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761.
762.
Clay Routledge Jamie Arndt Kennon M. Sheldon 《European journal of social psychology》2004,34(4):477-487
Terror management research has shown that activating thoughts about mortality (mortality salience) increases defence of one's worldview. This study investigated how worldview defence is affected by engaging in a task that fosters creativity, conformity, or sharing values after being reminded of death. After writing about death or a control topic, participants were randomly assigned to design a t‐shirt with the goal of being as creative as possible, trying to please others but not oneself, or trying to connect with others via shared values. After mortality salience, conforming to others led to increased worldview defence whereas sharing values did not. Further, engaging in a creative task decreased worldview defence after mortality salience. Implications for understanding the interface between different forms of social connectedness, creativity and the management of existential fears are discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
763.
Laura E. Matzen Zachary O. Benz Kevin R. Dixon Jamie Posey James K. Kroger Ann E. Speed 《Behavior research methods》2010,42(2):525-541
Raven’s Progressive Matrices is a widely used test for assessing intelligence and reasoning ability (Raven, Court, & Raven,
1998). Since the test is nonverbal, it can be applied to many different populations and has been used all over the world (Court
& Raven, 1995). However, relatively few matrices are in the sets developed by Raven, which limits their use in experiments
requiring large numbers of stimuli. For the present study, we analyzed the types of relations that appear in Raven’s original
Standard Progressive Matrices (SPMs) and created a software tool that can combine the same types of relations according to
parameters chosen by the experimenter, to produce very large numbers of matrix problems with specific properties. We then
conducted a norming study in which the matrices we generated were compared with the actual SPMs. This study showed that the
generated matrices both covered and expanded on the range of problem difficulties provided by the SPMs. 相似文献
764.
Experimental research in cognitive arithmetic frequently relies on participants’ self-reports to discriminate solutions based
on direct memory retrieval from use of procedural strategies. Given concerns about the validity and reliability of strategy
reports, Thevenot et al. in Mem Cogn 35:1344–1352, (2007) developed the operand-recognition paradigm as an objective measure of arithmetic strategies. Participants performed addition
or number comparison on two sequentially presented operands followed by a speeded operand-recognition task. Recognition times
increased with problem size following addition but not comparison. Thevenot et al. argued that the complexity of addition
strategies increases with problem size. A corresponding increase in operand-recognition time occurs because, as problem size
increases, working memory contains more numerical distracters. However, because addition is substantially more difficult than
comparison, and difficulty increases with problem size for addition but not comparison, their findings could be due to difficulty-related
task-switching costs. We repeated Thevenot et al. (Experiment 1) but added a control condition wherein participants performed
a parity (odd or even) task instead of operand recognition. We replicated their findings for operand recognition but found
robust, albeit smaller, effects of addition problem size on parity judgements. The results indicate that effects of strategy
complexity in the operand-recognition paradigm are confounded with task-switching effects, which complicates its application
as a precise measure of strategy complexity in arithmetic. 相似文献
765.
Melisa Wong Jamie Ratner Kenneth A. Gladstone Arpine Davtyan Cheryl Koopman 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2010,17(2):77-86
This study examined perceived social support among children of parents diagnosed with cancer. Twenty-nine participants, ages
18–38, who had been children when one of their parents was diagnosed with cancer provided demographic information and participated
in an interview about the impact of their parent’s illness on their lives. Five common themes characterized participants’
perceived social support received during their parent’s illness: (a) listening and understanding; (b) encouragement and reassurance;
(c) tangible assistance; (d) communication about cancer and treatment; and (e) engaging in normal life experiences. Depending
on the circumstances, however, a given type of social support was perceived to be helpful to some, while perceived by others
as ineffective or detrimental. Differences in respondents’ perceptions of the effects of specific forms of received social
support speak to the need for individualized support for children of cancer patients based upon each child’s specific needs
and circumstances. 相似文献
766.
Studia Logica - We propose a new perspective on logics of computation by combining instantial neighborhood logic $$\mathsf {INL}$$ with bisimulation safe operations adapted from $$\mathsf {PDL}$$ .... 相似文献
767.
Synthese - I conceptualise the role of dualities in quantum gravity, in terms of their functions for theory construction. I distinguish between two functions of duality in physical practice:... 相似文献
768.
Sebastian Wallot 《Multivariate behavioral research》2019,54(2):173-191
In this paper, Multidimensional Cross-Recurrence Quantification Analysis (MdCRQA) is introduced. It is an extension of Multidimensional Recurrence Quantification Analysis (MdRQA), which allows to quantify the (auto-)recurrence properties of a single multidimensional time-series. MdCRQA extends MdRQA to bi-variate cases to allow for the quantification of the co-evolution of two multidimensional time-series. Moreover, it is shown how a Diagonal Cross-Recurrence Profile (DCRP) can be computed from the MdCRQA output that allows to capture time-lagged coupling between two multidimensional time-series. The core concepts of these analyses are described, as well as practical aspects of their application. In the supplementary materials to this paper, implementations of MdCRQA and the DCRP as MatLab- and R-functions are provided. 相似文献
769.
Sharon A. Gutman Sara Barnett Lauren Fischman Jamie Halpern Genni Hester Colleen Kerrisk 《Occupational Therapy in Mental Health》2019,35(1):59-71
This study examined the effectiveness of a stress management intervention for sheltered homeless adults with mental illness. Twelve intervention participants received a 6-week, 1-hour psychoeducation group combined with a 20-minute meditation. Eleven matched pairs did not receive intervention and served as controls. At 1 week post study, intervention participants reported a statistically significant reduction in perceived stress (Z=??2.285, p < .02, d=??1.176) compared to controls. No differences were found at 1 week post study between intervention and control participants on reported quality of life. This study provides pilot data on the effectiveness of an occupation-based stress management program for sheltered homeless adults and warrants further study. 相似文献
770.