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961.
Non-Violent Survival Strategies in the Face of Intimate Partner Violence and Economic Discrimination
Intimate partner violence (IPV) theory often locates violence equitably between women and men. Women, however, sustain greater degrees of injury than men and often use violence as a measure of protection rather than as an act of aggression. Yet measures of protection must be viewed in multiple contexts. In this case, the context is poverty, which reveals that violence by women in response to IPV is not the only way that women deal with the violence in their lives. This article explicates four strategies that battered women in poverty deploy in their protective trajectory and highlight alternative resistance strategies women use to overcome multiple structural barriers. 相似文献
962.
Janet I. Warren Park E. Dietz Robert R. Hazelwood 《Aggression and violent behavior》2013,18(6):666-672
In our prior research, we have encountered a distinct category of serial, sexual offenders who invest themselves in developing unique collections of artifacts that link them to their victims. This behavior is counter-intuitive as it represents irrefutable proof of their responsibility for multiple serious crimes. Nonetheless, the process of collecting these artifacts and the experience of maintaining them together, and in proximity to the offender, appear to represent a psychological experience that is central to the motivation for perpetrating the crimes. In this paper, we explore five modalities of recording used singularly or in combination by some of the most prolific and egregious sexual offenders prosecuted in the past 40 years. We use these case studies as a platform for exploring the psychological dynamics underlying this behavior, and to further alert law enforcement and forensic evaluators to the existence and significance of these unique forms of crime evidence. 相似文献
963.
Nalini Tarakeshwar PhD Michelle J. Pearce Kathleen J. Sikkema 《Mental health, religion & culture》2013,16(3):179-190
The aims of the current study were to (1) describe a spirituality-oriented, group pilot intervention for HIV-positive adults, and (2) examine the preliminary impact of the intervention among a sample (N?=?13) of adults living with HIV in an urban city in northeast United States. The 8-session intervention, based on the cognitive theory of stress and coping and the framework of spiritual coping, addressed stressors unique to HIV disease. Changes in spiritual coping and mental health were evaluated using a within group pretest-posttest design. Results revealed that, at post-intervention, participants reported higher self-rated religiosity, more use of positive spiritual coping, lower use of negative spiritual coping, and lower depression. Studies using a randomized, controlled design with larger samples of individuals with HIV are needed to determine the efficacy of a spiritual intervention when compared to a secular one. 相似文献
964.
Julie D. Henry Louise H. Phillips 《Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition》2013,20(3-4):529-551
ABSTRACT Standard measures of phonemic and semantic fluency, as well as fluency measures that impose additional demands upon set-switching were administered to younger and older adults. No age effect was found for total output on semantic fluency, while older participants generated significantly more responses relative to their younger counterparts on the phonemic measure. However, older adults made significantly more perseverative errors on both these measures. For tests of alternating fluency, only where participants were required to switch between two semantic dimensions, was an age deficit observed. Although the correlation between phonemic repetitions and age remained significant when performance on the Digit Symbol Test or a measure of fluid intelligence was partialled out, age effects for semantic repetitions and semantic alternating fluency were substantially reduced. The age benefit for number of correct responses upon phonemic fluency was significantly attenuated when a measure of crystallized intelligence was entered as a control variable. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed. 相似文献
965.
Rebecca E. Ready Brian R. Ott Janet Grace 《Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition》2013,20(2):144-154
ABSTRACT Preliminary evidence suggests that quality of life reports from patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) are as reliable and valid as data provided by caregivers. To date, no studies compared the factor structure of data provided by caregivers and patients. Factor analyses are important to conduct because they are an indicator of validity. This study compared the factor structure of patient and caregiver reports on the Dementia Quality of Life scale (DQoL). Participants (N?=?67) were patients diagnosed with amnestic MCI or mild AD and their caregivers. Principal axis factor analyses were run separately on patient and caregiver report data. The three-factor solutions for patient and caregiver data were nearly identical. Three factors corresponding to positive affect, negative affect, and aesthetics emerged reliably from analyses. Thus, data from patients demonstrated a factor structure that was highly consistent with caregiver report data and conformed to meaningful psychological constructs. 相似文献
966.
Charles Stangor Janet K. Swim Gretchen B. Sechrist Jamie DeCoster Katherine L. Van Allen Alison Ottenbreit 《European Review of Social Psychology》2013,24(1):277-311
Discrimination towards members of low-status groups takes a variety of forms, and results in a variety of negative consequences for its victims. Furthermore, discrimination may influence its targets either directly (for instance, when housing discrimination makes insurance, mortgage rates, or rents higher for African Americans than for whites) or indirectly, that is via perceptions on the part of the stigmatised. In the latter case the outcomes are caused or amplified by perceptions on the part of the victim that he or she is the target of discrimination. This chapter focuses on current research concerning factors that influence the perception of discrimination and its indirect influence on individuals. We review work from our own lab as well as from the field more broadly, focusing on research that attempts to explain contextual and individual variability in how events that are potentially due to discrimination are initially perceived, subsequently interpreted, and then publicly reported or withheld. 相似文献
967.
Janet Hilbun 《Journal of Religious & Theological Information》2013,12(3-4):181-201
From a historical perspective, the United States has, from its inception, been a country where religion, politics, and literature were closely linked. Early publications were religious tracts and children learned to read using the Bible and other religious works. Religious influence into the culture and politics of the country has increased dramatically since the 1980s and the question arises as to whether this influence is being seen in young adult literature of the period. Therefore, a look at modern realistic fiction must begin by looking at the history of children's and young adult literature produced by mainstream publishers in the United States. 相似文献
968.
Russell E. Phillips III Clara Michelle Cheng Kenneth I. Pargament Carmen Oemig Sonya D. Colvin Ashley N. Abarr 《The International journal for the psychology of religion》2013,23(4):231-243
Researchers in the United States have examined spiritual coping in Christians, Jews, Hindus, and Muslims, but rarely Buddhists. Using qualitative methodology, the present study represents an initial investigation into Buddhist forms of coping. Twenty-four Buddhists from across the United States were interviewed by phone, examining how their spirituality is used to cope with stress. Thematic analyses revealed six forms of Buddhist coping—right understanding, meditation, mindfulness, spiritual struggles, morality, and finding support in one's sangha. Implications of the study are discussed, including possibilities for future research on Buddhist coping. 相似文献
969.
970.
Charles Neuringer PhD 《Journal of personality assessment》2013,95(6):535-539
A review of the Rorschach suicide literature written 10 years ago called for cross validation studies and the use of refined methodology in order to enhance the usefulness of the test as a device for the identification, prediction, and understanding of suicidal ideation and behavior. The present followup review was undertaken and it was concluded that careful and refined research methodology can somewhat enhance sensitivity of the Rorschach to suicidal activity. It was also concluded the replicative research has not supported previously promising Rorschach suicide indicators, suggesting that the Rorschach may be an inappropriate technique for assessing suicidal activity. 相似文献