全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2267篇 |
免费 | 101篇 |
专业分类
2368篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 11篇 |
2021年 | 27篇 |
2020年 | 43篇 |
2019年 | 48篇 |
2018年 | 68篇 |
2017年 | 82篇 |
2016年 | 80篇 |
2015年 | 61篇 |
2014年 | 63篇 |
2013年 | 289篇 |
2012年 | 129篇 |
2011年 | 119篇 |
2010年 | 98篇 |
2009年 | 66篇 |
2008年 | 101篇 |
2007年 | 119篇 |
2006年 | 89篇 |
2005年 | 75篇 |
2004年 | 79篇 |
2003年 | 63篇 |
2002年 | 68篇 |
2001年 | 41篇 |
2000年 | 36篇 |
1999年 | 19篇 |
1998年 | 25篇 |
1997年 | 30篇 |
1996年 | 27篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 29篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 21篇 |
1989年 | 21篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 22篇 |
1981年 | 14篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 17篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1969年 | 8篇 |
1968年 | 8篇 |
1966年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有2368条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
A theoretical framework is proposed for understanding perceptual skills in their functional context. Pictorial perception is construed as a functionally specialised skill whose pervasive importance in modern education derives from the proliferation of pictorial materials in Western culture. Drawing on cross-cultural research, the major components of the skill are identified as (1) detection of appropriate contexts for its application, (2) selection of a limiting frame of reference, (3) use of conventional criteria of fidelity to recognise depicted items, (4) sensitivity to impoverished depth cues, (5) an expectation of finding in the picture most of the information necessary for its disambiguation, and (6) various assumptions about the range of cognitive inferences that may legitimately be made ‘beyond the information given’. Training studies are interpreted as suggesting that the skill can be enhanced through guided experience. 相似文献
42.
D M Pedersen 《Perceptual and motor skills》1983,57(1):223-226
The effects of family size on the perception of three abstract rooms that differed in social and spatial density were studied. The rooms were rated on the dimensions, evaluation, spirituality, activity, and aesthetic appeal. Of the 48 subjects half were from large families with six or more members, and half were from smaller families. Family size had no effect on the perception of the rooms. The room low in spatial density was perceived most favorably, and there was no difference in the perception of a room high in social density and one high in spatial density. 相似文献
43.
44.
David K. Simkin Jan P. Lederer Martin E. P. Seligman 《Behaviour research and therapy》1983,21(6):613-622
Group learned helplessness is demonstrated in Experiment I. Groups of 2 tried to turn off noise by their joint action. In the solvable group (S), noise offset was contingent on their sequence of button pushing. In the yoked, unsolvable group (U), noise offset was independent of all sequences of button pushes they produced. In a practice group (O). subjects practiced coordinated sequences of button pushes with their partners, but heard no noise. Later, all 3 groups were tested in pairs in a shuttlebox which required coordinated joint responding to turn off noise. The unsolvable group escaped more poorly than the other 2 groups, paralleling helplessness effects with individuals. Experiment 2 and 3 found no transfer from individual helplessness training to group testing and no transfer from group helplessness training to individual testing. We suggest that the same mechanism, the expectation of response ineffectiveness, may mediate both individual and group learned helplessness. 相似文献
45.
46.
Jan de Leeuw 《Psychometrika》1982,47(4):531-534
A formula for the determinant of a partitioned matrix, possibly with singular submatrices, is derived and applied to some psychometric and numerical problems. 相似文献
47.
Jan de Leeuw 《Psychometrika》1982,47(1):87-93
In a recent paper in this journal McDonald, Torii, and Nishisato show that generalized eigenvalue problems in which both matrices are singular can sometimes be solved by reducing them to similar problems of smaller order. In this paper a more extensive analysis of such problems is used to sharpen and clarify the results of McDonald, Torii, and Nishisato. Possible extensions are also indicated. The relevant mathematical literature is reviewed briefly. 相似文献
48.
Five classes of relations between an object and its setting can characterize the organization of objects into real-world scenes. The relations are (1) Interposition (objects interrupt their background), (2) Support (objects tend to rest on surfaces), (3) Probability (objects tend to be found in some scenes but not others), (4) Position (given an object is probable in a scene, it often is found in some positions and not others), and (5) familiar Size (objects have a limited set of size relations with other objects). In two experiments subjects viewed brief (150 msec) presentations of slides of scenes in which an object in a cued location in the scene was either in a normal relation to its background or violated from one to three of the relations. Such objects appear to (1) have the background pass through them, (2) float in air, (3) be unlikely in that particular scene, (4) be in an inappropriate position, and (5) be too large or too small relative to the other objects in the scene. In Experiment I, subjects attempted to determine whether the cued object corresponded to a target object which had been specified in advance by name. With the exception of the Interposition violation, violation costs were incurred in that the detection of objects undergoing violations was less accurate and slower than when those same objects were in normal relations to their setting. However, the detection of objects in normal relations to their setting (innocent bystanders) was unaffected by the presence of another object undergoing a violation in that same setting. This indicates that the violation costs were incurred not because of an unsuccessful elicitation of a frame or schema for the scene but because properly formed frames interfered with (or did not facilitate) the perceptibility of objects undergoing violations. As the number of violations increased, target detectability generally decreased. Thus, the relations were accessed from the results of a single fixation and were available sufficiently early during the time course of scene perception to affect the perception of the objects in the scene. Contrary to expectations from a bottom-up account of scene perception, violations of the pervasive physical relations of Support and Interposition were not more disruptive on object detection than the semantic violations of Probability, Position and Size. These are termed semantic because they require access to the referential meaning of the object. In Experiment II, subjects attempted to detect the presence of the violations themselves. Violations of the semantic relations were detected more accurately than violations of Interposition and at least as accurately as violations of Support. As the number of violations increased, the detectability of the incongruities between an object and its setting increased. These results provide converging evidence that semantic relations can be accessed from the results of a single fixation. In both experiments information about Position was accessed at least as quickly as information on Probability. Thus in Experiment I, the interference that resulted from placing a fire hydrant in a kitchen was not greater than the interference from placing it on top of a mail ? in a street scene. Similarly, violations of Probability in Experiment II were not more detectable than violations of Position. Thus, the semantic relations which were accessed included information about the detailed interactions among the objects—information which is more specific than what can be inferred from the general setting. Access to the semantic relations among the entities in a scene is not deferred until the completion of spatial and depth processing and object identification. Instead, an object's semantic relations are accessed simultaneously with its physical relations as well as with its own identification. 相似文献
49.
Jan Johansson Lars-Göran Öst 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》1982,4(2):133-143
The relationship between perceived physiological arousal and actual heart-rate reactions was studied in two behavioral test situations. The subjects were 70 phobic patients (34 social phobics and 36 claustrophobics) who were given the general form of the Autonomic Perception Questionnaire about 1 month before the respective behavioral test and the specific form immediately after the test. The results showed significant correlations between APQ and actual heart rate for the social phobics, while the picture was more complicated for the claustrophobics. The implications of these results are discussed.This research was supported by Grant 05452 from the Swedish Medical Research Council. 相似文献
50.
Jan H. A. Kroeze 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1982,31(3):276-278
In experiments on saltiness suppression in NaCL-sucrose mixtures, the amount of suppression depends not only on the suppressing sucrose component in the mixture, but also on the relative frequencies of pure NaCL stimuli and mixed stimuli in the series. The observed variation of mixture suppression as a function of these frequencies can be explained by Helson’s adaptation level theory. 相似文献