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排序方式: 共有194条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
Lonneke A. L. De Meijer Marise Ph. Born Jaap Van Zielst Henk T. Van Der Molen 《International Journal of Selection & Assessment》2007,15(2):139-152
A judgment‐analysis study was used to investigate assessors' judgment processes, evaluating ethnic minority vs ethnic majority applicants. Sixteen ethnic majority assessors judged 5089 applicants during the Dutch police officer selection procedure, with each assessor judging 30 ethnic minority applicants minimally. Information from an employment interview, an assessment center, and a Big Five personality test were combined into a final selection advice. Results showed that as much as or more information sources were used to judge ethnic minority than ethnic majority applicants. Furthermore, a larger number of irrelevant cues were used for the judgment of ethnic minority applicants. Finally, when judging ethnic minority applicants, assessors based their decision to a lesser extent on their own ratings than on ratings of others. 相似文献
112.
Although it accounts for the prototypical course of emotions, the attractor concept has hardly ever been used empirically. Authors applied Empirical Differential Equations (EDE) to frequent (hourly) anger ratings to find the attractor of anger. The attractor concept, its neurological basis, and EDE are explained. The attractor of anger follows an underdamped oscillator, and is affected by the capacity to inhibit prepotent responses. Anger accelerates less fast when inhibitory control increases. Results stress the internal dynamics of emotions, and help to bridge the gap between concepts from dynamic systems theory and empirical data. 相似文献
113.
Cornelieke S. H. Aarnoudse-Moens Diana P. Smidts Jaap Oosterlaan Hugo J. Duivenvoorden Nynke Weisglas-Kuperus 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2009,37(7):981-993
We examined whether very preterm (≤30 weeks gestation) children at early school age have impairments in executive function
(EF) independent of IQ and processing speed, and whether demographic and neonatal risk factors were associated with EF impairments.
A consecutive sample of 50 children (27 boys and 23 girls) born very preterm (mean age = 5.9 years, SD = 0.4, mean gestational age = 28.0 weeks, SD = 1.4) was compared to a sample of 50 age-matched full-term controls (23 girls and 27 boys, mean age = 6.0 years, SD = 0.6) with respect to performance on a comprehensive EF battery, assessing the domains of inhibition, working memory, switching,
verbal fluency, and concept generation. The very preterm group demonstrated poor performance compared to the controls on all
EF domains, even after partialing out the effects of IQ. Processing speed was marginally related to EF. Analyses with demographic
and neonatal risk factors showed maternal education and gestational age to be related to EF. This study adds to the emerging
body of literature showing that very preterm birth is associated with EF impairments. 相似文献
114.
Sjoerd van Halem Eeske van Roekel Lara Kroencke Niclas Kuper Jaap Denissen 《欧洲人格杂志》2020,34(5):794-807
To sample situations that are psychologically arousing in daily life, we implemented an experience sampling strategy in which 82 Dutch young adults (Mage = 20.73) were triggered based on random time intervals and based on physiological skin conductance scores across a period of 5 days. When triggered, participants had to fill in short surveys on affect, situational characteristics and event characteristics on their smartphone. We found theoretically expected relationships between the skin conductance signal on the one hand and self-reported arousal and positive energy (e.g. energetic and enthusiastic) on the other hand, although effect sizes were small. Unexpectedly, none of the negative affective scales (i.e. irritation, anxiety, and negative valence) were predicted by skin conductance levels. Despite the (partial) validity of the signal, a simple algorithm that triggered the survey based on relative increases of skin conductance levels produced counterintuitive results due to a dependence between level and slope. Additional exploratory analyses highlighted other skin conductance signal characteristics (i.e. autocorrelation, number of peaks, and change points) that might be worth examining when designing future algorithms to sample arousing moments. Overall, our experiences highlight not only the promise but also the complexity of real-time measurement of physiological processes in daily life. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology 相似文献
115.
This preregistered meta-analysis (k = 113, total n = 93 668) addressed how the Big Five dimensions of personality (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness) are related to loneliness. Robust variance estimation accounting for the dependency of effect sizes was used to compute meta-analytic bivariate correlations between loneliness and personality. Extraversion (r = −.370), agreeableness (r = −.243), conscientiousness (r = −.202), and openness (r = −.107) were negatively related to loneliness. Neuroticism (r = .358) was positively related to loneliness. These associations differed meaningfully in strength depending on how loneliness was assessed. Additionally, meta-analytic structural equation modelling was used to investigate the unique association between each personality trait and loneliness while controlling for the other four personality traits. All personality traits except openness remained statistically significantly associated with loneliness when controlling for the other personality traits. Our results show the importance of stable personality factors in explaining individual differences in loneliness. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology. 相似文献
116.
Agelink van Rentergem Joost A. de Vent Nathalie R. Schmand Ben A. Murre Jaap M. J. Staaks Janneke P. C. Huizenga Hilde M. 《Neuropsychology review》2020,30(1):51-96
Neuropsychology Review - Many neuropsychologists are of the opinion that the multitude of cognitive tests may be grouped into a much smaller number of cognitive domains. However, there is little... 相似文献
117.
Anne J. H. de Ruiter Jaap M. Koolhaas Jan N. Keijser Geert A. van Oortmerssen Bela Bohus 《Aggressive behavior》1992,18(2):149-157
In this study, testosterone secretory capacity of testicular Leydig cells during ontogeny was determined in males of an aggressive and a nonaggressive genetic selection line of wild house mice. Neonates, 23-day-old prepubertals, and adult male mice were studied. A morphometric method was used to quantify 3β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (3β-3HSD)-stained Leydig cells in testicular sections to determine testosterone secretory capacity. We consider this parameter to reflect circulating testosterone in the plasma. The results of this study show that the testosterone secretory capacity of Leydig cells in the testis changes differentially during development in males of the aggressive and nonaggressive selection lines. This capacity is highest in the aggressive selection line males at adulthood and at the prepubertal age of 23 days. Surprisingly, at birth, the highest T-secretory capacity was observed in the males of the nonaggressive selection line. The significance of an interaction between genetic factors and differences in perinatal testosterone for the individual variation in adult aggressive behavior is discussed. 相似文献
118.
Jaap Harlaar Ronald A. Redmeijer Peter Tump Rob Peters Edwin Hautus 《Behavior research methods》2000,32(1):11-16
A new system—called SYBAR—is introduced, that employs digital video for registration of the movements of a patient while simultaneously recording electromyogram signals of relevant muscles and ground reaction forces (for the lower extremities in gait studies). All information is stored in a multimedia record, which can be viewed by the clinician with a simple user interface. This setup allows an integrated and more detailed view of the movement of the patient and related information (i.e., muscle physiology). It is used by clinicians to assess the causes of movement disorders in their patients. This paper describes the SYBAR system and focuses on the employed methods of data synchronization for both the time and the spatial domains. It is concluded that, although SYBAR was developed for clinical gait studies, the technology can be applied in all situations in which the relation between physiological signals and human or animal behavior is studied. 相似文献
119.
120.
Anne Jaap Jacobson 《Metaphilosophy》1989,20(3-4):391-395