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271.
Jacques?RaphaelEmail author Sunil?Verma Paul?Hewitt Andrea?Eisen 《Journal of genetic counseling》2016,25(6):1309-1316
In May 2013, Angelina Jolie revealed to the media that she had undergone preventive double mastectomy after testing positive for a BRCA1 gene mutation. Media coverage has been extensive, but it is not clear how such a personal story affected the public and cancer genetics clinics. We conducted a retrospective review using data from the clinical database of the Familial Cancer Program at our centre. The impact of Ms. Jolie’s story on genetic counseling referrals and the appropriateness of such referrals were assessed and reported. The number of women referred for genetic counseling increased by 90 % after 6 months and remained high one year after AJ’s story with an increase of 88 % from baseline. The number of women who qualified for genetic testing increased by 105 % after 6 months; this increase persisted but was somewhat lower after one year with an increase of 68 % from baseline. Furthermore the number of BRCA1/2 carriers identified increased by 110 % after 6 months and by 42 % after one year.The effect of Mrs. Jolie’s story persisted one year after its release; however in the latter half of the year, the hereditary cancer risk of referred women was significantly lower than initially observed. The next challenge for our health care system will not only be to meet the increased demand for cancer genetic services in our region, but also to ensure that referrals and hence use of genetic counseling resources are appropriate. 相似文献
272.
273.
André Vanessa Henry Séverine Vuillemin Adelyne Beuchée Alain Sizun Jacques Roué Jean-Michel Lemasson Alban Misery Laurent Hausberger Martine Durier Virginie 《Animal cognition》2020,23(5):843-850
Animal Cognition - Humans’ early olfactory perception has been studied mainly within the framework of mother–offspring interactions and only a few studies have focused on... 相似文献
274.
Jacques‐Philippe Leyens Armando Rodriguez‐Perez Ramon Rodriguez‐Torres Ruth Gaunt Maria‐Paola Paladino Jeroen Vaes Stphanie Demoulin 《European journal of social psychology》2001,31(4):395-411
According to the psychological essentialism perspective, people tend to explain differences between groups by attributing them different essences. Given a pervasive ethnocentrism, this tendency implies that the human essence will be restricted to the ingroup whereas outgroups will receive a lesser degree of humanity. Therefore, it is argued that people attribute more uniquely human characteristics to the ingroup than to the outgroup. The present article focuses on secondary emotions that constitute such characteristics. Study 1 showed that members of high‐ and low‐status groups attribute more positive secondary emotions to the ingroup than to the outgroup. Study 2 verified that the differential attribution extended also to negative secondary emotions. No exemplars of emotions were provided in Study 3. Instead, participants had to estimate the means of two distributions of numbers that supposedly represented characteristics of the ingroup and of the outgroup. The results of this third experiment illustrated the reluctance to attribute secondary emotions to the outgroup. The findings are discussed from the perspective of psychological essentialism. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
275.
Dichotic perception and laterality in neonates 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Josiane Bertoncini Jos Morais Ranka Bijeljac-Babic Stephen McAdams Isabelle Peretz Jacques Mehler 《Brain and language》1989,37(4):591-605
Groups of 4-day-old neonates were tested for dichotic discrimination and ear differences with the High-Amplitude-Sucking procedure. In the first experiment, dichotic speech discrimination was attested by comparison with a control group. Furthermore, among those subjects who showed a substantial recovery of sucking response at least after one of the two syllable changes, it was observed that significantly more subjects manifested a stronger reaction to a right-ear change than to a left-ear change. In the second experiment, 4-day-old neonates were tested on syllable and music timbre discrimination. The significant Stimulus Type x Ear interaction observed suggests perceptual asymmetries indicative of very precocious brain specialization. 相似文献
276.
Jacques Donders 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》1992,20(3):233-246
The premorbid adjustment of 85 six- to sixteen-year-old children with traumatic brain injury was assessed by means of standardized rating forms that were completed by the children's parents and teachers. Parents and teachers were in moderate agreement when rating children's premorbid functioning. Less than 11% of the children appeared to have premorbid disturbances. Premorbid adjustment did not appear to be clearly related to injury severity or to type of injury. It is concluded that premorbid behavioral and psychosocial factors are not strongly related to the incidence of traumatic brain injury in a sample of children with predominantly relatively severe injuries.The author gratefully acknowledges the assistance of Amy Herrema, Kevin Hogeterp, and Mary Jeanne Lynch in the data collection process. 相似文献
277.
We examined attention shifting in baboons and humans during the learning of visual categories. Within a conditional matching-to-sample
task, participants of the two species sequentially learned two two-feature categories which shared a common feature. Results
showed that humans encoded both features of the initially learned category, but predominantly only the distinctive feature
of the subsequently learned category. Although baboons initially encoded both features of the first category, they ultimately
retained only the distinctive features of each category. Empirical data from the two species were analyzed with the 1996 ADIT
connectionist model of Kruschke. ADIT fits the baboon data when the attentional shift rate is zero, and the human data when
the attentional shift rate is not zero. These empirical and modeling results suggest species differences in learned attention
to visual features.
Received: 30 May 1998 / Accepted after revision: 13 September 1998 相似文献
278.
Jacques Waardenburg 《Islam & Christian-Muslim Relations》1997,8(1):9-26
In treating some critical issues in Muslim‐Christian relations at present and in the near future I would like to say something on the basis of what may be qualified as ‘critical realism’ on the one hand and ‘constructive partnership’ on the other. My purpose here is to identify some issues with which we have to cope when we want to improve relations between Muslims and Christians for times to come. 相似文献
279.
Herman A. Witkin Douglass Price-Williams Mario Bertini Bjrn Christiansen Philip K. Oltman Manuel Ramirez Jacques van Meel 《International journal of psychology》1974,9(1):11-29
This study examined the role of socialization experiences in the development of psychological differentiation. In each of three countries (Holland, Italy, Mexico) two villages were selected as presenting a contrasting picture with regard to degree of emphasis on conformity to family, religious and political authority. It was hypothesized that within the pair of villages in each country children from the village which stressed social conformity would tend to be more field dependent and show other signs of less developed differentiation than children from the village in which social conformity was less emphasized. In each of the six villages approximately 100 children (boys and girls, aged 9–11 and 13–15) were studied. Differentiation was assessed by a battery of tests of field-dependence-independence and the figure-drawing test. In every comparison of mean test scores between pairs of villages, in each of the three countries, children from the village in which social conformity was stressed obtained scores reflecting less differentiated functioning. Village differences were significant for every measure of differentiation in all three countries. Addition alanalyses of the data from the tests of differentiation and other tests used yielded results essentially consistent with findings from previous studies. 相似文献
280.