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911.
A study was conducted to investigate possible links between current marital satisfaction and age of onset of sexual intercourse, having an experience of premarital intercourse, the number of premarital sexual partners, and having an experience of premarital cohabitation. A convenience sample of subjects consisted of 41 middle-aged married Lithuanian couples. Marital satisfaction was measured by a 16-item Marital Satisfaction Scale developed by the principle investigators of this study. Results indicated no significant relationship between the experience of premarital sexual intercourse and marital satisfaction of men or women. However, men, who had more premarital partners and cohabitation experience, were less satisfied with their marriages. For women, younger onset of sexual activity and larger number of premarital partners was related to lower marital satisfaction. 相似文献
912.
913.
This study examined the relationship between heart rate variability (HRV), as an index of individual differences in emotion
regulation, and perception of other-blame, as a mechanism of anger induction. The physiological responses were recorded while
subjects read a story from a computer screen. The story narrated a negative event in self-referred way -dismissal from a job
as the result of a colleague’s action- under conditions of intentionality versus non-intentionality. Cognitive and emotional
variables were assessed by questionnaire immediately after the physiological test. The resulting structural model supports
the conclusion that HRV exerts its regulatory influence directly on perception of other-blame rather than on emotion. In situations
of intentionality, individuals with higher HRV make less extreme evaluation of the offender’s blame, versus those with lower
HRV, thus leading to a reduction in anger reaction. These results suggest that HRV is a direct index of cognitive rather than
emotional regulation. 相似文献
914.
This research aimed to investigate the time course effect of a moderate steady-state exercise session on response execution and response inhibition using a stop-task paradigm. Ten participants performed a stop-signal task whilst cycling at a carefully controlled workload intensity (40% of maximal aerobic power), immediately following exercise and 30 min after exercise cessation. Results showed that moderate exercise enhances a subjects’ ability to execute responses under time pressure (shorter Go reaction time, RT without a change in accuracy) but also enhances a subjects’ ability to withhold ongoing motor responses (shorter stop-signal RT). The present outcomes reveal that the beneficial effect of exercise is neither limited to motor response tasks, nor to cognitive tasks performed during exercise. Beneficial effects of exercise remain present on both response execution and response inhibition performance for up to 52 min after exercise cessation. 相似文献
915.
916.
Jan Bostock Maureen Plumpton Rebekah Pratt 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2009,19(2):95-110
The prevalence of domestic abuse against women has been estimated as high as one in four. The risk is particularly high for women who are younger, economically dependent, unemployed and with children. Research about the factors that maintain situations of abuse has generally focused separately on the coping strategies of women, barriers to leaving the relationship and the perpetrators' means of abuse. In this study we used a community psychology perspective to seek a broader understanding of what maintains situations of abuse, in order to suggest interventions in a rural County in the North of England. Twelve women who had experienced domestic abuse and had used voluntary sector services agreed to be interviewed about their experiences and the resources and strategies available to them. Using grounded theory we generated four themes: (1) Commonalities and contradictions in the experience of abuse; (2) living with abuse; (3) the response of systems reinforced or challenged the abuse and (4) dealing with abuse beyond the relationship. These findings illustrate how situations of domestic abuse can be prolonged by limited options available to victims for support and protection, and a lack of active public acknowledgement that domestic abuse is unacceptable. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
917.
Laurie Beth Feldman Patrick A. O’Connor Fermín Moscoso del Prado Martín 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2009,16(4):684-691
Many studies have suggested that a word’s orthographic form must be processed before its meaning becomes available. Some interpret
the (null) finding of equal facilitation after semantically transparent and opaque morphologically related primes in early
stages of morphological processing as consistent with this view. Recent literature suggests that morphological facilitation
tends to be greater after transparent than after opaque primes, however. To determine whether the degree of semantic transparency
influences parsing into a stem and a suffix (morphological decomposition) in the forward masked priming variant of the lexical
decision paradigm, we compared patterns of facilitation between semantically transparent (e.g., coolant—cool) and opaque (e.g., rampant—ramp) prime—target pairs. Form properties of the stem (frequency, neighborhood size, and prime—target letter overlap), as well
as related—unrelated and transparent—opaque affixes, were matched. Morphological facilitation was significantly greater for
semantically transparent pairs than for opaque pairs. Ratings of prime—target relatedness predicted the magnitude of facilitation.
The results limit the scope of form-then-meaning models of word recognition and demonstrate that semantic similarity can influence
even early stages of morphological processing. The research reported here was supported by National Institute of Child Health
and Development Grant HD-01994 to Haskins Laboratories. 相似文献
918.
919.
Two themes run through Kierkegaard’s authorship. The first defines existential requirements for “becoming human”—reflective
honesty and earnest humor. The second demarcates the religious phenomena of sobriety when human becoming suffers insurmountable
collisions. Living with existential pathos teaches the difference between the either/or logic of collisions and the both/and
logic of development and transitions. There is a difference between self-transformation and a progressive individual and social
development. In the developmental mode self experiences gradual progression or adaptive evolution; in the self-transformative
mode self undergoes qualitative upsurges, leaps, gestalt switches, musical key transpositions of becoming in individual and
social evolutions. Each individual in every epoch begins at the beginning. The author traces the movements of becoming in
their parallel dimensions, drawing a fork through Kierkegaard’s writing. The first leads through the existence spheres of
his pseudonymous authorship. The second intensifies the movement on the spot and in the moment.
相似文献
Martin Beck MatuštíkEmail: URL: http://www.public.asu.edu/~mmatusti |
920.
Two-way two-mode data occur in almost every domain of scientific psychology. The information present in such data, however,
may be hard to grasp because of the dimensions of one or both modes. Two-mode partitioning addresses this problem by breaking
down both modes into a number of mutually exclusive and exhaustive subsets. Although such a technique may be very useful,
up to now, software—and consequently, two-mode partitioning—has been available only to a handful of specialists in the field.
In this article, we present a free, easy-to-use MATLAB graphical user interface (TwoMP) for two-mode partitioning models,
specifically developed for nonspecialist users. A short formal introduction is given on the statistics of the method, and
the basic use of TwoMP is demonstrated with an example. 相似文献