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191.
The Role of Prenatal Maternal Stress in Child Development 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Janet A. DiPietro 《Current directions in psychological science》2004,13(2):71-74
192.
In the present research we examined the association between Modern Sexist beliefs and identifying and engaging in subtle sexist behavior. In Study 1, we found that those who endorsed Modern Sexist beliefs were less likely to detect the occurrence of normative sexist behavior (i.e., the use of sexist language), and this oversight was a function of their failure to define such behavior as sexist. In Study 2, we found that those who endorsed Modern Sexist beliefs were more likely to use sexist language and less likely to use nonsexist language. Use of nonsexist language was a function of personal definitions of sexist language. Results are discussed in terms of motivations to self-correct discriminatory behavior and conceptualizations of current forms of sexism. 相似文献
193.
Kyle W. Harvison Janet Woodruff-Borden Sarah E. Jeffery 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2004,11(3):217-232
Panic disorder (PD) is associated with the rapid onset of fear-related symptomatology, often somatic in nature. As a result, individuals with the disorder often fear that they are experiencing a life-threatening emergency and present in hospital emergency departments (EDs). As the operating heuristics of EDs are geared toward identifying organic causes and allow only brief physician–patient contact, the diagnosis of PD is more often than not overlooked. Those with the disorder go on to incur enormous costs as they seek out an explanation for their symptoms. Efforts to alleviate this problem, including increased physician education and the development of screening instruments, have been largely unsuccessful. The continued misidentification and mismanagement of this disorder argues for greater incorporation of mental health professionals into the ED, allowing collaborative efforts that recognize the relationship between physiological and psychological aspects of panic. 相似文献
194.
195.
Cole DA Cai L Martin NC Findling RL Youngstrom EA Garber J Curry JF Hyde JS Essex MJ Compas BE Goodyer IM Rohde P Stark KD Slattery MJ Forehand R 《心理评价》2011,23(4):819-833
Our goals in this article were to use item response theory (IRT) to assess the relation of depressive symptoms to the underlying dimension of depression and to demonstrate how IRT-based measurement strategies can yield more reliable data about depression severity than conventional symptom counts. Participants were 3,403 children and adolescents from 12 contributing clinical and nonclinical samples; all participants had received the Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Aged Children. Results revealed that some symptoms reflected higher levels of depression and were more discriminating than others. Furthermore, use of IRT-based information about symptom severity and discriminability in the measurement of depression severity was shown to reduce measurement error and increase measurement fidelity. 相似文献
196.
The wraparound process has emerged as perhaps the most frequently implemented comprehensive approach for planning and providing
individualized, community-based care for children and adolescents with serious mental health conditions. Providing comprehensive
care through the wraparound process necessarily requires a high level of collaboration across organization and agency boundaries.
This need for significant inter-agency or “system-level” collaboration creates a complex implementation environment for wraparound.
It is therefore not surprising that creating and sustaining a hospitable implementation environment has proven to be extremely
challenging. For the people who are responsible for managing the inter-organizational collaboration, it is not easy to evaluate
the adequacy of local system-level support for wraparound and to see exactly what kinds of supports are lacking or where system-development
efforts should focus. Furthermore, as system-development strategies are put into practice, it can be difficult to assess whether
or not meaningful progress is occurring. The Community Supports for Wraparound Inventory (CSWI) was developed to respond to
the need for an assessment of the extent to which a community has developed system-level capacity to implement wraparound.
This article reports on a study that evaluated the reliability and validity of the CSWI for use in communities implementing
wraparound. Findings indicate that the CSWI shows promise as a reliable, valid and useful tool. 相似文献
197.
Kwapis JL Jarome TJ Schiff JC Helmstetter FJ 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》2011,18(11):728-732
Memory for delay fear conditioning requires the synthesis of new mRNA and protein in the basolateral amygdala. It is currently unknown whether similar molecular processes in the amygdala are required for the formation of trace fear memory, in which a stimulus-free interval is inserted between the conditional stimulus (CS) and unconditional stimulus (UCS). Here, we show that infusion of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin into the basolateral amygdala disrupts consolidation of both trace and delay fear conditioning. This is the first evidence that protein synthesis in the amygdala is necessary for the formation of both trace and delay fear memory. 相似文献
198.
While humans are adept at recognizing emotional states conveyed by facial expressions, the current literature suggests that they lack accurate metacognitions about their performance in this domain. This finding comes from global trait-based questionnaires that assess the extent to which an individual perceives him or herself as empathic, as compared to other people. Those who rate themselves as empathically accurate are no better than others at recognizing emotions. Metacognition of emotion recognition can also be assessed using relative measures that evaluate how well a person thinks s/he has understood the emotion in a particular facial display as compared to other displays. While this is the most common method of metacognitive assessment of people's judgments of learning or their feelings of knowing, this kind of metacognition--"relative meta-accuracy"--has not been studied within the domain of emotion. As well as asking for global metacognitive judgments, we asked people to provide relative, trial-by-trial prospective and retrospective judgments concerning whether they would be right or wrong in recognizing the expressions conveyed in particular facial displays. Our question was: Do people know when they will be correct in knowing what expression is conveyed, and do they know when they do not know? Although we, like others, found that global meta-accuracy was unpredictive of performance, relative meta-accuracy, given by the correlation between participants' trial-by-trial metacognitive judgments and performance on each item, were highly accurate both on the Mind in the Eyes task (Experiment 1) and on the Ekman Emotional Expression Multimorph task (in Experiment 2). 相似文献
199.
The aim of the present study was to expand the scope of category norm and typicality data to include verbs for use when investigating
semantic memory in fields such as linguistics, psychology, and aphasiology. Two experiments were conducted. In the first,
participants were asked to list verbs within 10 semantic categories (e.g. breaking, cleaning, cooking, etc.) and 10 noun categories (e.g. animals, fruit, tools, etc.). In the second experiment, participants were asked to rate the typicality of verbs within 8 of the previously investigated
verb categories. Although participants listed fewer verbs in verb categories than nouns in noun categories, the overall patterns
with regard to correlation analyses between production frequency, mean rank of responses, lexical frequency, and typicality
were consistent with those observed in noun categories. These patterns are also consistent with those observed in previous
research. Potential similarities and differences between nouns and verbs, as well as future applications of such data, are
discussed. 相似文献
200.