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41.
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Using a nationally representative survey fielded in 2009, we analyze the relationships between personality traits and various modes of political participation in South Korea. We find statistically significant relationships between personality (measured by the Five‐Factor Model) and several nonelectoral modes of participation. Openness correlates positively with protest participation, rally attendance, financial contributions to political causes, news media contacts, and political activities via the Internet. Agreeableness correlates negatively with these five participation modes as well as petition signing. Conscientiousness is positively associated with individual political acts (e.g., contacting news media and elected officials and donation), while it is negatively associated with collective actions such as participation in rally. However, we do not find any significant relationship between personality and voter turnout. Reflecting an unusually conflictual political climate of South Korea in 2008, we discuss these findings' implications focusing on the personality‐situation interactions.  相似文献   
43.
    
The aim of latent variable selection in multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models is to identify latent traits probed by test items of a multidimensional test. In this paper the expectation model selection (EMS) algorithm proposed by Jiang et al. (2015) is applied to minimize the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) for latent variable selection in MIRT models with a known number of latent traits. Under mild assumptions, we prove the numerical convergence of the EMS algorithm for model selection by minimizing the BIC of observed data in the presence of missing data. For the identification of MIRT models, we assume that the variances of all latent traits are unity and each latent trait has an item that is only related to it. Under this identifiability assumption, the convergence of the EMS algorithm for latent variable selection in the multidimensional two-parameter logistic (M2PL) models can be verified. We give an efficient implementation of the EMS for the M2PL models. Simulation studies show that the EMS outperforms the EM-based L1 regularization in terms of correctly selected latent variables and computation time. The EMS algorithm is applied to a real data set related to the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire.  相似文献   
44.
恶的想象力     
Sartre’s “transcendence of the ego” means that consciousness is outside of the ego, that the ego is the “ego of the other”, and that the other is neither in consciousness nor in the ego. Sartre viewed “reflection” as a pure mood rather than as the substantial carrier of mood. The strangeness and absurdity of the world emerge from this reflection. Sartre’s “imagination of the evil” has two aspects. On the one hand, “evil” corresponds to the concept of the other, transcending the capacity for domination of the ego; on the other hand, imagination is related to the other in a broad sense, with the ability to transform “philistinism” and “evil” into marvels.  相似文献   
45.
5—7岁儿童加法策略的发展特点   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7       下载免费PDF全文
随机选取72名5~7岁儿童为被试,采用实验法和访谈法对儿童解决简单加法问题的策略的发展特点进行探索。结果发现,随着年龄的增长,儿童使用提取策略明显上升,逐渐成为主导策略,而数数策略逐渐减少,凑十策略、心理算盘策略和分解策略只有在少数儿童身上发现,整体看5~7岁儿童没有出现多种策略的竞争趋势;提取和从大数开始数的策略是5~7岁儿童较为优秀的解决简单加法问题的策略。  相似文献   
46.
采用梁宝勇、程诚编制的“中国成年人心理弹性量表”、梁宝勇和郝志红编制的“中国大学生心理应激量表”和郑日昌、邓丽芳和张忠华等编制的“中国大学生心理健康量表”,对4所大学620名在校大学生进行测试,探讨心理弹性在大学生心理应激与心理健康关系中的作用。研究结果表明,心理弹性可以缓冲心理应激对大学生心理健康的消极影响,心理弹性部分中介心理应激与心理健康之间关系。  相似文献   
47.
注视指向是非常重要的社会性注意线索,但是在日常情境中,注视指向往往伴随着头部朝向信息,而且两者都包含空间指向信息.已有研究发现头部朝向会影响注视指向知觉的速度和准确性,为注视指向提供参照系,进而会影响注视指向诱发的社会性注意.头部朝向和注视指向加工的神经机制也存在着广泛的重合.因此,除眼睛注视以外,头部朝向也是建构和完善基于心理模型的社会性注意机制的一个关键因素.未来的研究应关注头部朝向与眼睛注视指向共同影响注意转移的作用机制,并且从功能整合的角度开展神经机制研究.  相似文献   
48.
庄子就是典型的无所谓者.无所谓,就是没有一个可以依据的对象,可以横说竖说,正言反言,不可以在行为、活动、话语、写作、辩论之前,预先设立一个或多个公开的或潜在的标准.谓,即可以说是无所谓,也可以说是谓他谓.庄子所谓吾丧我就是谓他谓的别一种说法,为一种中国式的横向逻辑传统,有别于亚里士多德形式逻辑的垂直性思维传统.  相似文献   
49.
    
This investigation aimed at extending past research on expectation violations by arguing that violations vary both in valance and in their influence on uncertainty and that the combination of valence and uncertainty states conjointly influences judgments of a violator's social attractiveness. In explaining the predicted variance in uncertainty following violations, a distinction is proposed between congruent violations (i.e., behaviors that are more intense instantiations of a previously displayed message) and incongruent violations (i.e., behaviors that are opposite in meaning from previously displayed messages). Five models for explaining violation effects are contrasted. Results (a) confirm that violations differ in their impact on uncertainty, (b) generally support the validity of the proposed distinction between congruent and incongruent violations, and show that the inclusion of uncertainty and valence in models of violation outcomes accounts for greater variance in social attraction than either one separately.  相似文献   
50.
李虹  林崇德  商磊 《心理科学》2007,30(3):519-523
本研究的目的是检验生命控制感对内在控制感和外在控制感与心理健康之间关系的调节和中介作用。所使用的测量工具有:生命控制感量表(LCS),内外在控制感量表(LOCS),自尊量表(SES)和一般健康问卷(GHQ-20)。被试为来自北京市三所高校的788名大学生。研究结果为:生命控制感对内在控制感和外在控制感与自尊和一般健康状况之间的关系均存在调节作用,但不存在中介作用。研究结论是:生命控制感对于内在控制感和外在控制感与心理健康之间的关系具有调节作用,但不具中介作用。  相似文献   
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