareness in MBCT fosters therapeutic change are discussed. This article presents the results of a small-scale exploratory qualitative study illustrating processes of embodied reflection for different subgroups of MBCT participants. The analysis suggests that different subgroups are able to harness body awareness in different ways depending on their precourse strategy for avoiding emotional experience. It is proposed that further exploration and refinement of the processes of embodied reflection will enhance clinical practice and treatment outcomes. 相似文献
244.
Janice Thomas 《British Journal for the History of Philosophy》2013,21(3):507-523
Montesquieu's Considérations sur les causes de la grandeur des Romains et de leur décadence (1733/1734) is a methodological exercise in causal explanation on the meso-level applied to the subject of the military rise and fall of Rome. Rome is described as a system with contingent initial conditions that have a strong path-determining effect. Contingent and plastic initial configurations become highly determining in their subsequent operation, thanks to self-reinforcing feedback loops. Montesquieu's method seems influenced by the ruthless commitment to efficient causality and the reductionism of seventeenth-century mechanicist philosophy; but in contrast to these predecessors, he is more interested in dynamic processes than in unchangeable substances, and his use of efficient causality in the context of a system approach implies a form of holism that is lacking in his predecessors. The formal and conceptual analysis in this article is in many ways complementary with Paul Rahe's recent predominantly political analysis of the Considérations. At the same time, this article points to a problem in the works on the Enlightenment by Jonathan Israel: his account stresses a one-dimensional continuum consisting of Radical, Moderate and Counter-Enlightenment. This invites Israel to place the combined religious, political and philosophical views of each thinker on one of these three points. His scheme runs into trouble when a thinker with moderate religious and political views produces radical philosophical concepts. Montesquieu's Considérations is a case in point. 相似文献
245.
Literature on women’s reproductive health experiences after spinal cord injuries (SCI) documents a temporary period of amenorrhea after women’s injuries. However, research is lacking on how women with SCI feel about amenorrhea or menstruation. That is, we do not know the meanings that women with permanent, physical disability ascribe to their experiences of simultaneously “normal” and “abnormal” reproductive processes. Prioritizing a feminist disability perspective and using interview data from a snowball sample of 20 women with SCI in Detroit, Michigan, in the United States, we outline how interviewees are ambivalent (yet also slightly negative) towards menstruation and amenorrhea within the context of their disability, and may be both different from and similar to able-bodied women in their attitudes and experiences as a result. 相似文献
246.
Janice Broun 《宗教、国家与社会》2013,41(4):365-394
Religion in China Today: Policy and Practice by Donald E. Maclnnis. Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books, 1989. Paperback, 458 pp. No Longer Strangers, Selected Writings of Bishop K. H. Ting edited with an introduction by Raymond L. Whitehead. Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books, 1989. 199 pp. Pol Pot Plans the Future. Confidential Leadership Documents from Democratic Kampuchea, 1976–1977. Translated and Edited by David P. Chandler, Ben Kiernan and Chanthou Boua. Monograph Series 33/Yale University South East Asia Studies Yale Center for International and Area Studies. 1988. Paperback, 346 pp. The Church and Socialism in Cuba by Raul Gomez Treto. Translated from the Spanish by Phillip Berryman. Maryknoll, Orbis Books, 1988. The Puzzle of the Soviet Church. An Inside Look at Christianity and Glasnost by Kent R. Hill. Portland: Multnomah Press, in co‐operation with the Institute on Religion and Democracy, 1989.417 pp. The World Council of Churches and Politics 1975–1986 by J. A. Emerson Vermaat. New York: Freedom Press, 1989. Paperback, 128 pp. 相似文献
247.
Karantin by V. Maksimov, Possev, Frankfurt, 1973, 364 pp. French translation: En Quarantine by Vladimir Maximov, Grasset, Paris, 1974, 304 pp. 34 F. Red Star Over Tibet, by Dawa Norbu, Collins, London, 1974, 254 pp. £3.50. La Repressione Culturale In Lituania, Edizioni Jaca Book, Milano, 1972. A cura di Felix Milani, Centro Studi Russia Cristiana, Via Martinengo, Milano. 190 pp. 相似文献
248.
Sandra Kay 《创造力研究杂志》2013,25(3):233-252
The processes of finding a solution to a stated problem and those employed in formulating a problem prior to determining a solution strategy are implied by the behaviors observed in the manipulation of figural symbol systems. Sixty adult participants agreed to be videotaped while given two measures of spatial visualization, a figural problem‐solving activity, and two games which required defining a problem prior to producing a result. When groups, defined by their experience in producing ideas in art, were compared, traditional quantitative measures of performance yielded few significant differences. However, multivariate analyses of the observed qualitative variables resulted in significant differences. Theoretical and educational implications are discussed. 相似文献
249.
Anthony C. Hackney Silas N. Pearman III Janice M. Nowacki 《Journal of Applied Sport Psychology》2013,25(1):21-33
Abstract Recently, it has become apparent that many athletes are exposed to very high volumes of intense training. Sometimes, rather than adapting normally to the training stimulus (i.e., improving in performance), the athlete experiences a reduction in his or her performance capacity. This occurrence has been termed overtraining or a state of staleness. The intent of this review is to characterize the physiological changes found in athletes exposed to overtraining or exhibiting a state of staleness. Changes and responses in five general physiological systems are discussed 1) neuromuscular, 2) cardiovascular, 3) metabolic-endocrine, 4) im-munological, kind 5) kinanthropometric. Perturbations within each of the major physiological systems associated with physical performance have been reported. Inconsistencies, however, exist in the degree and nature of the physiological changes. The present treatment for staleness consists of rest, and in some cases, complete abstention from training and sporting activities may be necessary. Many athletes find such treatment practices extremely undesirable. Unfortunately, until more extensive research examining the physiological changes and responses of the overtrained/stale athlete is conducted, few other recourses appear to exist. 相似文献
250.
James Campbell Quick Janice R. Joplin Debra L. Nelson Jonathan D. Quick 《Anxiety, stress, and coping》2013,26(1):41-54
This article builds on the original foundations of attachment theory and traces the strategies for achieving felt security into the adulthood years. The theoretical case is made for a link between a secure, self-reliant strategy and healthy adulthood functioning. This self-reliant strategy counteracts the health risk factors of social isolation and separation in human relationships. The strategy results in an enduring personality characteristic of self-reliance, a paradoxical pattern of behavior characterized by flexibility and bonding in relationships which appears rather autonomous. This article proposes a work-related measure of self-reliance which also incorporates the two insecure, unhealthy strategies for achieving felt security. These strategies are the dismissing strategy, which results in a counterdependent pattern of behavior, and the preoccupied strategy, which results in an overdependent behavior pattern. Preliminary reliability and validity data concerning the Self-Reliance Inventory are presented. 相似文献