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41.
R. J. Rodgers 《Aggressive behavior》1995,21(1):29-39
This review outlines recent research on a subset of physiological responses in murine “victims” or aggression. In a typical resident-intruder paradigm, the detailed study of intruders has revealed that exposure to conspecific attack (and related stimuli) is associated with two forms of analgesia which appear to be integral components of the murine defensive repertoire. In response to intense/enduring attack, intruder mice display a profound, long-lasting and opioid-mediated analgesia. This reaction is highly correlated with defensive immobility and may function to reduce involuntary cues to further attack. In contrast, the inhibition of pain reactivity in mice tested immediately upon the display of defeat is less intense, shorter-lasting, non-opioid in nature and may function to facilitate active defenses such as escape. As this form of pain inhibition is also evident in intruders exposed to the scent of an aggressive male conspecific, a possible anticipatory defensive function linked to mechanisms of anxiety has been proposed. This hypothesis is supported by 1) the prevention of defeat analgesia by a range of antianxiety drugs (benzodiazepines, 5-hydroxytryptamine1A [5-HT1A] receptor agonists, and 5-HT3 receptor antagonists) and 2) the effects of social defeat on behavior in the elevated plusmaze model of anxiety. These findings are discussed in relation to coping mechanisms in murine “victims” of aggression. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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R. J. Rodgers 《Aggressive behavior》1979,5(1):31-40
Three experiments were conducted in an attempt to clarify the facilitatory influence of hydrocortisone on shock-induced fighting in rats. Results of the first experiment indicated a biphasic, dose-dependent action of intraventricularly-administered hydrocortisone. Low (25 μg) and intermediate (50 μg) doses both facilitated fighting whilst the high (100 μg) dose exerted a potent suppressant effect. Two control tests were performed to determine whether alterations in pain reactivity or locomotor activity could have accounted for the observed changes in fighting behaviour. None of the treatments altered shock thresholds (Experiment 2) but whilst neither low nor intermediate doses affected activity measures, the high dose preferentially reduced vertical activity (Experiment 3). 相似文献
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Irene Liu 《The Journal of value inquiry》2018,52(3):269-286
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