Intelligence as measured by the WAIS and a military draft board group test

Intelligence test scores derived from individual administration of the WAIS and group administration of a military draft board screening test were obtained for a sample of 232 young Danish males. The means on both tests show the sample was somewhat above the Danish average. Despite a more than four-year time interval between the two testings, and procedural and content differences between the tests themselves, the correlation between the two test scores was substantial (0.82). Consequently, we conclude that the group administered draft board test measures the same general intelligence as does the individually administered WAIS and is therefore well suited to large-scale epidemiological and demographic studies of intelligence.     

An Application of Balance Theory to Family Treatment

The formulations of Heider's Balance Theory are reviewed. An application of Balance Theory to the diagnosis and treatment of family dysfunction is demonstrated.     

Spousal Perceptions of Midlife Career Change

The impact of midlife career change on the changer's family is the focus of the study. It identifies several family adaptations characterizing the career change process.     

Transfer of training: A field investigation of youth training

This study investigated, in the field, differences in the transfer and retention of training in using micrometers, of two groups of young trainees. The experimental group were motor-vehicle servicing trainees and the control group were information technology trainees. The results showed that (i) there was no difference between trainees of the two groups in end-of-training tests when they were trained from scratch, though the information technology trainees retained the skill better; (ii) experimental subjects, who had learned the micrometer skill one year previously, were more effectively trained to use it in a new trade than were control subjects, who lacked previous experience; (iii) experimental subjects, who had learned the micrometer skill one year previously, were not more effectively trained to use a vernier height-gauge. Results are discussed in terms of the level of skill at which a possible transfer mechanism may be supposed to operate. Evidence is presented of effective transfer of training between two skills very closely related at the motor level. Failure of transfer of training between two skills related at a somewhat higher level of abstraction is shown. The question of transfer of training between two skills not closely related at these lower levels, but related at a yet higher level of abstraction, is discussed.     

Distributive Justice,Procedural Justice,Affective Commitment,and Turnover Intention: A Mediation–Moderation Framework1

This study addressed the unexamined issue of how and when distributive justice and procedural justice interact to predict turnover intention using a mediation–moderation framework. Survey data from 168 employees showed that affective commitment mediated the relationship between distributive justice and turnover intention, and this mediated effect varied across levels of supervisory procedural justice. Specifically, at high levels of procedural justice, affective commitment partially mediated the distributive justice–turnover intention link; at low levels of procedural justice, affective commitment fully mediated this link. The findings draw attention to the (a) importance of affective commitment in the absence of distributive and procedural fairness and (b) role of supervisory procedural justice in attenuating the adverse effects of low affective commitment on turnover intention.     

COMMUNICATION DIVERSITY AND INFORMATION ACQUISITION AMONG KOREAN IMMIGRANTS IN HAWAII

The general purpose of the study was to construct a precise explanation of the communication patterns of Korean immigrants in Hawaii and the subsequent impact of these communication patterns on their level of information. A general pattern of communication diversity was conceptualized on two levels: (1) whether an immigrant uses diverse channels of communication rather than depending upon one dominant channel, and (2) whether his communication behavior cuts across ethnic boundaries rather than remaining restricted to just one ethnic group. It was hypothesized that for immigrants to be engaged in diverse communication patterns requires both a greater social capacity and a greater cognitive capacity. The cognitive structure with which immigrants process information from their new environment, and their perceived locus of control over the environment, were used as measures of cognitive capacity. Education, occupational status, length of residence in the United States, and English fluency were used as measures of social capacity. All of the hypothesized relationships were tested and supported by face-to-face interviews in a sample survey of 401 randomly selected Korean immigrants in Hawaii.