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253.
Position uncertainty was used to guarantee that an S’s attention was distributed equally over a visual display. Diminishing discriminability through a masking flash, which controlled the time available to attend selectively to the individual figures in the display, increased the relative discriminability of figures differing in their line slope as compared to figures differing in their line arrangement. Diminishing discriminability through decreasing the clarity of a visual trace by reducing exposure duration did not increase the relative discriminability of figures differing in their line slopes. It is suggested that the discriminability of differences in line slope and in line arrangement varies with the distribution of attention. The results are interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that, under distributed attention in peripheral vision, the visual system is more sensitive to differences in line slope than to differences in line arrangement. 相似文献
254.
A total of 278 black women (183) and men (95) were administered the Gorham's Proverbs Test and the Shipley Institute of Living Scale (revised). This study compared Abstract scores on the Gorham's Proverbs Test with Vocabulary and Abstract scores on the Shipley Institute of Living Scale. The two tests were remarkably similar in terms of score distributions and susceptibility to the effects of age, perceived socioeconomic level during childhood, education, and perceived quality of education. Analysis also showed that abstract reasoning, as measured by these tests, is not free from the effects of vocabulary skills. Mean scores on both tests were within the range of mean scores previously reported in the literature. 相似文献
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256.
S M Turner D C Beidel J W Borden M A Stanley R G Jacob 《Journal of abnormal psychology》1991,100(1):102-106
The presence of Axis I and Axis II disorders in 71 social phobic patients was examined. Generalized anxiety disorder was the most common secondary Axis I disorder, followed by simple phobia. Avoidant personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder were the most common Axis II diagnoses, and 88% of the sample exhibited features of these 2 personality styles. Subjects with additional Axis I diagnoses were more anxious and depressed than those with no additional Axis I disorder. Social phobics with additional Axis II disorders were more depressed but not more anxious than those with no Axis II diagnosis. Furthermore, those with an additional Axis I disorder had higher scores on measures of neuroticism, interpersonal sensitivity, and agoraphobia. The prevalence and impact of additional Axis I and II disorders on the etiology, maintenance, and treatment outcome for persons with social phobia are discussed. 相似文献
257.
This study compares the amount of test anxiety experienced on a computerized adaptive test (CAT) to a paper-and-pencil test
(P&P), as well as the state test anxiety experienced between males and females. Ninety-four middle school CAT examinees were
compared to 65 middle school P&P examinees on their responses to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC) after
taking a standardized achievement test. Results of a multiple regression showed that P&P examinees had a higher mean STAIC
score than CAT examinees after controlling for trait test anxiety and computer anxiety. Evidence of neither a main nor a moderator
effect of gender was found. However, a subsequent path analysis gave evidence of an indirect effect of gender on STAIC score
mediated by trait test anxiety. Results are discussed in the context of stereotype threat and the implications for the use
of CAT in schools, given the digital divide between race and socioeconomic status. Recommendations for future research and
practice are offered. 相似文献
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259.
The aim of the present study is to test the Greenhaus and Allen (2011) model on work-family balance (WFB). The model was tested using a survey based methodology. An online questionnaire was administered and data was collected from academicians from higher education institutes in India (492 samples) and USA (293 samples). Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS SEM) results showed that work-family conflict and work-family facilitation predicted job and family satisfaction. Similarly both types of satisfactions (job and family) predicted feelings of WFB, which in turn results in life satisfaction. In both samples, the model was found to have adequate predictive relevance and goodness of fit with the data. Thus, academicians working in higher educational institutions in India and USA can attain work-family balance by achieving job and family satisfaction. Similarly, job and family satisfaction decreased and increased due to conflict and facilitation respectively. Finally, this work showed that if academicians can achieve balance between work and family, they can attain satisfaction in life as a whole. 相似文献
260.
Ming-He Huang Jacob Ebey Stewart Wolf M.D. 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1991,26(1):5-17
The QT interval of the electrocardiogram, although often coordinated in an inverse relationship to heart rate, appears from the existing evidence to be regulated by mechanisms separate from those that govern heart rate. The purpose of this inquiry was to explore further the relationship of the two and to test other factors that may contribute to the regulation of QT. Heart rate and QT duration were measured in healthy human subjects during postural change and exercise. The data showed that, while coordinated in an inverse relationship under some circumstances, under others heart rate and QT were discordant, leading to the inference that there is no fixed linkage between the two. Previous work by the authors and other published studies have suggested that ventricular contractility may have more predictable association with QT shortening than do increases in heart rate. Observations of force of ventricular contraction (HI and IJ velocity) as reflected in ballisto-cardiographic tracings were made using each of 12 human subjects as the authors’ own control. The data revealed a highly significant correlation between the velocity measures and QT duration (p<0.01) but not heart rate. These findings led to the conclusion that there is clearly not a fixed relationship between heart rate and QT interval and to the hypothesis that QT may more closely reflect the degree of cardiac contractility. 相似文献